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Luang Prabang

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.

Luang Prabang (Lao), wanda aka fi sani da Xieng Thong kuma an rubuta shi Luang Phabang ko Louangphabang, shi ne babban birnin Lardin Luang Prabang a arewa maso tsakiyar Laos. Sunansa, ma'ana "Royal Buddha Image," ya samo asali ne daga Phra Bang, wani mutum-mutumi wanda ke nuna ikon mallakar Lao. An sanya shi a matsayin Gidan Tarihin Duniya na UNESCO a cikin 1995, an san birnin don haɗakar gine-ginen gargajiya na Lao, gine-ginan mulkin mallaka na Turai, da kuma sama da temples na Buddha 30. Yankin da aka kare ya ƙunshi 33 daga cikin ƙauyuka 58, inda bukukuwan yau da kullun kamar bikin bayar da sadaka na safe ke ci gaba.[1]

Tarihi

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Masarautun birni na Dvaravati

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A karni na 6 a cikin kwarin kogin Chao Phraya, mutanen Mon sun haɗu don ƙirƙirar masarautun Dvavati. A arewa, Haripunjaya (Lamphun) ya fito a matsayin mai adawa da Dvaravati. A karni na 8 Mon ya tura arewa don ƙirƙirar jihohi a Fa Daet (Kalasin na zamani, arewa maso gabashin Thailand); Sri Gotapura (Sikhottabong) kusa da Tha Khek na zamani, Laos; Muang Sua (Luang Prabang); da Chantaburi (Vientiane). A cikin karni na 8 AD, Sri Gotapura (Sikhhottabong) ta sarrafa kasuwanci a cikin tsakiyar Mekong. Jihohin birnin sun gabatar da addinin Buddah na Therevada daga mishan na Sri Lanka a duk yankin[2][3][4] :6,7[5]

Ra'ayi na Luang Prabang, 1897

Xieng Dong Xieng Thong ya fuskanci wani lokaci na Khmer suzerainty a karkashin Jayavarman VII daga 1185 zuwa 1191. A cikin 1238 wani bore na cikin gida a yankin Khmer na Sukhothai ya kori sarakunan Khmer. Xieng Dong Xieng Thong a shekara ta 1353 ya zama babban birnin masarautar Lan Xang. A cikin 1359 Sarkin Khmer na Angkor ya ba da Phra Bang ga surukinsa, sarkin Lang Xang na farko Fa Ngum (1353–1373); don ba da haƙƙin addinin Buddha duka ga mulkin Fa Ngum da kuma ta hanyar fadada ikon mallakar Laos kuma an yi amfani da shi don yada addinin Buddha Theravada a cikin sabuwar masarauta. An canza sunan babban birnin zuwa Luangphabang, inda aka ajiye shi, ana kiransa da hoton Buddha.   225–226  Sojojin Vietnam sun mamaye Luang Prabang a lokacin balaguron da sarki Lê Thánh Tông ya yi a 1478–1480 akan Lan Xang da Lanna.[2].

Kasuwanci a Luang Prabang, kafin 1901

A cikin 1707, Lan Xang ya rushe saboda gwagwarmayar daular kuma Luang Prabang ya zama babban birnin mulkin Luang Phrabang mai zaman kansa. Lokacin da Faransa ta mamaye Laos, Faransanci sun amince da Luang Prabang a matsayin gidan sarauta na Laos. A ƙarshe, mai mulkin Luang Prabang ya zama daidai da shugaban Laos. Lokacin da Laos ta sami 'yancin kai, sarkin Luang Prabang, Sisavang Vong, ya zama shugaban jihar Masarautar Laos.[6]

Lalacewar da aka samu ta hanyar harin kwaminisanci a filin jirgin saman Luang Prabang, 1967

Garin ya kasance wurin abubuwan da suka faru a lokacin da kuma bayan yakin duniya na biyu kuma kasashen waje sun mamaye shi a lokacin yakin (Vichy Faransa, Thailand, Imperial Japan, Free France, da Nationalist China). Da farko Vichy Faransanci sun mallaki birnin kuma sun rasa shi ga sojojin Thai bayan yakin Franco-Thai na 1940-1941. A ranar 9 ga Maris 1945, wata kungiya mai kishin kasa ta ayyana Laos da 'yanci, tare da Luang Prabang a matsayin babban birninta kuma a ranar 7 ga Afrilu 1945 2 battalions na sojojin Japan sun mamaye birnin. Jafananci sun yi ƙoƙari su tilasta Sisavang Vong (Sarkin Luang Prabang) ya ayyana 'yancin Laotian kuma a ranar 8 ga Afrilu ya ayyana ƙarshen matsayin Laos a matsayin mai kare Faransa. Sarki ya aika Yarima Kindavong a asirce don wakiltar Laos ga sojojin Allied da Sisavang Vatthana a matsayin wakilin Jafananci.[7] Bayan mika wuya ga Japan ga Allies, an tura sojojin Faransa masu 'yanci don sake mamaye Laos kuma sun shiga Luang Prabang a ranar 25 ga watan Agusta, a wannan lokacin Sarki ya tabbatar wa Faransanci cewa Laos ya kasance mai kare mulkin mallaka na Faransa.[7] A watan Satumba sojojin kasar Sin sun isa don karɓar mika wuya ga sauran sojojin Japan kuma sun fara sayen amfanin opium na Laotian.[7]

Yaƙin basasar Laos

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A watan Afrilu da Mayu 1946, Faransanci sun yi ƙoƙari su sake kwace Laos ta hanyar amfani da paratroops don sake kwace Vientiane da Luang Prabang kuma su kori Fetsarath da ministocin Lao Issara daga Laos zuwa Thailand da Vietnam. A lokacin Yaƙin Indochina na farko, sojojin Viet Minh da Pathet Lao sun yi ƙoƙari su kama birnin wasu lokuta a cikin 1953 da 1954, kuma sojojin Faransa sun dakatar da su kafin su isa gare ta.

