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Lucy Chester Parke

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Lucy Chester Parke
Rayuwa
Cikakken suna Lucy Chester
Haihuwa St. John's (en) Fassara, ga Janairu, 1709
ƙasa British Leeward Islands (en) Fassara
Harshen uwa Turanci
Mutuwa Antigua (mul) Fassara, Nuwamba, 1770
Ƴan uwa
Mahaifi Daniel Parke
Mahaifiya Jane Ludwell
Abokiyar zama William Byrd II (en) Fassara
Yara
Ahali Frances Parke Custis (en) Fassara
Ƴan uwa
Karatu
Harsuna Turanci
Sana'a
Sana'a plantation owner (en) Fassara
Sunan mahaifi Lucy Dunbar Parke

Lucy Chester Parke (Janairu 1709 - Nuwamba 1770) ta kasance 'yar mulkin mallaka ta Antigua ta Burtaniya wacce ta gaji Gambles Plantation daga mahaifinta. Ta sami karbuwa tun tana jaririya saboda rashin halattar ta, amma an ba ta gado a Antigua, wanda ta yi aiki har zuwa mutuwarta. Ta shafe sama da shekaru talatin tana shari'a kan gadonsa da bangaren dangin mahaifinta na Amurka

Rayuwa ta farko

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An haifi Lucy Chester a watan Janairun 1709, a St. John's da ke Antigua, kamar yadda wasiyyar mahaifinta ta rubuta a ranar 29 ga Janairun 1709, [1] ta bayyana cewa jaririya ce da ba a yi mata baftisma ba. Ita 'yar shege ce ga Katharine (wanda aka fi sani da Catharine) Chester, matar Edward Chester, wani ɗan kasuwa mai tasiri, wanda shi ne babban kamfanin Royal African Company kuma memba na Majalisar Antigua da masoyinta, Daniel Parke, gwamnan Tsibirin Leeward na Burtaniya . [2] An gano Katharine da Parke, lokacin da Edward ya shigo ɗaya daga cikin zaman soyayyarsu. Ya yi ƙoƙarin yanke dangantaka da matarsa ya kuma kore ta daga gida, amma Parke ya yi masa barazana da takobi. An tilasta masa ya mayar da matarsa mai zina ya tallafa mata, Edward ya ƙara yin lalata, lokacin da wasiyyar Parke ba wai kawai ta mai da ɗan Katharine magajinsa ba, har ma ta dage cewa ta ɗauki sunan mahaifiyarsa ta ɗauki sunan mahaifinsa don ta gaje shi. [2] Lokacin da aka kashe Parke a ranar 7 ga Disamba 1710, [3] [4] cikakkun bayanai game da wasiyyarsa sun jawo hankali ga yaron. [2]

Ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka lura da Lucy Chester shine Charles Dunbar, babban mai bincike na hukumar kwastam ta sarauniyar tsibirin Leeward. [5] [5] [6] Dunbar mutum ne mara kyau, wanda ke yaudarar wasu don ribar kuɗinsa. [5] [6] Ya ƙirƙiro wata dabara ta auri ɗan uwansa, Thomas Dunbar, ga Chester da fatan zai iya samun damar mallakar dukiyarta. [5] Mahaifiyar Chester Katharine ta mutu a shekara ta 1715, lokacin da Chester ke da shekaru shida kuma yaron ya ɗauki sunan Parke kafin aurenta. [7] Cikin shekaru biyar, Lucy Chester Parke ta auri Thomas Dunbar a ranar 10 ga Disamba 1720, wanda ya canza sunansa zuwa Dunbar Parke. [5] [8] [9]

Gado da jayayya

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An tabbatar da wasiyyar Parke a ranar 15 ga Mayu 1711, inda ya bar dukkan kadarorinsa a tsibiran Leeward guda huɗu ga Lucy Chester, idan ta tsira har ta kai ga rinjayenta ta karɓi sunan mahaifi, ta amfani da rigarsa. Ya bar wa 'ya'yansa mata na gaskiya, Frances Custis da Lucy Byrd duk kadarorinsa da ke Virginia da Ingila, waɗanda za a ba wa 'ya'yansu, muddin sun ci gaba da amfani da sunan mahaifi. Idan Chester bai tsira ba, ko kuma ya ƙi karɓar sunansa, kasonta na kadarorin Parke zai koma ga mahaifiyarta. [4] A ƙarƙashin sharuɗɗan wasiyyar, Frances Parke ita ce babbar mai cin gajiyar dukiyar kuma an umarce ta da ta biya manyan basussukan da Parke ta samu a lokacin rayuwarsa. [10] Frances Parke ta auri John Custis, [4] kuma don cika sharuɗɗan wasiyyar, ma'auratan sun nemi a ɗauki matakin doka a shekara ta 1712 don karya wannan doka, don su iya sayar da wani ɓangare na kadarorin don biyan basussukan mahaifinta. [11] Frances Parke ta mutu sakamakon cutar kuraje a ranar 14 ga Maris 1715, ta bar magadanta, Frances Parke Custis da Daniel Parke Custis, [10] mijin farko na Martha Washington . [11]

Lucy Parke ta auri William Byrd II, [4] wadda ta yarda ta karɓi bashin kadarorin Parke don musanya ƙasar da bayin da aka bari ga Frances Parke. [11] [12] Lucy Parke Byrd ta mutu sakamakon cutar kuturta a ranar 18 ga Disamba, 1716, [4] ta bar magajinta ɗaya tilo, Wilhelmina Byrd, wadda ta auri Thomas Chamberlayne. [1] Lucy Chester Dunbar Parke ta mallaki kadarorin da Gambles Plantation na Tsibirin Leeward a 1723. [7] Bayan ta karɓi magajin, Dunbar Parke ta nemi John Custis ya biya basussukan da ke Tsibirin Leeward daga cikin kadarorin Virginia da Ingila. [1] [11] [13] Custis ya ƙi kuma Dunbar Parkes ya shigar da ƙara a Kotun Chancery ta Virginia. [1] [11] Custis ya sake kin biyan kuɗi yana mai dagewa cewa 'ya'yan halal guda biyu na Parke su ne matarsa da ta mutu da kuma surukarsa da ta mutu [1] kuma manufar Daniel Parke tabbas ita ce magada na halal su biya bashin da ke Virginia da Ingila kawai. [8] Thomas Dunbar Parke ya mutu a shekara ta 1734 [1] kuma bayan haka, masu aiwatar da shari'ar suka ci gaba da shari'ar, waɗanda suka haɗa da Charles Dunbar. [13]

manazarta

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Oliver 1909–1919.
  2. 1 2 3 Smith 1998.
  3. ↑ Webb 2013.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 Withington 1912.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 Foster 2011.
  6. 1 2 Oliver 1894.
  7. 1 2 Zacek 2010.
  8. 1 2 Custis 2005.
  9. ↑ Oliver 1896.
  10. 1 2 Yates & Lee 2003.
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 Bearss 2014.
  12. ↑ Long & Quitt 2016.
  13. 1 2 Washburne 2006.
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