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Lokacin kaka

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Autumn, wanda aka fi sani da faɗuwa a Turanci na Arewacin Amurka, [1] yana ɗaya daga cikin lokutan yanayi huɗu a Duniya. A waje da wurare masu zafi, kaka yana nuna canji daga bazara zuwa hunturu, farawa a watan Satumba (Northern Hemisphere) ko Maris (Southern Hemispher). lokacin rana shine lokacin da tsawon rana ya zama ɗan gajeren lokaci kuma zafin jiki yana sanyaya sosai. Tsawon rana yana raguwa kuma tsawon dare yana ƙaruwa yayin da lokacin ke ci gaba har zuwa lokacin sanyi a watan Disamba (Northern Hemisphere) da Yuni (Southern Hemispher). Ɗaya daga cikin manyan fasalulluka a cikin Yanayin yanayi shine canji mai ban sha'awa a cikin launi na ganyen bishiyoyi masu laushi yayin da suke Shirya don zubar.

Ma'anar kwanan wata

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A cikin ƙasashe mafi girma a Arewacin Hemisphere, kaka ta al'ada tana farawa da Equinox na Satumba (21 zuwa 24 Satumba) kuma tana ƙare da solstice na hunturu (21 ko 22 Disamba). [2]  A Amurka, Ranar Ma'aikata (Litinin farko a watan Satumba) galibi ana bi da ita ba bisa ka'ida ba a matsayin ƙarshen bazara da farkon kaka; wasu al'adun bazara, kamar sanya fari, ana iya watsi da su bayan wannan ranar. Yayin da yanayin rana da na dare ke raguwa, bishiyoyi suna canza launi sannan su zubar da ganye.[3]

A karkashin tsarin hasken rana na gargajiya na Gabashin Asiya, kaka yana farawa a ranar 8 ga watan Agusta kuma ya ƙare a ranar 7 ga Nuwamba. A Ireland, watanni na kaka bisa ga sabis na yanayin ƙasa Met Éireann sune Satumba, Oktoba, da Nuwamba.[4] Koyaya, bisa ga Kalandar Irish, wanda ya dogara da al'adun Gaelic na dā, kaka yana cikin watanni na Agusta, Satumba, da Oktoba, ko kuma watakila 'yan kwanaki daga baya, dangane da al'ada. A cikin Harshen Irish, Satumba an san shi da Meán Roland ('tsakiyar kaka') da Oktoba a matsayin Deireadh Roland ('ƙarshen kaka'). [5] [6] Marigayi masanin Jamhuriyar Roma Marcus Terentius Varro ya bayyana kaka kamar yadda ya kasance daga rana ta uku kafin Ides na Sextilis (11 ga Agusta) zuwa rana ta biyar kafin Ides of November (9 ga Nuwamba).

Magana

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Kalmar kaka (/ˈɔːtəm/ i) an samo ta ne daga Latin autumnus, archaic auctumnus, mai yiwuwa daga tsohuwar tushen Etruscan autu--, wanda ke da ma'anar wucewar shekara. Sauran kalmomin sun da Proto-Indo-Turai: *h3ewá- (' ') ko **h₂sows-- (' bushe').


Kafin karni na 16, duba.-linkid="550" href="./Harvest" id="mwsA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Harvest">girbi shine kalmar da aka saba amfani da ita don komawa ga lokacin, kamar yadda ya zama ruwan dare a wasu yarukan Yammacin Jamus har zuwa yau (cf. Dutch herfst, German Herbst, da Scots hairst). Koyaya, yayin da mutane da yawa suka ƙaura daga aiki a ƙasar zuwa zama a cikin garuruwa, kalmar girbi ta rasa ma'anar ta ga lokacin shekara kuma ta zo ta koma ne kawai ga ainihin aikin girbi, kuma kaka, da faɗuwa, sun fara maye gurbin ta a matsayin ma'anar lokacin.


A cikin karni na 17, mazauna Ingila sun fara ƙaura zuwa sabbin yankuna na Arewacin Amurka, kuma sun ɗauki harshen Ingilishi tare da su. Duk da yake kalmar ta fadi a hankali ta zama kusan tsoho a Burtaniya, ta zama kalmar da aka fi sani da ita a Arewacin Amurka.[7]

Sunan baya, sunan da aka saba amfani da shi don kaka a Arewacin Ingila, a yau an maye gurbinsa da sunan kaka.

