Mai ba da rahoto na musamman na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya

Christof Heyns, tsohon mai ba da rahoto na musamman kan kisan kai, taƙaitaccen, ko kisan kai da kuma Maina Kiai, tsohon mai bayar da rahoto ta musamman kan haƙƙin 'yancin zaman lafiya da haɗin kai (a shekarar 2015).

Taron Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya yana faruwa a cikin Gidan Kare Hakkin dan Adam da Alliance of Civilizations na Fadar Al'ummai, Geneva.

Mai ba da rahoto na musamman (ko gwani mai zaman kansa) shine taken da aka ba masana haƙƙin ɗan adam masu zaman kansu waɗanda Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UN) ta kira ƙwarewarsu don bayar da rahoto ko ba da shawara game da haƙƙin ɗan ƙasa daga hangen nesa ko takamaiman ƙasa.

Dangane da takamaiman umarni, akwai kuma ƙungiyoyin aiki waɗanda suka haɗa da ƙwararren mai zaman kansa daga kowane ɗayan ƙungiyoyin yanki biyar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya: Afirka, Asiya, Latin Amurka da Caribbean, Gabashin Turai, da ƙungiyar Yamma. Ayyukansu sun fada cikin ikon "hanyar musamman" a karkashin Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, kuma gudummawar su na iya inganta haƙƙin ɗan adam ta hanyar ayyuka iri-iri, gami da, amma ba'a iyakance su don inganta damar gyarawa ba, sake fasalin manufofi, haɓaka haƙƙin ɗan Adam, da kuma yin aiki don hanawa ko dakatar da keta haƙƙin ɗanɗano.

Umurnin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta yi shi ne "bincike, saka idanu, ba da shawara, da kuma bayar da rahoto a fili" game da matsalolin haƙƙin ɗan adam ta hanyar "ayyukan da aka gudanar ta hanyar hanyoyin musamman, gami da amsawa ga korafe-korafe na mutum, ayyukan tunani da magudi ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarai da ilimi, gudanar da karatu, ba da shawarwari game da hadin gwiwar fasaha a matakin ƙasa, da shiga cikin ayyukan ingantawa gaba ɗaya"

Ikon nadawa

Kwamitin Kare Hakkin Dan Adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ne ya nada su, waɗannan masu riƙe da umarni suna aiki da kansu daga gwamnatoci kuma saboda haka suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen saka idanu kan kasashe masu zaman kansu da gwamnatoci da manufofi da aka zaba ta hanyar dimokuradiyya. Na farko irin wannan nadin shi ne 1980 Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances mayar da martani ga Hukumar kan 'Yancin Dan Adam Resolution 20 (XXXVI). Mai ba da rahoto na musamman na farko, wanda ke da alhakin saka idanu kan kisan kai, taƙaitaccen kisan kai ko na wucin gadi, ya fara aiki a shekara ta 1982 biyo bayan amincewar Hukumar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta shekarar 1982/35.  

Masu ba da rahoto ba sa karɓar diyya ta kuɗi don aikinsu daga Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, kodayake suna karɓar ma'aikata da tallafin da aka tsara daga Ofishin Babban Kwamishinan 'Yancin Dan Adam na Majalisar Dinkinobho kuma galibi ana tallafa musu da kungiyoyi masu agaji da kamfanoni.

Kowace shekara, masu ba da rahoto suna taruwa don taron shekara-shekara a Geneva, inda suke tattauna batutuwan da suka shafi kowa, daidaita ayyukansu kuma su hadu da masu ruwa da tsaki da dama, gami da Jihohi da kungiyoyin farar hula.

Matsayi

Masu bayar da rahoto na musamman galibi suna gudanar da ayyukan bincike na gaskiya ga ƙasashe don bincika zarge-zargen keta haƙƙin ɗan adam. Za su iya ziyartar ƙasashen da suka amince da gayyatar su ne kawai. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida]

Baya ga ayyukan bincike na gaskiya, masu ba da rahoto a kai a kai suna tantancewa da tabbatar da korafe-korafe daga wadanda ake zargi da keta haƙƙin ɗan adam. Da zarar an tabbatar da korafin a matsayin halal, ana aika wasika ta gaggawa ko roko ga gwamnatin da ake zargin ta aikata laifin. Idan ba a yi korafi ba, masu ba da rahoto na iya shiga tsakani a madadin mutane da kungiyoyin mutane da kansu.

