Lokacin yau
 lokacin yau | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | time of day (en)  |
| Bangare na | rana |
| Ta biyo baya | Q97379151 da civil twilight (en) |
| Has characteristic (en) | yini |
| Hannun riga da | dare |
Rana ita ce lokacin da rana take sama da sararin samaniya a wani wuri da aka bayar. Wani lokaci ana kiransa " rana ". A lokacin rana, ana haskaka wani yanki ta hanyar hasken rana, hadewar hasken rana kai tsaye da kuma haske daga sama kai tsaye . A kowane lokaci, kusan rabin Duniya tana fuskantar Rana kuma tana fuskantar rana. Tsawon rana ya bambanta dangane da latitude da canje-canje a cikin shekara, yayin da Duniya ke zagayawa a kusa da Rana. Sauran duniyoyi da tauraron dan adam na halitta waɗanda ke juyawa dangane da jiki mai haske kamar tauraro na gida suma suna fuskantar rana, amma wannan labarin ya fi magana ne game da rana a Duniya.
Halaye
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kimanin rabin Duniya Rana tana haskakawa a kowane lokaci, amma saboda yanayi da sauran tasirin da ke fadada isa ga haske a kaikaice, yankin duniyar da haske kai tsaye ko a kaikaice ya rufe ya kai rabin saman. [1]
Bangaren Duniya mai kusan- hemisphere yana fuskantar rana a kowace lokaci nan take yana canzawa akai-akai yayin da duniyar ke juyawa akan axis ɗinta. Axis na juyawar Duniya ba ya daidaita da sararin zagayenta da ke kewaye da Rana (wanda yake daidai da alkiblar hasken rana), don haka tsawon lokacin rana ya bambanta daga wuri ɗaya a duniya zuwa wani. [2] Bugu da ƙari, tunda axis na juyawa yana da daidaito idan aka kwatanta da taurari, yana motsawa dangane da Rana yayin da duniya ke kewaya tauraron. Wannan yana haifar da bambance-bambancen yanayi a tsawon lokacin rana a mafi yawan wurare a saman duniya.
Lokacin rana daga mahangar mai lura da saman duniya ana bayyana shi a matsayin lokacin da ke tsakanin fitowar rana, lokacin da juyawar Duniya zuwa gabas da farko ke sa faifain Rana ya bayyana a sama da sararin samaniya, zuwa faɗuwar rana, lokacin da ci gaba da juyawar Duniya ke sa faifain Rana ya ɓace a ƙarƙashin sararin samaniya zuwa yamma. Saboda Rana faifan haske ne kamar yadda ake gani daga Duniya, maimakon tushen haske, fitowar rana da faɗuwar rana ba su faruwa nan take kuma ainihin ma'anar duka biyun na iya bambanta dangane da mahallin. Bugu da ƙari, yanayin Duniya yana ƙara lanƙwasawa da watsa haske daga Rana kuma yana tsawaita lokacin fitowar rana da faɗuwar rana. [3] Na wani lokaci bayan faɗuwar rana da kuma kafin fitowar rana, haske daga Rana yana haskaka sararin samaniya a Duniya; wannan lokacin galibi ana kiransa faɗuwar rana .
Bambancin tsawon rana tare da latitude da yanayi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Tsawon lokacin rana ko tsawon lokacin rana shine lokacin da ya wuce tsakanin farkon da ƙarshen lokacin rana. Ganin cewa axis na juyawar Duniya yana karkata 23.44° zuwa layin da ke daidai da saman duniyarta, wanda ake kira ecliptic, tsawon lokacin rana ya bambanta da yanayi a saman duniyar, ya danganta da latitude na mai lura. [4] Yankunan da suka karkata zuwa ga Rana suna fuskantar lokacin rani . [2] Karkatar da suke yi zuwa ga Rana yana haifar da fiye da rabin yini ganin hasken rana da yanayin zafi mai zafi, saboda yawan hasken rana kai tsaye, tsawon lokacin rana da kanta, da kuma ƙarancin shan hasken rana a cikin sararin samaniya . Duk da cewa ƙaruwar hasken rana na iya yin tasiri ga yanayin zafi mafi girma a lokacin rani, yawancin ƙaruwar zafin jiki yana faruwa ne sakamakon hasken rana kai tsaye, ba ƙaruwar hasken rana ba. [5] Kusurwoyin da ke sama (kusurwoyin da ke kusa da zenith ) na Rana suna sa wurare masu zafi su yi ɗumi, yayin da ƙananan kusurwoyin (da kyar suke sama da sararin sama) ke sa yankunan polar su yi sanyi. Ana iya ganin ƙaramin tasirin hasken rana akan matsakaicin zafin yanayi tare da sandunan da yankunan zafi. Sandunan har yanzu suna da sanyi a lokacin bazara, duk da ganin awanni 24 na hasken rana tsawon watanni shida, yayin da Equator ke ci gaba da kasancewa mai ɗumi a duk shekara, tare da awanni 12 kacal na hasken rana a kowace rana.