Haɗin kai

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Girbi

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Haɗin kai tare da sauyawa daga yanayin zafi zuwa yanayin sanyi, da kuma matsayinsa mai alaƙa da shi a matsayin lokacin girbi na farko, ya mamaye jigoginsa da shahararrun hotuna. Al'adu da yawa suna nuna bukukuwan girbi na kaka, sau da yawa mafi mahimmanci a kalandar su.

Har yanzu ana samun alamun waɗannan bukukuwan a cikin hutun godiya na kaka na Amurka da Kanada, da kuma hutun Sukkot na Yahudawa tare da tushensa a matsayin bikin girbi na wata na "tabernacles" (yana rayuwa a cikin gidaje na waje a lokacin girbi). Har ila yau, akwai bukukuwan da yawa da 'Yan asalin Amurka ke yi bikin da ke da alaƙa da girbi na abinci mai tsayi da aka tattara a cikin daji, bikin Mid-Autumn na kasar Sin, wanda aka fi sani da bikin wata, da sauransu da yawa. Babban yanayin waɗannan bukukuwan kaka shine farin ciki ga 'ya'yan itatuwa na duniya da aka gauraya da wani baƙin ciki da ke da alaƙa da zuwan yanayi mai tsanani.

An gabatar da wannan ra'ayi a cikin waka ta Turanci mai suna John Keats To Autumn, inda ya bayyana lokacin a matsayin lokacin haihuwa mai yawa, lokacin "mai amfani sosai".

A Arewacin Amurka, yayin da ake girbe yawancin abinci a lokacin kaka, abincin da ke da alaƙa da lokacin sun haɗa da kabewa (waɗanda ke da mahimmanci na godiya da Halloween) da apples, waɗanda ake amfani da su don yin abin sha na apple cider.

Melancholia

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Jesień ('Autumn') - Hoton mai na Józef Chełmoński (1875) wanda ke gabatar da ra'ayi na musamman na kaka a cikin ƙauyen Poland na ƙarni na 19ƙauyuka

Lokacin kaka, musamman a cikin shayari, sau da yawa ana danganta shi da melancholia. Hanyoyi da damar lokacin rani sun tafi, kuma sanyi na hunturu yana kan sararin samaniya. Skies ya zama launin toka, yawan hasken rana mai amfani yana sauka da sauri, kuma mutane da yawa suna juyawa ciki, a jiki da tunani. An kira shi lokacin rashin lafiya.[8]

Ana iya samun irin wannan misalai a cikin waka ta Irish <span about="#mwt118" class="nowrap" data-cx="[{&quot;adapted&quot;:true,&quot;partial&quot;:false,&quot;targetExists&quot;:true,&quot;mandatoryTargetParams&quot;:[],&quot;optionalTargetParams&quot;:[]}]" data-mw="{&quot;parts&quot;:[{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Nowrap&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;./Samfuri:Nowrap&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;W. B.&quot;}},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwAQ8" typeof="mw:Transclusion">W. B.</span> Yeats mai suna The Wild Swans at Coole inda lokacin balaga da mawaki ya lura da alama yana wakiltar kansa tsufa. Kamar duniyar halitta da yake kallo, shi ma ya kai ga mafi girma kuma yanzu dole ne ya yi tsammanin tsufa da mutuwa. Mawallafin Faransanci Paul Verlaine na "Chanson d'automne" ('Autumn Song') yana da karfi, jin zafi na baƙin ciki. Keats's To Autumn, wanda aka rubuta a watan Satumbar 1819, ya nuna wannan ma'anar tunani na baƙin ciki amma kuma ya jaddada yawan lokacin. Waƙar "Autumn Leaves", wanda ya samo asali ne daga waƙar Faransanci "Les Feuilles mortes" (lit. 'Dead Leaves'), yana amfani da yanayin bakin ciki na kakar da ƙarshen bazara a matsayin kwatanci don yanayin rabuwa da ƙaunatacce.[9]

Halloween

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People dressed as various undead creatures dance in unison at night on a cordoned-off street
Bikin Halloween na shekara-shekara na Greenwich Village a Lower Manhattan shine mafi girman bikin Halloween a duniya, tare da miliyoyin masu kallo a kowace shekara, kuma yana da tushensa a cikin al'ummar New York City.