Ana nada masu ba da rahoto na musamman don yin aiki na shekaru uku; bayan haka za a iya tsawaita wa'adin su na wasu shekaru uku. Ana nada masu ba da rahoto na musamman na ƙasa don yin aiki na shekara guda; ana iya sabunta wa'adin su kowace shekara. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida]

In June 2006, the United Nations Human Rights Council, which replaced the UN Commission on Human Rights, extended the mandates of all special rapporteurs by one year to enable it to conduct a review of the mandates and seek ways of strengthening their roles. However, special rapporteurs for countries which did not approve a special rapporteur came under question and the mandates of the special rapporteurs for Cuba and Belarus were not renewed.

Sauran rikice-rikice tsakanin masu ba da rahoto na musamman da majalisa sun haɗa da gabatar da ka'idar halayyar da ta fara hana masu ba da rahoton na musamman yin magana da kafofin watsa labarai. Koyaya an cimma matsaya kuma yanzu akwai ka'idar halayyar ga masu ba da rahoto na musamman. Kwanan nan, an kuma yi tambaya game da kudade na masu ba da rahoto na musamman, yayin da masu ba da rahoton na musamman da yawa suka bayyana cewa jami'o'i da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo masu zaman kansu sun ba da gudummawa. Gidauniyar Ford da Gidauniyoyin Open Society misali sun ba da tallafin kuɗi da kayan aiki ga takamaiman masu ba da rahoto, wanda zai iya yin tambaya game da 'yancin aikin su. Bugu da ƙari, 52 daga cikin masu riƙe da umarni a 222 tun daga Shekara ta 2010 suna aiki, ko kuma sun yi aiki a cikin Open Society Foundations ko wata kungiya mai zaman kanta da Open Society ko Ford Foundation ke tallafawa. The Open Society Foundations ya yarda a bayyane cewa yana so ya rinjayi mai ba da rahoto na musamman a cikin tallafin da aka ba Cibiyar Jagorancin Mata ta Duniya a cikin Shekara ta 2017.

A cewar masu ba da rahoto na musamman da kansu, wannan halin yana da kyau saboda rashin hanyoyin da OHCHR ta bayar. Takamaiman kudade na wasu umarni yana haifar da rashin daidaito tsakanin su: yayin da wasu ke gwagwarmaya don biyan kuɗin aiki, wasu suna iya shirya tarurruka a duk faɗin duniya don inganta ayyukansu.

Takaddun jigogi na yanzu da kuma dokokin ƙasa

Hanyoyi na Musamman na Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam a halin yanzu suna kula da takamaiman takardun kasa 45 da 13 wanda zai iya sanya masu ba da rahoto na musamman, masana masu zaman kansu, da kungiyoyin aiki.

