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Liz Ibrahims

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Liz Ibrahims
Rayuwa
Haihuwa 19 Satumba 1925
ƙasa Afirka ta kudu
Mutuwa 17 Disamba 2009
Karatu
Harsuna Turanci
Sana'a
Sana'a ɗan siyasa
Imani
Jam'iyar siyasa Majalisar Tarayya ta Afirka

Elizabeth Adriana Abrahams ( Samfuri:Nee, 19 Satumba 1925 - 17 Disamba 2008) ɗan gwagwarmayar siyasa ne na Afirka ta Kudu kuma ɗan ƙungiyar ƙwadago wanda ya taka rawa sosai a gwagwarmayar yaƙi da wariyar launin fata . Ta zama Sakatare Janar na Kungiyar Ma'aikatan Abinci da Canning (FCWU) a 1955, aikin da ta yi har zuwa 1964. Yunkurin ta ya kawo ta kusa da masu fafutuka ciki har da Elizabeth Mafikeng, Archie Sibeko, Oscar Mpetha da Ray Alexander . An tsare ta a shekarar 1986 don yi wa 'yan sanda tambayoyi sannan aka tsare ta kusan watanni uku ba tare da an gurfanar da ita ba. Bayan ta yi ritaya, Abrahams ta ci gaba da kasancewa mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Abinci da Ƙwararrun Ma'aikata (FAWU), kuma tana cikin 1995, shekara guda bayan zaɓen demokraɗiyya na farko a Afirka ta Kudu, aka zaɓa don zama ɗan majalisa. A cikin shekaru na ƙarshe na rayuwarta, Abrahams ta sami lambobin yabo da yawa saboda gudummawar da ta bayar ga gwagwarmayar 'yanci da kuma ayyukanta a madadin 'yancin ma'aikata.

Rayuwar farko

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An haifi Elizabeth “Nanna” Abrahams a cikin 1925 [1] a cikin dangi masu launi masu aiki a cikin kwarin Paarl a Western Cape, Tarayyar Afirka ta Kudu. [2] Tana da ’yan’uwa huɗu da mata huɗu. Ta halarci Makarantar Bethanie a Paarl, wanda ya kasance cibiyar koyar da ilimin launin fata, [2] har zuwa shekara ta shida. Mahaifinta yana aiki a masana'antar itace kuma yana yin tubali, mahaifiyarta kuma tana aiki a masana'antar gwangwani.

Abrahams ta nuna sha’awar siyasa tun tana karama, abin da daga baya ta danganta shi ne ga yadda mahaifinta yake son karantawa da tattauna batutuwan siyasa. Yanayin tattalin arziki a Paarl lokacin ƙuruciyar Abrahams yana da iyakacin damar aiki. Bayan mutuwar mahaifinta, lokacin da take shekara 14, [3] ta bar makaranta don yin aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar yanayi a masana'antar gwangwani na gida. [2] A can ta fuskanci mummunan yanayin da ma'aikata ke fuskanta, ciki har da tsawon sa'o'i na aiki, ƙarancin albashi da kuma rashin wuraren wanka.

Ayyukan siyasa

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Yawancin lokutan rashin aikin yi da ke da alaƙa da rayuwa a matsayin ma'aikaci na lokaci-lokaci ya ba da gudummawa ga haɓakar Ibrahims game da mummunan yanayin da ma'aikata ke fama da shi, musamman mata. An kafa Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Abinci da Canning (FCWU) a cikin 1941. [4] Ray Alexander Simons ne ya dauki Abrahams don shiga, wanda a lokacin ya kasance dan kwaminisanci da kungiyar kwadago. Ko da yake an ba wa mambobin mata iyakacin matsayi a farkon ƙungiyar, Abrahams, da sauran membobin mata, sun fara ɗaukar muhimmiyar rawa ta ƙungiya da haɗin kai. Nan da nan aka ƙara mata girma daga ma’aikaciyar ma’aikata a filin masana’anta zuwa sakatariyar reshe. [2] [5]

Abrahams ya tallata dalilin rashin nuna wariyar launin fata a tsakanin mambobin kungiyar, lamarin da ke kara tada kayar baya bayan da dokar wariyar launin fata a shekarar 1947 ta haramta wa kungiyoyin da ke da alaka da kabilanci barazana, lamarin da ke barazana ga zaman lafiya da hadin kan FCWU. an zaɓi Abrahams babban mai sasantawa da Babban Sakatare na FCWU, [6] matsayin da ta riƙe har zuwa 1964. A cikin 1959, ta taimaka wa ma'aikata wajen shirya yaƙin neman zaɓen rage albashin da hukumar Langeberg Ko-operasie ta gudanar a Port Elizabeth . Ta kuma yi kamfen don nuna adawa da aiwatar da dokar yankunan kungiya .

Shugabancin Abrahams FCWU ya kasance mai jajircewa ga ƙungiyar da kuma goyon bayan gwagwarmayar yaƙi da wariyar launin fata, wanda a ƙarshe ya kai ta shiga jam'iyyar Colored People's Congress (CPC). [5] Ta kuma shiga Tarayyar Matan Afirka ta Kudu (FEDSAW), [7] [5] ta zama mamba mai zartarwa.