A cikin arewacin arewacin kaka yana da alaƙa da Halloween (wanda Samhain ya rinjayi, bikin kaka na Celtic), [10] kuma tare da shi kamfen ɗin tallace-tallace da ke inganta shi. Mutanen Celtic sun kuma yi amfani da wannan lokacin don yin bikin girbi tare da lokacin biki. A lokaci guda duk da haka, bikin mutuwa ne. An girbe amfanin gona, an yanka dabbobi, kuma hunturu yana zuwa.[11]

Halloween, 31 ga Oktoba, yana cikin kaka a arewacin arewa. Talabijin, fim, littafi, kayan ado, kayan ado na gida, da kasuwancin kayan kwalliya suna amfani da wannan lokacin na shekara don inganta samfuran da ke da alaƙa da irin wannan hutu, tare da gabatarwa daga ƙarshen Agusta ko farkon Satumba zuwa 31 ga Oktoba, tunda jigoginsu suna rasa ƙarfi da sauri da zarar hutun ya ƙare, kuma tallace-tallace ya fara mai da hankali kan Kirsimeti.

A kudancin kudancin Halloween yana faruwa a lokacin bazara.

Sauran ƙungiyoyi

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A bright autumn day with a vanishing point along a pavement
Launi na kaka a wurin shakatawa na Kalevanpuisto a Pori, Finland.

A wasu sassan arewacin arewa, kaka yana da kyakkyawar alaƙa da ƙarshen hutun bazara da farkon sabuwar shekara ta makaranta, musamman ga yara a makarantar firamare da sakandare. Tallace-tallace da shirye-shiryen "Back to School" yawanci suna faruwa a cikin makonni da ke kaiwa ga farkon kaka.

Ranar godiya hutu ce ta kasa da ake yi a Kanada, a Amurka, a wasu tsibirai na Caribbean, da kuma Laberiya. Ana yin bikin godiya a ranar Litinin na biyu na Oktoba a Kanada, a ranar Alhamis na huɗu na Nuwamba a Amurka (inda aka fi la'akari da shi a matsayin farkon Kirsimeti da lokacin hutu), kuma a kusa da wannan ɓangaren shekara a wasu wurare. Irin wannan bukukuwan bukukuwan suna faruwa a Jamus da Japan.[12][13]

Tashoshin talabijin da cibiyoyin sadarwa, musamman a Arewacin Amurka, a al'adance suna fara lokutan su na yau da kullun a cikin kaka, tare da sabbin jerin da sabbin abubuwan da suka faru na jerin da suka fara fitowa mafi yawa a ƙarshen Satumba ko farkon Oktoba (jerin da suka fara a waje da lokacin kaka galibi ana kiransu maye gurbin tsakiyar kakar). Lokaci na sweeps yana faruwa a watan Nuwamba don auna Nielsen Ratings.

Ana buga Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka kusan kawai a cikin watanni na kaka; a matakin makarantar sakandare, lokutan suna gudana daga ƙarshen Agusta zuwa farkon Nuwamba, tare da wasu wasannin playoff da gasa na hutu ana buga su har zuwa ƙarshen godiya. A jihohin Amurka da yawa, ana gudanar da wasannin zakarun a farkon watan Disamba. Lokacin Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji na yau da kullun yana gudana daga Satumba zuwa Nuwamba, yayin da babban zagaye na kwararru, Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Kasa, ke taka leda daga Satumba har zuwa farkon Janairu.

Wasanni na bazara, irin su kwallon kafa (a Arewacin Amurka, Gabashin Asiya da Afirka ta Kudu), Kwallon ƙafa na Kanada, tseren mota, wasan tennis, golf, wasan kurket, da ƙwallon baseball na ƙwararru, sun rufe lokutan su a farkon zuwa ƙarshen kaka; Gasar Baseball ta Duniya ta Major League an san ta da "Fall Classic". (Yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙasa yawanci ana gama shi a watan Agusta.) Hakanan, wasanni masu sana'a na hunturu, kamar hockey da kwando, da kuma yawancin wasannin ƙwallon kwando a Turai, suna cikin farkon lokutan su a lokacin kaka; Kungiyar Kwando na kwaleji Amurka da kwalejin hockey a waje da tarurrukan su na wasanni a ƙarshen kaka kafin jadawalin taron su fara a cikin hunturu.

Ana gudanar da bukukuwan addini na Kirista na Ranar Dukkanin Masu Tsarki da Ranar Duk Rayuka a cikin kaka a Arewacin Arewa. Easter ya fadi a cikin kaka a kudancin hemisphere.

Bikin na duniya na Ranar Ma'aikata ta Duniya kuma ya fadi a cikin kaka a kudancin kudancin.