Title	Mandate established / last extended	Current mandate holder(s)	Next expected appointment	Former mandate holder(s)
Thematic Mandates (45)
Working Group of Experts on People of African Descent	2002 (CHR res. 2002/68) / 2020 (HRC res. 45/24)	Dominique Day (United States of America), appointed at HRC39 (September 2018)	Member from WEOG States: HRC57 (September 2024)	Marie-Evelyne Petrus (France), 2017–2018 Mireille Fanon Mendès-France (France), 2011–2017 Linos-Alexandre Sicilianos (Greece), 2009–2011 Joe Frans (Sweden), 2002–2009
		Catherine S. Namakula (Uganda), appointed at HRC46 (March 2021)	Member from African States: HRC64 (March 2027)	Sabelo Gumedze (South Africa), 2014–2021 Maya Sahli (Algeria), 2008–2014 Peter Lesa Kasanda (Zambia), 2002–2008
		Miriam Ekiudoko (Hungary), appointed at HRC47 (June 2021)	Member from EEG States: HRC65 (June 2027)	Michal Balcerzak (Poland), 2014–2021 Mirjana Najćevska (The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia), 2008–2014 Irina Moroianu-Zlatescu (Romania), 2002–2008
		Bina D'Costa (Bangladesh), appointed 2023	Member from AP States: HRC65 (June 2027)	Sushil Raj (India), 2021–2023 Ricardo III Sunga (Philippines), 2014–2021 Monorama Biswas (Bangladesh), 2008–2014 George Nicolas Jabbour (Syrian Arab Republic), 2002–2008
		Barbara G. Reynolds, appointed at HRC48 (September 2021)	Member from GRULAC States: HRC66 (September 2027)	Ahmed Reid (Jamaica), 2015–2021 Verene Shepard (Jamaica), 2010–2015 Ralston Milton Nettleford (Jamaica), 2008–2010 Roberto Borges Martins (Brazil), 2002–2008
Independent Expert on the enjoyment of human rights of persons with albinism	2015 (HRC res. 28/6)/ 2020 (HRC res. 46/12)	Muluka-Anne Miti-Drummond (Zambia), appointed at HRC47 (June 2021)	HRC65 (June 2027)	Ikponwosa Ero (Nigeria), 2015–2021
Working Group on Arbitrary Detention	1991 (CHR res. 1991/42) / 2019 (HRC res. 42/22)	Elina Steinerte (Latvia), appointed at HRC33 (September 2016)	Member from EEG States: HRC51 (September 2022)	Vladimir Tochilovsky (Ukraine), March 2010 – October 2016 Aslan Abashidze (Russian Federation), 2008–2010 Tamas Ban (Hungary), 2001–2008 Petr Uhl (Czech Republic), 1992–2001
		Mumba Malilia (Zambia), appointed at HRC45 (September 2020)	Member from African States: HRC63 (September 2026)	Sètondji Roland Jean-Baptiste ADJOVI (Benin), 2014–2020 Malick El Hadji Sow (Senegal), 2008–2014 Leila Zerrougui (Algeria), 2001–2008 Laity Kama (Senegal), 1992–2001
		Miriam Estrada-Castillo (Ecuador), appointed at HRC45 (September 2020)	Member from GRULAC States: HRC63 (September 2026)	José Guevara (Mexico), 2014–2020 Roberto Garretón (Chile), 2008–2014 Soledad Villagra de Biedermann (Paraguay), 2002–2008 Roberto Garretón (Chile), 1992–2002
		Priya Gopalan (Malaysia), appointed at HRC46 (March 2021)	Member from AP States: HRC64 (March 2027)	Seong-Phil Hong (Republic of Korea), 2014–2021 Shaheen Sardar Ali (Pakistan), 2008–2014 Seyyed Mahammad Hashemi (Islamic Republic of Iran), 2002–2008 Kapil Sibal (India), 1992–2001
		Matthew Gillett (New Zealand), appointed at HRC49 (March 2022)	Member from WEOG States: HRC67 (March 2028)	Leigh Toomey (Australia), 2015–2022 Mads Andenæs (Norway), 2009–2015 Manuela Carmena (Spain), 2004–2009 Louis Joinet (France), 1992–2003
Working Group on the issue of human rights and transnational corporations and other business enterprises	2011 (HRC res. 17/4) / 2020 (HRC res. 44/15)	Pichamon Yeophatong (Thailand), appointed at HRC49 (March 2022)	Member from AP States: HRC67 (March 2028)	Surya Deva (India), 2016–2022 Puvan J. Selvanathan (Malaysia), 2011–2015.
		Vacant	Member from African States: HRC56 (June 2024)	Githu Muigai (Kenya), appointed at HRC38 (June 2018) Michael Addo (Ghana), 2011–2018