Duk da cewa tsawon rana a Equator ya kasance awanni 12 a duk yanayi, tsawon lokacin da ake yi a duk sauran wurare ya bambanta dangane da yanayi. A lokacin hunturu, rana tana ɗaukar lokaci kaɗan fiye da awanni 12; a lokacin bazara, tana ɗaukar lokaci fiye da awanni 12. Lokacin hunturu na arewa da lokacin rani na kudu sun yarda, yayin da lokacin rani na arewa da lokacin hunturu na kudu suka yarda.
A Equator
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A Equator, lokacin rana koyaushe yana ɗaukar kimanin awanni 12, ba tare da la'akari da yanayi ba. [6] Kamar yadda aka gani daga Equator, Rana koyaushe tana fitowa kuma tana faɗuwa a tsaye, tana bin wata hanya da take kusa da sararin sama .
Daga daidai lokacin Maris zuwa daidai lokacin Satumba, Rana tana fitowa tsakanin digiri 23.44 a arewa da gabas, kuma tana faɗuwa tsakanin digiri 23.44 a arewa da yamma. Daga daidaiwar watan Satumba zuwa daidaiwar watan Maris, Rana tana fitowa tsakanin digiri 23.44 a kudu maso gabas kuma tana faɗuwa tsakanin digiri 23.44 a kudu maso yamma. Hanyar Rana ta ta'allaka ne gaba ɗaya a cikin rabin arewacin sararin samaniya daga daidai lokacin Maris zuwa daidai lokacin Satumba, amma tana nan gaba ɗaya a cikin rabin kudancin sararin samaniya daga daidai lokacin Satumba zuwa daidai lokacin Maris. A kan equinoxes, Rana ta Equatorial tana ƙarewa a zenith, tana wucewa kai tsaye a sama da rana tsaka .
Gaskiyar cewa Rana ta tsakiya koyaushe tana kusa da tsakiyar rana a lokacin rana tsakar rana ya bayyana dalilin da yasa yankin wurare masu zafi ya ƙunshi yankuna mafi ɗumi a duniya baki ɗaya. Bugu da ƙari, Equator yana ganin fitowar rana ko faɗuwar rana mafi guntu saboda hanyar Rana a sararin sama kusan ta yi daidai da sararin sama. A kan equinoxes, faifan hasken rana yana ɗaukar mintuna biyu kacal don ratsa sararin sama (daga sama zuwa ƙasa lokacin fitowar rana da kuma daga ƙasa zuwa sama lokacin faɗuwar rana). [6]
A cikin wurare masu zafi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Yankunan zafi suna mamaye yankin saman Duniya tsakanin 23.44° arewa da 23.44° kudu da Equator . A cikin wannan yanki, Rana za ta ratsa kai tsaye (ko kuma ta ƙare ) aƙalla kwana ɗaya a shekara. Layin arewa mai tsawon 23.44° ana kiransa da Tropic of Cancer, domin lokacin da aka sanya masa suna, Rana ta wuce sama a wannan wuri a lokacin shekara lokacin da take kusa da taurarin Cancer. Layin da ya yi daidai da latitude na kudu ana kiransa Tropic of Capricorn, saboda dalilai makamantan haka. Rana tana shiga kuma tana barin kowace tauraruwar taurari ta zodiac kaɗan daga baya kowace shekara a ƙimar kusan kwana 1 a kowace shekara 72. Don ƙarin bayani, duba precession of the equinoxes .
A wurare masu zafi, rana tana tashi kai tsaye a saman teku sau ɗaya kawai a shekara, a lokacin da rana ta yi daidai. A wurare masu kusanci da Equator da kuma Equator kanta, zai yi sama sau biyu a shekara (a kan equinoxes idan aka kwatanta da Equator), wanda zai haifar da Lahaina Noon ko sifili ranar inuwa . A wajen yankunan zafi, Rana ba ta taɓa wucewa kai tsaye a sama ba.