Ayyukanta na siyasa sun sa Abrahams dakatarwar shekaru biyar daga ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin Dokar hana gurguzu a watan Agusta 1964, [2] kuma ta shafe lokacin dakatarwar a cikin gidan kurkuku kuma ta kasa shiga masana'anta. Duk da korar da aka yi mata, Abrahams ya ci gaba da aiki da kungiyar tare da taimaka wa ’yan’uwa kamar Elizabeth Mafekeng da Archie Sibeko, wadanda dukansu suka fuskanci gudun hijira. [8] A cikin 1979, Abrahams ya shirya yajin aikin Fattis da Monis a Bellville, wanda ya dade na tsawon watanni.

A cikin 1983, Abrahams ya shiga cikin wani mummunan hatsarin mota kuma ya shafe kwanaki 14 a Asibitin Malmesbury. Ta yi ritaya daga masana'antar 'ya'yan itace da kungiyar a cikin 1985, bayan raunin da ya samu ya yi mata yawa. [2]

A ranar 13 ga Yuni 1986, an sake tsare Abrahams kuma ana tsare da shi ba tare da shari'a ba, na tsawon watanni uku. a Paarl sannan a kurkukun Pollsmoor, Cape Town . [2]

Daga baya rayuwa

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Bayan raunin da ta samu da yin ritaya, Abrahams ta ci gaba da taimaka wa Hukumar Abinci da Allied Workers Union (FAWU) tare da kungiyar ma'aikatan gona a reshen Nooder Paarl da Pniel . Ta kuma ba da goyon baya da ba da shawara ga matasa masu shirya taron [2] [page needed] kuma ya tuntubi wasu kungiyoyi kamar Majalisar Daliban Afirka ta Kudu kan batutuwan da suka shafi wariyar jinsi, wariyar launin fata da dabarun tsara ƙungiyoyi.

A shekarar 1990, an zabe ta a matsayin shugabar rikon kwarya ta jam'iyyar Paarl African National Congress (ANC). [3] Sauran mukaman jagoranci sun biyo baya yayin da ta kasance mataimakiyar shugabar kungiyar mata ta ANC kuma mamba a jam'iyyar gurguzu ta Afirka ta Kudu . A cikin 1995, ta zama memba na Majalisar Dokokin Afirka ta Kudu ta farko ta dimokiradiyya, tana aiki har zuwa 2000. [9]

A cikin 2005, Jami'ar Western Cape ta buga tarihin rayuwar Abrahams Married to the Struggle don bikin cikarta shekaru 80 da haihuwa. [2]

An ba Abrahams lambar yabo ta Baobab mai ba da shawara a cikin tagulla daga shugaban Afirka ta Kudu Thabo Mbeki a 2002. [2]

An ba da 'Yancin Girmama na Karamar Hukumar Drakenstein ga Abrahams a cikin 2005. [3]

FAWU ta ba ta lambar yabo ta Elijah Barayi a Congress of African Trade Unions (COSATU) National Congress a 2007. [2]

Jami'ar Western Cape ta kuma ba Abrahams lambar girmamawa ta Doctorate a cikin Kasuwanci a 2007. [6]

Abrahams ta mutu a gidanta a Paarl a ranar 17 Disamba 2008 tana da shekara 83, [9] dangi da abokai kewaye da su.

  1. Patel, Yusuf and Hirschsohn, Philip (2005). "Nanna" Liz Abrahams tells her Life Story. UWC & Diana Ferrus Publishers. ISBN 0-620-34984-0.
  2. 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 "Elizabeth Adriana (Nanna) Abrahams". South African History Online. Retrieved 2025-03-15. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Liz Abrahams honoured". Paarl Post. 3 November 2011. Retrieved 2025-03-16. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":5" defined multiple times with different content
  4. Berger, Iris (1990). "GENDER, RACE, AND POLITICAL EMPOWERMENT:: South African Canning Workers, 1940-1960". Gender & Society (in Turanci). 4 (3): 398–420. doi:10.1177/089124390004003008. ISSN 0891-2432.
  5. 5.0 5.1 5.2 Snyders, Hendrik (2020-05-05). ""Of bread, freedom and preventing 'food pandemics'" – Oscar Mpetha and Liz Abrahams and the early struggle of South African food and canning workers". National Museum Publications (in Turanci). Retrieved 2025-03-15. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":2" defined multiple times with different content
  6. 6.0 6.1 "Elizabeth Abrahams - South African Women Activists Celebrated". southafrica.co.za. Retrieved 2025-03-15. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":3" defined multiple times with different content
  7. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :1
  8. Sibeko, Archie (1996). Freedom in Our Lifetime. Durban: Indicator Press, University of Natal. ISBN 9781868402106.
  9. 9.0 9.1 "Veteran ANC rights activist Elizabeth Abrahams dies". The Mail & Guardian (in Turanci). 2008-12-18. Retrieved 2025-03-15. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":4" defined multiple times with different content