Lissafin gas mai sanyaya
 Lissafin gas mai sanyaya | |
|---|---|
method (en)  | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
Manufofin muhalli, carbon finance (en) , Inventory na gas mai sanyaya da accounting (en) |
| Ma'aikaci |
Greenly (mul) , Workiva (en) da Q26257883 |
| Shafin yanar gizo | associationbilancarbone.fr |
Lissafin carbon (ko lissafin iskar gas) tsari ne na hanyoyin da za a auna da kuma bin diddigin yawan iskar gas (GHG) da ƙungiyar ke fitarwa.[3] Hakanan ana iya amfani dashi don bin diddigin ayyukan ko ayyuka don rage hayaki a fannoni kamar gandun daji ko makamashi mai sabuntawa. Kamfanoni, birane da sauran kungiyoyi suna amfani da waɗannan dabarun don taimakawa wajen iyakance canjin yanayi. Kungiyoyi galibi za su kafa tushen fitar da hayaki, ƙirƙirar manufofi don rage hayaki, da bin diddigin ci gaba zuwa gare su. Hanyoyin lissafi suna ba su damar yin wannan a cikin hanyar da ta fi dacewa da kuma bayyane.
Babban dalilan lissafin GHG shine don magance damuwar alhakin zamantakewa ko biyan bukatun shari'a. Matsayi na jama'a na kamfanoni, ƙwazo na kudi da yiwuwar adana kuɗi wasu dalilai ne. Hanyoyin lissafin GHG suna taimakawa masu saka hannun jari su fahimci Hadarin yanayi na kamfanonin da suka saka hannun jari a ciki. Har ila yau, suna taimakawa tare da burin fitar da iska na kamfanoni ko al'ummomi. Gwamnatoci da yawa a duniya suna buƙatar nau'ikan rahoto daban-daban. Akwai wasu shaidu cewa shirye-shiryen da ke buƙatar lissafin GHG don taimakawa wajen rage hayaki.[4] Kasuwanci don sayen da siyar da ƙididdigar carbon sun dogara da daidaitattun ma'auni na hayaki da rage fitarwa. Wadannan dabarun na iya taimakawa wajen fahimtar tasirin takamaiman kayayyaki da aiyuka. Suna yin hakan ta hanyar ƙididdigar hayakin GHG a duk rayuwarsu (ƙafar carbon).
Asalin
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ƙoƙarin farko na ƙirƙirar hanyoyin lissafin iskar gas (GHG) sun kasance a matakin ƙasa. A shekarar 1995, shirin sauyin yanayi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya bukaci kasashen da suka ci gaba su rika bayar da rahoto duk shekara kan hayakin da suke fitarwa daga nau'ikan masana'antu guda shida. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, yarjejeniyar Kyoto ta ayyana iskar iskar gas da aka fi mayar da hankali kan hanyoyin lissafin yau. Waɗannan su ne carbon dioxide ( CO ), methane ( ), nitrous oxide, sulfur hexafluoride, nitrogen trifluoride, hydrofluorocarbons da perfluorocarbons . Waɗannan ayyukan sun wayar da kan jama'a game da mahimmancin ingantattun ƙididdiga masu fitar da GHG. [5] [6]
A cikin 1998 Cibiyar Kula da Harkokin Duniya (WRI) da Majalisar Kasuwanci ta Duniya don Ci Gaban Ci gaba (WBCSD) sun fara aiki don haɓaka yarjejeniya don tallafawa wannan burin. Sun buga sigar farko ta Greenhouse Gas Protocol a watan Satumbar shekara ta 2001.[7] Ya kafa "cikakken, na duniya, daidaitaccen tsari don auna da sarrafa hayaki daga ayyukan kamfanoni masu zaman kansu da na jama'a, sarkar darajar, samfuran, birane, da manufofi".[8] Yarjejeniyar kamfanoni ta raba hayaki na ƙungiya zuwa kashi uku. Yankin 1 yana rufe hayaki kai tsaye daga wuraren ƙungiyar. Yankin 2 yana rufe hayaki daga samar da wutar lantarki da kungiyar ta saya. Yankin 3 yana rufe wasu hayaki na kai tsaye.[9]
Bukatar gwamnati
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Bukatar doka tana ba da wani nau'in direba. Wadannan galibi ana kirkirar su ta hanyar takamaiman dokoki kan bayar da rahoto, ko a cikin shirye-shiryen muhalli masu yawa. Kasuwancin Kasuwancin fitarwa sun dogara da ka'idojin lissafi da bayar da rahoto. A cikin 2015 sama da kasashe 40 suna da wasu nau'ikan rahotanni da ake buƙata.[10]
Dokar Bayar da Bayani ta Kasuwanci ta Tarayyar Turai (CSRD) wani bangare ne na Yarjejeniyar Green ta Turai. An yi niyyar sanya kasashen EU tsaro-tsaki da carbon nan da shekara ta 2050. Wannan umarnin zai buƙaci manyan kamfanoni da kamfanoni da yawa tare da securities da aka jera a kan kasuwannin da EU ke tsarawa don bayyana bayanai masu yawa na ESG, gami da hayakin GHG.[11] Jagororin Rahoton Muhalli na Burtaniya sabuntawa da kuma bayyana bukatun da ke cikin dokokin da suka gabata waɗanda ke buƙatar kamfanoni su ba da rahoton bayanai game da hayaki na GHG.[12][13] A cikin Amurka Shirin Rahoton Gas na Greenhouse (GHGRP) yana buƙatar kayan aiki (kamar yadda ya saba da kamfanoni) na rahoton fitar da GHG daga manyan wuraren masana'antu. Shirin ya rufe jimlar masana'antu 41.[14]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Hills, Karen (20 April 2022). "The Basics of Carbon Markets and Trends: Something to Keep an Eye On | CSANR | Washington State University" (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-03-08.
- ↑ "Greenhouse Gas Protocol". World Resources Institute (in Turanci). 2023-05-02. Retrieved 2023-07-22.
- ↑ "Carbon Accounting". Corporate Finance Institute (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-01-06.
- ↑ Downar, Benedikt; Ernstberger, Jürgen; Reichelstein, Stefan; Schwenen, Sebastian; Zaklan, Aleksandar (2021-09-01). "The impact of carbon disclosure mandates on emissions and financial operating performance". Review of Accounting Studies (in Turanci). 26 (3): 1137–1175. doi:10.1007/s11142-021-09611-x. ISSN 1573-7136. S2CID 220061770.
|hdl-access=requires|hdl=(help) - ↑ Green 2010
- ↑ LoPucki 2022.
- ↑ Green 2010
- ↑ "Greenhouse Gas Protocol". World Resources Institute. Archived from the original on 2021-01-28. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
- ↑ Greenhouse Gas Protocol Corporate Accounting 2004
- ↑ Singh, Neelam; Longendyke, Lindsey (2015-05-27). "A Global Look at Mandatory Greenhouse Gas Reporting Programs" (in Turanci).
- ↑ "Emerging EU ESG Requirements: Transatlantic Implications for Multinational Companies". The National Law Review (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-12-15.
- ↑ "SECR explained: Streamlined Energy & Carbon Reporting framework for UK business". Carbon Trust (in Turanci). 2019-04-20. Retrieved 2022-12-15.
- ↑ "Environmental reporting guidelines: including Streamlined Energy and Carbon Reporting requirements". GOV.UK (in Turanci). 29 March 2019. pp. 26–27. Retrieved 2022-12-15.
- ↑ US EPA, OAR (2014-09-22). "Learn About the Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program (GHGRP)". www.epa.gov (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-12-15.