A kusa da sandunan
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A kewayen sandunan, waɗanda suka yi daidai da tsarin juyawa na Duniya yayin da take ratsa saman, bambancin yanayi a tsawon rana yana da matuƙar tsanani. A gaskiya ma, a cikin nisan 23.44° na sandunan, za a sami aƙalla wasu kwanaki a kowace shekara waɗanda rana ba za ta taɓa shiga ƙasa da sararin sama ba. Akwai kuma kwanaki da Rana ba za ta taɓa fitowa sama da sararin sama ba. Wannan adadin zai yi ƙasa da haka, amma kusa da adadin kwanakin da ake samu a lokacin bazara inda rana ba ta faɗi ba (misali fitowar rana yawanci kwanaki ne kafin lokacin bazara kuma ta wuce kwanaki kaɗan bayan lokacin kaka). Wannan lamari na hasken rana fiye da dare ba wai kawai yana faruwa ne a kan sandunan ba. A gaskiya ma, a kowane lokaci kusan rabin duniya yana cikin hasken rana. Ana kiran hasken rana na tsawon awanni 24 a lokacin bazara da rana ta tsakar dare wadda ta shahara a wasu ƙasashen arewa. A arewa, Arctic Circle tana nuna wannan iyaka ta 23.44°. A kudu, Da'irar Antarctic tana nuna iyaka. Waɗannan iyakoki sun yi daidai da 66.56° arewa ko kudu latitude, bi da bi. Domin har yanzu sararin samaniya yana da haske kuma ba a iya ganin taurari lokacin da rana take ƙasa da digiri 6 a ƙarƙashin sararin sama ba, dare na awanni 24 tare da taurari a bayyane a kowane lokaci suna faruwa ne kawai bayan 72°34' arewa ko kudu latitude. [7]
A tsakiyar latitudes
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A tsakiyar latitudes, nesa da Equator da sandunan, bambance-bambancen tsawon rana suna da matsakaici. A cikin manyan wurare na tsakiya inda Montreal, Paris da Ushuaia suke, bambancin tsawon yini daga bazara zuwa hunturu na iya zama abin lura sosai: sararin samaniya har yanzu yana iya haskakawa da ƙarfe 10 na dare a lokacin rani, amma yana iya zama duhu da ƙarfe 5 na yamma a lokacin hunturu. A ƙananan latitudes na tsakiya inda kudancin California, Masar da Afirka ta Kudu suke, bambancin yanayi ya yi ƙanƙanta, amma har yanzu yana haifar da kusan sa'o'i 4 na bambancin hasken rana tsakanin hunturu da lokacin bazara. Bambancin yana raguwa sosai idan aka kusanci mai kusanci da ...[ana buƙatar hujja] Ana iya samun kimanin canjin wata-wata daga ƙa'idar sha biyu . [8]
Bambance-bambance a cikin hasken rana tsakar rana
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Daidai lokacin da rana ke faɗuwa a lokacin da rana ke kai kololuwarta a sararin sama, ya bambanta dangane da yanayi. Ana ƙididdige wannan bambancin ta hanyar lissafin lokaci ; [9] girman bambancin yana kimanin mintuna 30 a cikin shekara guda.
Duba kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Lokacin adana hasken rana
- Kusufin Rana
- Daidaitowar fitowar rana
- Tsawon lokacin hasken rana
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "Climate and Earth's Energy Budget". earthobservatory.nasa.gov (in Turanci). 14 January 2009. Retrieved 9 July 2025.
- 1 2 "What Causes the Seasons?". weather.gov. National Weather Service. Retrieved 26 October 2025.
- ↑ "The Seasons (Equinoxes and Solstices)". weather.gov. National Weather Service. Retrieved 26 October 2025.
- ↑ Williams, Matthew (27 July 2016). "What is Earth's Axial Tilt?". Universe Today. Retrieved 26 October 2025.
- ↑ "Angle of Solar Radiation and Temperature". Climate Science Investigations. Florida Atlantic University. 3 April 2023. Retrieved 26 October 2025.
- 1 2 Atitwa, Sundra Chelsea (24 May 2018). "How Long Is a Day at the Equator?". WorldAtlas. Retrieved 26 October 2025.
- ↑ Illsley, C.L. (9 October 2018). "How Many Types Of Polar Nights Are There?". WorldAtlas. Retrieved 26 October 2025.
- ↑ McAdam, Marcus (14 November 2019). "The Rule of Twelfths". Mc2Photography.com. Retrieved 11 March 2021.
The same Rule of Twelfths can be applied to the duration of the days.
- ↑ "The Equation of Time". U.S. Navy Astronomical Applications Department. Retrieved 26 October 2025.