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Macfarlane Burnet

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Macfarlane Burnet
Rayuwa
Haihuwa Traralgon (mul) Fassara, 3 Satumba 1899
ƙasa Asturaliya
Mazauni Canterbury (en) Fassara
Mutuwa Melbourne, 31 ga Augusta, 1985
Yanayin mutuwa Sababi na ainihi (sankara)
Karatu
Makaranta University of Melbourne (en) Fassara
University of London (en) Fassara
Matakin karatu Doctor of Medicine (en) Fassara
Doctor of Philosophy (en) Fassara
Thesis director John Ledingham (en) Fassara
Harsuna Turanci
Sana'a
Sana'a immunologist (en) Fassara, virologist (en) Fassara, likita, chemist (en) Fassara da researcher (en) Fassara
Employers University of Melbourne (en) Fassara
Kyaututtuka
Mamba The Royal Society (mul) Fassara
Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (en) Fassara
Australian Academy of Science (mul) Fassara
American Academy of Arts and Sciences (en) Fassara
American Philosophical Society (mul) Fassara
American Association for the Advancement of Science (en) Fassara
National Academy of Sciences (en) Fassara
Digiri knight (en) Fassara

Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet Samfuri:Post-nominals [1] (3 Satumba 1899 - 31 Agusta 1985 ), wanda aka fi sani da Macfarlane ko Mac Burnet, ƙwararren masanin ƙwayoyin cuta ne na Australiya wanda aka san shi da gudummawarsa ga ilimin rigakafi. Ya lashe kyautar Nobel a shekarar 1960 saboda hasashen juriyar garkuwar jiki. Ya kuma haɓaka ka'idar zaɓin clonal.

Burnet ya sami digirin Doctor of Medicine daga Jami'ar Melbourne a shekarar 1924, sannan ya sami digirin PhD daga Jami'ar London a shekarar 1928. Ya ci gaba da gudanar da bincike na farko a fannin ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma rigakafi a Cibiyar Binciken Lafiya ta Walter da Eliza Hall da ke Melbourne, kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan Cibiyar daga 1944 zuwa 1965. Daga 1965 har zuwa lokacin da ya yi ritaya a 1978, Burnet ya yi aiki a Jami'ar Melbourne. A tsawon aikinsa, ya taka rawa sosai wajen haɓaka manufofin jama'a ga kimiyyar likitanci a Ostiraliya kuma ya kasance memba na kafa Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Ostiraliya (AAS), kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin shugabanta daga 1965 zuwa 1969.

Manyan nasarorin da Burnet ya samu a fannin ilmin ƙwayoyin cuta sun haɗa da gano abubuwan da ke haifar da zazzabin Q-fever da psittacosis ; ƙirƙirar gwaje-gwaje don ware, al'ada da gano ƙwayar cutar mura ; bayyana haɗakar nau'ikan mura; nuna cewa ƙwayar cuta ta myxomatosis ba ta haifar da cututtuka a cikin mutane. Hanyoyin zamani na samar da alluran rigakafin mura har yanzu suna dogara ne akan aikin Burnet na inganta hanyoyin haɓaka ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ƙwai na kaza.

Saboda gudunmawar da ya bayar ga kimiyyar Australiya, Burnet ya zama gwarzon ɗan ƙasar Australiya na farko a shekarar 1960, [2] kuma a shekarar 1978 ya zama jarumin ƙungiyar 'yan wasa ta Ostiraliya. An karrama shi a duk duniya saboda nasarorin da ya samu: baya ga kyautar Nobel, ya sami kyautar Lasker da lambar yabo ta Royal da Copley daga ƙungiyar Royal Society, digirin girmamawa, da kuma kyaututtukan hidima na musamman daga ƙungiyar Commonwealth of Nations da Japan.

Frank Macfarlane Burnet tare da matarsa da 'ya'ya mata a Stockholm a shekarar 1960
An sanya wa Coxiella burnetii, wanda ke haifar da zazzabin Q, suna ne bayan Burnet. [ 53 ]
Burnet yana aiki a dakin gwaje-gwaje a shekarar 1945
Peter Colman, Jami'in CSIRO a Sashen Sinadarin Sunadaran Protein, yana nuna samfurin furotin mura (neuraminidase) ga Frank Macfarlane Burnet
Zaɓin Clonal (1) Ƙwayar halittar jini tana fuskantar bambance-bambance da sake fasalin kwayoyin halitta don samar da (2) ƙwayoyin lymphocytes marasa girma tare da masu karɓar antigen daban-daban. Waɗanda ke ɗaure ga (3) antigens daga kyallen jikinsu suna lalacewa, yayin da sauran suka girma zuwa (4) lymphocytes marasa aiki. Yawancin waɗannan ba za su taɓa haɗuwa da antigen na waje ba, amma waɗanda ke aiki suna kunnawa kuma suna samar da (6) ƙwayoyin cuta da yawa na kansu.
  1. Fenner, F. J. (1987). "Frank Macfarlane Burnet. 3 September 1899-31 August 1985". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 33: 100–126. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1987.0005. JSTOR 769948. PMID 11621432.
  2. Samfuri:Cite AuDB