Madrasa na Abu al-Hasan

Madrasa of Abu al-Hasan
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Wuri
Salé, Morocco
Coordinates	34°02′23″N 6°49′38″W
Heritage

madrasa na Abu al-Hasan, wanda kuma ake kira Marinid Madrasa (na Salé) , madrasa ce ta zamani da ke cikin tsohon birnin Salé, Morocco . An gina shi a cikin karni na 14 ta Marinid sultan Abu al-Hasan kusa da Babban Masallacin Salé kuma sananne ne ga kayan ado masu arziki.

Tarihi

A cewar wani rubutu a kan katako na katako na ƙofar, ginin madrasa ya fara ne a cikin 1332-1333 bisa umarnin sultan na Marinid Abu al-Hasan (r. 1331-1348), wanda kuma ke da alhakin kafa wasu madrasas da addinai da yawa a cikin mulkinsa.[1][2] An kammala ginin a cikin 1341-1342, kamar yadda aka rubuta ta hanyar rubutun tushe da aka sassaƙa a kan tambarin marmara a arewa maso yammacin farfajiyar.[1] An gina madrasa don taimakawa ci gaba da bunkasa Babban Masallacin Salé da ke kusa da shi a matsayin mai da hankali ga rayuwar addini da ilimi a cikin birni.[2]

Gine-gine

Ana shiga madrasa ta hanyar ƙofar dutse mai ban sha'awa tare da ƙofar ƙofar dawakai. Wannan ƙofar tana kaiwa ga ƙaramin farfajiyar, daga inda matakala a gefen ke kaiwa ga bene na sama. Bayan farfajiyar, mutum yana shiga gefe a cikin kusurwar farfajilar tsakiya, wanda ke auna kimanin mita 8 da 5. An shimfiɗa farfajiyar da zane-zane na Zellij, yana da ƙaramin maɓuɓɓugar ruwa, kuma an kewaye shi da wani gallery da aka yi wa ado da katako da katako, wanda ke goyan bayan ginshiƙan masonry. Yankin da ke tsakanin ginshiƙan gallery da bangon waje na farfajiyar an rufe su da rufin katako da aka zana a cikin Tsarin tauraron lissafi. An mayar da wani sashi na waɗannan rufin zuwa kusan launuka na asali. Dukan ginin, kamar Grand Mosque da ke kusa, an daidaita shi ko kuma an daidaita shi da qibla (jagoran addu'a) na lokacin (watau kusan kudu maso gabas). Dangane da haka, a ƙarshen farfajiyar akwai babban ɗakin addu'a na rectangular wanda mihrab ke kewaye da shimfidar shimfidar wuri da windows. Gidan ya kasu kashi uku ta hanyar arches a kowane bangare na mihrab kuma an rufe shi da ƙarin rufin katako. Gidan bene na sama yana cike da ɗakunan ɗalibai da wuraren zama. Ba kamar sauran madrasas na wannan nau'in ba, ɗakunan ɗalibai a saman bene biyu ba su da windows da ke kallon cikin farfajiyar.

Wataƙila ma fiye da sauran madrasas na Marinid, wannan ginin yana nuna kamanceceniya da fasahar Nasrid da gine-gine kamar fadar Alhambra), yana tabbatar da ƙamus na fasaha tsakanin yankuna biyu. Kayan ado ya kunshi zane-zane na Zellij wanda ke rufe bene da ƙananan ganuwar, yana canzawa zuwa kayan ado na stucco da aka sassaka a sama, kuma an rufe shi da katako na itacen al'ul da katako a sama. Dukkanin itace da stucco an sassaƙa su da kayan ado na calligraphic kuma tare da bambancin repertoire na geometric, arabesque, da furanni / kayan lambu. An kafa wani bangare na marmara mai siffar rectangular da aka sassaka tare da rubutun tushe na ginin a cikin bangon arewa maso yammacin farfajiyar (a gaban mihrab da ɗakin addu'a).

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  The entrance portal of the madrasa
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  The courtyard of the madrasa, looking northwest
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  The courtyard and fountain of the madrasa, looking southeast towards the mihrab
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  Stucco and wood carvings on one of the lateral galleries of the courtyard
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  A restored painted wooden ceiling under one of the courtyard galleries
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  The mihrab of the prayer room
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  The student cells on the upper floor

Haɗin waje

• Hotuna na Abu al-Hasan Madrasa a Manar al-Athar kayan adana hoto na dijital