Tun daga shekara ta 1997, Autumn ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan sunayen 100 na 'yan mata a Amurka.

Mutanen Iran suna murna da farkon kaka a lokacin bikin Persian-language romanization" typeof="mw:Transclusion">Mehregan (Persian). Indiyawa suna murna da farkon kaka a lokacin bukukuwan Vijayadashami da Diwali.

A cikin tatsuniyoyin Indiya, ana ɗaukar kaka a matsayin lokacin da aka fi so ga allahiya na ilmantarwa Saraswati, wanda aka fi sani da sunan "allahn kaka" (Sharada).

A cikin mysticism na Asiya, Autumn yana da alaƙa da ɓangaren ƙarfe, kuma daga baya tare da launin fari, White Tiger na Yamma, da mutuwa da makoki.

Yawon shakatawa

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A lakeside view of an autumnal forest; the lake is so still the clouds and forest can be seen reflected in it
Nuna launuka na kaka a kan Tafkin Eden, Vermont, Amurka

Kodayake canjin launi a cikin ganye yana faruwa a duk inda ake samun bishiyoyi masu laushi, ana lura da ganye masu launi a yankuna daban-daban na duniya: mafi yawan Arewacin Amurka, Gabashin Asiya (ciki har da China, Koriya, da Japan), Turai, kudu maso gabas, kudu, da kuma wani ɓangare na tsakiyar yammacin Brazil, [14] [15] gandun daji na Patagonia, gabashin Australia da Tsibirin Kudancin New Zealand.

Gabashin Kanada da New England sun shahara ne saboda ganyayensu na kaka, [16] kuma wannan yana jan hankalin manyan yawon bude ido (da biliyoyin daloli na Amurka) ga yankuna. [17]

Allegories na kaka a cikin fasaha

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Dubi kuma

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  • Lokacin kaka a New England

Manazarta

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  1. ↑ "Fall Definition & Meaning". dictionary.com. Archived from the original on 6 March 2023.
  2. ↑ "The First Day of Winter: Winter Solstice 2018". Old Farmer's Almanac. 10 September 2025.
  3. ↑ Arnold, Kathy (11 October 2010). "Travel". Fall in North America: autumn colour in New England and beyond. Retrieved 15 October 2015.
  4. ↑ "The Weather of Autumn 2007 (September, October & November summary)" (PDF). Met Éireann – The Irish Meteorological Service Online. 3 December 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 December 2010. Retrieved 10 October 2012.
  5. ↑ O'Connell, Hugh (28 June 2011). "Summer, it's literally not what it used to be". The Daily Edge.
  6. ↑ "Autumn in Ireland – Everest Language School". 10 October 2016.
  7. ↑ "Is It 'Autumn' or 'Fall'?". Merriam Webster. Retrieved 23 September 2019.
  8. ↑ D'Alembert, Jean Le Rond (2013) [1751]. Holtrop, Ellen (ed.). "Autumn". The Encyclopedia of Diderot & d'Alembert Collaborative Translation Project. Michigan Publishing. Retrieved 31 March 2015.
  9. ↑ "The Original "Autumn Leaves"". 19 September 2017. Archived from the original on 9 February 2019. Retrieved 8 September 2018.
  10. ↑ "Halloween". Encarta. Microsoft. Archived from the original on 28 October 2009. Retrieved 20 June 2007.
  11. ↑ "Halloween and the Autumn season | Arlington Heights Museum – News". www.ahmuseum.org. Archived from the original on 2021-04-20. Retrieved 2021-09-13.
  12. ↑ "Labor Day in Japan". Retrieved 10 July 2026.
  13. ↑ "Erntedank , Germany's Thanksgiving Holiday". Retrieved 10 July 2026.
  14. ↑ "Lugares para curtir o outono no Brasil que você precisa conhecer". Guiche Virtual (in Harshen Potugis). 2018-04-21. Retrieved 2020-11-05.
  15. ↑ Turismo, iG (2020-03-18). "8 destinos nacionais para você visitar durante o outono – Destinos Nacionais – iG". Turismo (in Harshen Potugis). Retrieved 2020-11-05.
  16. ↑ "Nova Scotia Capitalizes on Fall Tourism | Government of Nova Scotia". Gov.ns.ca. 21 September 1999. Retrieved 2010-03-06.
  17. ↑ Shir Haberman. "Leaf peepers storm N.H., Maine". SeacoastOnline.com. Archived from the original on 14 September 2010. Retrieved 2010-03-06.
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