Jirgin ruwa da masu tafiya a cikin fareti na Sabuwar Shekara ta Lao a Luang Prabang

Daga cikin wuraren yawon shakatawa na halitta akwai Kuang Si Falls, Tat Sae Waterfalls, da Pak Ou Caves. Ana ba da hawan giwaye a wasu shafuka. Phou Si, a tsakiyar garin, yana da ra'ayoyi game da tsarin garin da kogin. A karshen babban titin Luang Prabang wata kasuwa ce ta dare inda rumfuna ke sayar da riguna, mundaye, da sauran kayayyakin tarihi. Gidan kayan tarihi na gidan sarauta na Haw Kham da haikalin Wat Xieng Thong na daga cikin wuraren tarihi. Garin, musamman babban titi, yana cike da ƙananan wats kamar Wat Hosian Voravihane. A kowace safiya da fitowar rana, sufaye suna tafiya cikin jerin gwano a kan tituna suna karbar sadaka da mazauna yankin suke yi. A cikin hawan dutse, mutane suna kewaya garin ko zuwa magudanan ruwa don yin wannan rana. A cikin kogin Mekong, wani jirgin ruwa na mintuna 15 daga tsakiyar gari, Ban Chan (ƙauyen tukwane)] wani wuri ne.

Abincin abinci

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O-lam, abinci a Luang Prabang

Abincin cikin gida sun haɗa da: Ko lam (O-lam, abincin da aka fi so na mutanen Luang Prabang), Luang Pra Bang sausage, mokpa (kifi mai tururi), da Kaipen da aka yi daga Mekong River moss (wanda aka dafa) tare da sanannen Luang Praang's Jeow Bong . [8]

Sufuri

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Fayil:Luang-Prabang-International-Airport-2017.jpg
Filin jirgin saman Luang Prabang

Iska

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Birnin yana aiki ne daga Filin jirgin saman Luang Prabang.

Luang Prabang tana aiki da Hanyar 13, wanda ke haɗawa da Vang Vieng da Vientiane zuwa kudu, da kuma Boten a arewa. An shimfiɗa hanya. Tun daga shekara ta 2014, sabuwar hanya ta haɗa Kasi (kusa da Vang Vieng) zuwa Luang Prabang, tana ba da damar yin tafiya a cikin kimanin awanni 3 (idan aka kwatanta da awanni 5 ta hanyar Hanyar 13). Buses na yau da kullun suna gudana daga Vientiane zuwa Luang Prabang, suna ɗaukar awanni 11-13.[9]

Buses a kai a kai suna tafiya a hanya na awanni 14-16.[9]

Jirgin ƙasa

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Farawa Disamba 2021, Boten_railway" id="mw9w" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Vientiane–Boten railway">Hanyar jirgin kasa ta Vientiane-Boten ce ke ba da sabis ga Luang Prabang. Jirgin ƙasa ya yi daidai da Hanyar 13, kuma yana aiki a matsayin babbar hanyar jirgin ƙasa ta farko ta arewa maso kudu ta Laos, daga Boten a kan iyakar kasar Sin a arewa zuwa Vientiane a kudu. Cikakken tafiyar yana ɗaukar ƙasa da awanni 3 ta jirgin ƙasa maimakon kwanaki 3 ta hanya.[10][11]

Ilimi

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Akwai makarantar kasa da kasa ta Faransa a cikin birni, École francophone de Luang Prabang . [12]

Yanayi

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Dubi kuma

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View from Phou si summit facing south-east
  1. ↑ "Town of Luang Prabang – Map" (in Turanci). UNESCO. Archived from the original on 21 June 2016. Retrieved 15 June 2016.
  2. ↑ Maha Sila Viravond. "HISTORY OF LAOS" (PDF). Refugee Educators' Network. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 April 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2017.
  3. ↑ M.L. Manich. "HISTORY OF LAOS (including the history of Lonnathai, Chiangmai)" (PDF). Refugee Educators' Network. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 October 2021. Retrieved 29 December 2017.
  4. ↑ Phra Thep Rattanamoli (1976). "The That Phanom chronicle : a shrine history and its interpretation". Archived from the original on 10 March 2022. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
  5. ↑ "The Mon and Khmer Kingdoms". 31 March 2015. Archived from the original on 24 September 2021. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
  6. ↑ "Promoting Conservation through ICT: Luang Prabang". Archived from the original on 12 March 2016. Retrieved 4 April 2016.
  7. 1 2 3 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named A Country Study: Laos
  8. ↑ "Lao Food". Sabaidee Laos. Tourism Marketing Department Lao PDR. Archived from the original on 5 September 2015. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  9. 1 2 Luang Prabang Error in Webarchive template: Empty url..
  10. ↑ "The Laos–China Railway Project". laotiantimes.com. Vientiane Times. 28 February 2018. Archived from the original on 5 November 2018. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
  11. ↑ Janssen, Peter (18 August 2018). "China train project runs roughshod over Laos". www.atimes.com. Asia Times. Archived from the original on 13 October 2021. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
  12. ↑ "École francophone de Luang Prabang". AEFE. Archived from the original on 16 June 2023. Retrieved 2023-06-16.
  13. ↑ "unk". Earth Times. Archived from the original on 6 March 2020. Retrieved 7 June 2020.
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