		Anita Ramasastry (United States of America), appointed at HRC32 (June 2016)	Member from WEOG States: HRC50 (June 2022)	Margaret Jungk (United States of America), 2011–2016
		Elzbieta Karska (Poland) appointed at HRC38 (June 2018)	Member from EEG States: HRC56 (June 2024)	Pavel Sulyandziga (Russian Federation), 2011–2018
		Fernanda Hopenhaym (Mexico), appointed at HRC48 (September 2021)	Member from GRULAC States: HRC66 (September 2027)	Dante Pesce (Chile), 2015–2021 Alexandra Guáqueta (Colombia), 2011–2015
				John Ruggie (Austria), 2005–2011 (SRSG)
Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of human rights in the context of climate change	2021 (HRC res. 48/14)	Elisa Morgera (Italy), appointed at HRC55 (March 2024)	HRC67 (March 2028)	Ian Fry (Tuvalu), appointed at HRC49 (2022–2023)
Special Rapporteur in the field of cultural rights	2009 (HRC res. 10/23) / 2021 (HRC res. 46/9)	Alexandra Xanthaki (Greece), appointed at HRC48 (September 2021)	HRC66 (September 2027)	Karima Bennoune (United States of America), 2015–2021 Farida Shaheed (Pakistan), 2009–2015
Special Rapporteur on the right to development	2016 ( HRC res. 33/14) / 2019 (HRC res. 42/23)	Surya Deva (India), appointed 2023		Saad Alfarargi (Egypt), 2017–2023
Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities	2014 (HRC res. 26/20) / 2020 (HRC res. 44/10)	Heba Hagrass (Egypt), appointed 2023		Catalina Devandas Aguilar (Costa Rica), 2014–2020 Gerard Quinn (Ireland), 2020–2023
Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances	1980 (CHR res. 20 (XXXVI)) / 2020 (HRC res. 45/3)	Ana Lorena Delgadillo Perez (Mexiko), appointed 2023	Member from GRULAC States: HRC52 (March 2023)	Luciano Hazan (Argentina), 2017–2023 Ariel Dulitzky (Argentina), 2010–2017 Santiago Corcuera Cabezut (Mexico), 2004–2009 Diego García-Sayán (Peru), 1988–2004 Luis Varela Quiros (Costa Rica), 1980–1987
		Aua Baldé (Guinea-Bissau), appointed at HRC45 (September 2020)	Member from African States: HRC63 (September 2026)	Houria Es Slami (Morocco), 2014–2020 Jeremy Sarkin (South Africa), 2008–2014 J'bayo Aekanye (Nigeria), 2000–2008 Jonas Foli (Ghana), 1981–1999 Kwadwo Faka Nyamekye (Ghana), 1980–1981
		Gabriella Citroni (Italy), appointed at HRC47 (June 2021)	Member from WEOG States: HRC65 (June 2027)	Bernard Duhaime (Canada), 2014–2021 Olivier de Frouville (France), 2008–2014 Stephen Toope (Canada), 2002–2008 Manfred Nowak (Austria), 1993–2001 Toine Van Dongen (The Netherlands), 1984–1993 Lord Mark Colville (United Kingdom), 1980–1983
		Angkhana Neelapaijit (Thailand), appointed at HRC49 (March)	Member from AP States: HRC67 (March 2028)	Tae-Ung Baik (Republic of Korea), 2015–2022 Osman EL Hajjé (Lebanon), 2009–2015 Saied Rajaie Khorasani (Islamic Republic of Iran), 2003–2009 Arnuar Zainal Abidin (Malaysia), 2001–2003 Agha Hilaly (Pakistan), 1981–2000 Waleed Sadi (Jordan), 1980–1981 Mohamed Redha Al-Jabiri (Iraq), 1980–1980
		Grażyna Baranowska (Polen), appointed 2022	Member from EEG States: HRC50 (June 2022)	Henrikas Mickevicius (Lithuania), 2015–2022 Jasminka Dzumhur (Bosnia and Herzegovina), 2010–2015 Darko Gottlicher (Croatia), 2004–2009 Ivan Tosevski (The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia), 1980–2003
Special Rapporteur on the right to education	1998 (CHR res. 1998/33) / 2020 (HRC res. 44/3)	Farida Shaheed (Pakistan), appointed 2022	HRC50 (June 2022)	Koumbou Boly Barry (Burkina Faso), 2016–2022 Kishore Singh (India), 2010–2016 Vernor Muñoz Villalobos (Costa Rica), 2004–2010 Katarina Tomasevski (Croatia), 1998–2004
Special Rapporteur on the issue of human rights obligations relating to the enjoyment of a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment	2012 (HRC res. 19/10) / 2021 HRC res. 46/7)	Astrid Puentes Riaño (Columbia), appointed 2024	HRC56 (June 2024)	David Richard Boyd (Canada), 2018–2024 John H. Knox (United States of America), 2012–2018
Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions	1982 (CHR res. 1982/35) / 2020 (HRC res. 44/5)	Morris Tidball-Binz (Chile), appointed at HRC 46 (March 2021)	HRC64 (June 2027)	Agnès Callamard (France), 2016–2021 Christof Heyns (South Africa), 2010–2016 Philip Alston (Australia), 2004–2010 Asma Jahangir (Pakistan), 1998–2004 Bacre Waly Ndiaye (Senegal), 1992–1998 Amos Wako (Kenya), 1982–1992
Special Rapporteur on the right to food	2000 (CHR res. 2000/10) / 2019 (HRC res. 40/7)	Michael Fakhri (Lebanon), appointed at HRC43 (March 2020)	HRC61 (March 2026)	Hilal Elver (Turkey), 2014–2020 Olivier De Schutter (Belgium), 2008–2014 Jean Ziegler (Switzerland), 2000–2008
Independent Expert on the effects of foreign debt and other related international financial obligations of States on the full enjoyment of all human rights, particularly economic, social and cultural rights	2000 (CHR res. 2000/82)) / 2020 (HRC res. 43/10)	Attiya Waris (Kenya), appointed at HRC47 (June 2021)	HRC65 (March 2027)	Yuefen Li (China), 2020–2021 Juan Pablo Bohoslavsky (Argentina), 2014–2020 Cephas Lumina (Zambia), 2008–2014 Bernards Andrew Nyamwaya Mudho (Kenya), 2002–2008 Fantu Cheru (United States of America/Ethiopia), 2000–2002
Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression	1993 (CHR res. 1993/45) / 2020 (HRC res. 43/4)	Irene Khan (Bangladesh), appointed at HRC44 (June 2020)	HRC62 (June 2026)	David Kaye (United States of America), 2014–2020 Frank William La Rue (Guatemala), 2008–2014 Ambeyi Ligabo (Kenya), 2002–2008 Abid Hussain (India), 1993–2002
Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association	2010 (HRC res. 15/21) / 2019 (HRC res. 41/12)	Clément Nyaletsossi Voule (Togo) appointed at HRC37 (March 2018)	HRC55 (March 2024)	Annalisa Ciampi (Italy), 2017 Maina Kiai (Kenya), 2011–2017
Special Rapporteur on the implications for human rights of the environmentally sound management and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes	1995 (CHR res. 1995/81) / 2020 (HRC res. 45/17)	Marcos A. Orellana (Chile), appointed at HRC44 (June 2020)	HRC62 (June 2026)	Baskut Tuncak (Turkey), 2014–2020 Marc Pallemaerts (Belgium), 2012–2014 Călin Georgescu (Romania), 2010–2012 Okechukwu Ibeanu (Nigeria), 2004–2010 Fatma-Zohra Ouhachi-Vesely (Algeria), 1995–2004
Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health	2002 (CHR res. 2002/31) / 2019 (HRC res. 42/16)	Tlaleng Mofokeng (South Africa), appointed at HRC 44 (June 2020)	HRC62 (June 2026)	Dainius Pūras (Lithuania), 2014–2020 Anand Grover (India), 2008–2014 Paul Hunt (New Zealand), 2002–2008
Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living	2000 (CHR res. 2000/9) / 2020 (HRC res. 43/14)	Balakrishnan Rajagopal (United States of America), appointed at HRC43 (March 2020)	HRC61 (March 2026)	Leilani Farha (Canada), 2014–2020 Raquel Rolnik (Brazil), 2008–2014 Miloon Kothari (India), 2000–2008
Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders	2000 (CHR res. 2000/61) / 2020 (HRC res. 43/16)	Mary Lawlor (Ireland), appointed at HRC43 (March 2020)	HRC61 (March 2026)	Michel Forst (France), 2014–2020 Margaret Sekaggya (Uganda), 2008–2014 Hina Jilani (Pakistan), 2000–2008 (SRSG)
Special Rapporteur on the independence of judges and lawyers	1994 (CHR res. 1994/41) / 2020 (HRC res. 44/9)	Margaret Satterthwaite (US), appointed in October 2022		Diego García-Sayán (Peru), 2016–2022 Mónica Pinto (Argentina), 2015–2016. Gabriela Knaul (Brazil), 2009–2015 Leandro Despouy (Argentina), 2003–2009 Param Cumaraswamy (Malaysia), 1994–2003
Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples	2001 (CHR res. 2001/57) / 2019 (HRC res. 42/20)	José Francisco CALÍ TZAY (Guatemala), appointed at HRC43 (March 2020)	HRC61 (March 2026)	Victoria Tauli-Corpuz (Philippines), 2014–2020 James Anaya (United States of America), 2008–2014 Rodolfo Stavenhagen (Mexico), 2001–2008
Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons	2004 (CHR res. 2004/55) / 2022 (HRC res. 50/6)	Paula Gaviria (Colombia), appointed at HRC51 (September 2022)	HRC69 (September 2028)	Cecilia Jimenez-Damary (Philippines), appointed at HRC33 (September 2016) Chaloka Beyani (Zambia), 2010–2016 Walter Kälin (Switzerland), 2004–2010 (SRSG) Francis Deng (Sudan), 1992–2004 (SRSG)
Independent expert on the promotion of a democratic and equitable international order	2011 (HRC res. 18/6) / 2020 (HRC res. 45/4)	George Katrougalos (Greece) since 2024	HRC55 (March 2024)	Livingstone Sewanyana (Uganda), 2018–2024 Alfred-Maurice de Zayas (United States of America), 2012–2018
Independent Expert on human rights and international solidarity	2005 (CHR res. 2005/55) / 2020 (HRC res. 44/11)	Cecilia M. Bailliet (Argentina) since 2023	HRC53 (June 2023)	Obiora C. Okafor (Nigeria), 2017–2023 Virginia Dandan (Philippines), 2011–2017 Rudi Muhammad Rizki (Indonesia), 2005–2011
Special Rapporteur on the elimination of discrimination against persons affected by leprosy and their family members	2017 (HRC res. 35/9) / 2020 (HRC res. 44/6)	Beatriz Miranda Galarza (Ecuador), since 2023		Alice Cruz (Portugal), 2017–2023
Working Group on the use of mercenaries as a means of violating human rights and impeding the exercise of the right of peoples to self-determination	2005 (CHR res. 2005/2) / 2019 (HRC res. 42/9)	Michelle Small (South Africa), since 2024	Member from African States: HRC55 (March 2024)	Chris Kwaja (Nigeria), 2018–2024 Anton Katz (South Africa), 2011–2018 Najat AL-Hajjaji (Libyan Arab Jamahiriya), 2005–2011
		Carlos Alberto Salazar Couto (Peru), appointed at HRC49 (March 2022)	Member from GRULAC States: HRC67 (March 2024)	Lilian Bobea (Dominican Republic) 2018–2022 Patricia Arias (Chile), 2011–2018 Amada Benavides de Perez (Colombia), 2005–2011
		Jovana Jezdimirovic Ranito (Serbia), since 2023	Member from EEG States: HRC55 (March 2024)	Jelena Aparac (Croatia) appointed at HRC37 (2018–2023) Elżbieta Karska (Poland), 2011–2018 Alexander Nikitin (Russian Federation), 2005–2011
		Sorcha MacLeod (United Kingdom), appointed at HRC38 (June 2018)	Member from WEOG States: HRC56 (June 2024)	Gabor Rona (United States of America/Hungary), 2011–2018 José Luis Gomez Del Prado (Spain), 2005–2011
		Ravindran Daniel (India), appointed at HRC45 (September 2020)	Member from AP States: HRC63 (September 2026)	Saeed Mokbil (Yemen), 2014–2020 Faiza Patel (Pakistan), 2010–2014 Shaista Shameem (Fiji), 2005–2010
				Shaista Shameem (Fiji), 2004–2005 (SR) Enrique Bernales Ballesteros (Peru), 1987–2004 (SR)
Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants	1999 (CHR res. 1999/44) / 2020 (HRC res. 43/6)	Gehad Madi (Egypt) since 2023	HRC53 (June 2023)	Felipe González Morales (Chile) 2017–2017 François Crepeau (Canada), 2011–2017 Jorge Bustamante (Mexico), 2005–2011 Gabriela Rodriguez Pizarro (Costa Rica), 1999–2005
Special Rapporteur on minority issues	2005 (CHR res. 2005/79) / 2020 (HRC res. 43/8)	Nicolas Levrat (Switzerland) since 2023	HRC53 (June 2023)	Fernand de Varennes (Canada ) 2017–2023 Rita Izsák-Ndiaye (Hungary), appointed at HRC17 (June 2011) Gay McDougall (United States of America), 2005–2011
Independent Expert on the enjoyment of all human rights by older persons	2013 (HRC res. 24/20) / 2019 (HRC res. 42/12)	Claudia Mahler (Austria), appointed at HRC43 (March 2020)	HRC61 (March 2026)	Rosa Kornfeld-Matte (Chile), 2014–2020
Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights	1998 (CHR res. 1998/25) / 2020 (HRC res. 44/13)	Olivier De Schutter (Belgium), appointed at HRC43 (March 2020)	HRC61 (March 2026)	Philip Alston (Australia), 2014–2020 María Magdalena Sepúlveda Carmona (Chile), 2008–2014 Arjun Kumar Sengupta (India), 2004–2008 Anne-Marie Lizin (Belgium), 1999–2004
Special Rapporteur on the right to privacy	2015 (HRC res. 28/16)/ 2021 (HRC res. 46/6)	Ana Brian Nougreres (Uruguay), appointed at HRC47 (June 2021)	HRC65 (June 2027)	Joseph A. Cannataci (Malta), 2015–2021
Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance	1993 (CHR res. 1993/20) / 2020 (HRC res. 43/36)	Ashwini K. P. (India), since 2022	HRC54 (September 2023)	E. Tendayi Achiume (Zambia), 2017–2022 Mutuma Ruteere (Kenya), 2011–2017 Githu Muigai (Kenya), 2008–2011 Doudou Diène (Senegal), 2002–2008 Maurice Glele-Ahanhanzo (Benin), 1993–2002
Special Rapporteur on freedom of religion or belief	1986 (CHR res. 1986/20) / 2019 (HRC res. 40/10)	Ahmed Shaheed (Maldives), appointed at HRC32 (June 2016)	HRC50 (June 2022)	Heiner Bielefeldt (Germany), August 2010 – October 2016 Asma Jahangir (Pakistan), 2004–2010 Abdelfattah Amor (Tunisia), 1993–2004 Angelo D'Almeida Ribeiro (Portugal), 1986–1993
Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material	1990 (CHR res. 1990/68) / 2020 (HRC res. 43/22)	Mama Fatima Singhateh (Gambia), appointed at HRC43 (March 2020)	HRC61 (March 2026)	Maud de Boer-Buquicchio (the Netherlands), 2014–2020 Najat Maalla M'jid (Morocco), 2008–2014 Juan Miguel Petit (Uruguay), 2001–2008 Ofelia Calcetas-Santos (Philippines), 1994–2001 Vitit Muntarbhorn (Thailand), 1991–1994
Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity	2016 (HRC res. 32/2) / 2019 (HRC res. 41/18)	Graeme Reid (South Africa), since 2023	HRC54 (September 2023)	Victor Madrigal-Borloz (Costa Rica), 2017–2023 Vitit Muntarbhorn (Thailand), 2016–2017
Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of slavery, including its causes and its consequences	2007 (HRC res. 6/14) / 2019 HRC res. 42/10)	Tomoya Obokata (Japan), appointed at HRC43 (March 2020)	HRC61 (March 2026)	Urmila Bhoola (South Africa), 2014–2020 Gulnara Shahinian (Armenia), 2008–2014
Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms while countering terrorism	2005 (CHR res. 2005/80) / 2019 (HRC res. 40/16)	Ben Saul (Australia), appointed at HRC54 (November 2023)	HRC62 (June 2026)	Fionnuala Ní Aoláin (Ireland), 2017–2023 Ben Emmerson (United Kingdom), 2011–2017 Martin Scheinin (Finland), 2005–2011
Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment	1985 (CHR res. 1985/33) / 2020 (HRC res. 43/20)	Alice Jill Edwards (Australia), appointed at HRC50 (June 2022)	HRC68 (June 2028)	Nils Melzer (Switzerland), 2016–2022 Juan E. Méndez (Argentina), 2010–2016 Manfred Nowak (Austria), 2004–2010 Theo VAN BOVEN (The Netherlands), 2001–2004 Sir Nigel Rodley (United Kingdom), 1993–2001 Pieter Kooijmans (The Netherlands), 1985–1993
Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially women and children	2004 (CHR res. 2004/110) / 2020 (HRC res. 44/4)	Siobhán Mullally (Ireland), appointed at HRC 44 (June 2020)	HRC62 (June 2026)	Maria Grazia Giammarinaro (Italy), 2014–2020 Joy Ezeilo (Nigeria), 2008–2014 Sigma Huda (Bangladesh), 2004–2008
Special Rapporteur on the promotion of truth, justice, reparation & guarantees of non-recurrence	2011 (HRC res. 18/7) / 2020 (HRC res. 45/10)	Bernard Duhaime (Canada) since 2024	HRC55 (March 2024)	Fabián Salvioli (Argentina), 2018–2024 Pablo de Greiff (Colombia), 2012–2018
Special Rapporteur on the negative impact of unilateral coercive measures on the enjoyment of human rights	2014 (HRC res. 27/21) / 2020 (HRC res. 45/5)	Alena Douhan (Belarus), appointed at HRC43 (March 2020)	HRC 61 (March 2026)	Idriss Jazairy (Algeria), 2015–2020
Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences	1994 (CHR res. 1994/45)/ 2019 (HRC res. 41/17)	Reem Alsalem (Jordan), appointed at HRC47 (June 2021)	HRC65 (June 2027)	Dubravka Šimonović (Croatia), 2015–2021 Rashida Manjoo (South Africa), 2009–2015 Yakin Ertürk (Turkey), 2003–2009 Radhika Coomaraswamy (Sri Lanka), 1994–2003
Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation	2008 (HRC res. 7/22) / 2019 (HRC res. 42/5)	Pedro Arrojo-Agudo (Spain), appointed at HRC45 (September 2020)	HRC63 (September 2026)	Léo Heller (Brazil), 2014–2020 Catarina de Albuquerque (Portugal), 2008–2014
Working Group on discrimination against women and girls	2010 (HRC res. 15/23) / 2019 (HRC res. 41/6)	Elizabeth Broderick (Australia), appointed HRC36 (September 2017)	Member from WEOG States: HRC54 (September 2023)	Frances Raday (Israel/United Kingdom), 2011–2017
		Meskerem Techane (Ethiopia), appointed HRC36 (September 2017)	Member from African States: HRC54 (September 2023)	Emna Aouij (Tunisia), 2011–2017
		Ivana Radačić (Croatia), appointed HRC36 (September 2017)	Member from EEG States: HRC54 (September 2023)	Eleonora Zielinska (Poland), 2011–2017
		Melissa Upreti (Nepal), appointed HRC36 (September 2017)	Member from AP States: HRC54 (September 2023)	Kamala Chandrakirana (Indonesia), 2011–2017
		Dorothy Estrada-Tanck (Mexico), appo	Member from GRULAC States: HRC63 (September 2026)	Alda Facio (Costa Rica), 2014–2020 Patricia Olamendi Torres (Mexico) 2012–2013 Mercedes Barquet (Mexico), 2011–2012
Country Mandates (13)
Title	Mandate established / last extended	Current Mandate Holder(s)	Next expected appointment	Former Mandate Holder(s)
Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Afghanistan	2021 (HRC res. 48/1)	Richard Bennett (New Zealand)
Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Belarus	2012 (HRC res. 20/13) / 2021 (HRC res. 47/19)	Anaïs Marin (France), appointed at HRC39 (September 2018)	HRC57 (September 2024)	Miklós Haraszti (Hungary), 2012–2018 Adrian Severin (Romania), 2004–2007
Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Burundi	2021 (HRC res. 48/16)	Fortuné Gaetan Zongo (Burkina Faso), appointed at HRC49 (March 2022)	HRC67 (March 2028)
Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Cambodia	1993 (CHR res. 1993/6) / 2021 (HRC res. 48/23)	Vitit Muntarbhorn (Thailand), appointed at HRC46 (March 2021)	HRC64 (March 2027)	Rhona Smith (United Kingdom), 2015–2021 Surya Subedi (Nepal), 2009–2015 Yash Ghai (Kenya), 2005–2008 Peter Leuprecht (Austria), 2000–2005 Thomas Hammerberg (Sweden), 1996–2000 Michael Kirby (Australia), 1993–1996
Independent Expert on the situation of human rights in Central African Republic	2013 (HRC res. S-20/1 and HRC res. 24/34) / 2021 (HRC res. 48/19)	Yao Agbetse (Togo), appointed at the HRC42 (September 2019)	HRC60 (September 2025)	Marie-Thérèse Keita Bocoum (Côte d'Ivoire), (2014–2019)
Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea	2004 (CHR res. 2004/13) / 2021 (HRC res. 46/17)	Elizabeth Salmon (Peru)	??	Tomás Ojea Quintana (Argentina), 2016–2022 Marzuki Darusman (Indonesia), 2010–2016 Vitit Muntarbhorn (Thailand), 2004–2010
Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Eritrea	2012 (HRC res. 20/20) / 2021 (HRC res. 47/2)	Mohamed Abdelsalam Babiker (Sudan), appointed at HRC45 (September 2020)	HRC63 (September 2026)	Daniela Kravetz (Chile), 2018–2020 Sheila Keetharuth (Mauritius), 2012–2018
Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran	2011 (HRC res. 16/9) / 2021 (HRC res. 46/18)	Mai Sato (Japan), appointed at HRC56 (July 2024)	HRC64 (March 2027)	Javaid Rehman (Pakistan) 2018–2024 Asma Jahangir (Pakistan), 2016–2018 Ahmed Shaheed (Maldives), 2011–2016 Maurice Copithorne (Canada), 1995–2002 Reynaldo Galindo Pohl (El Salvador), 1993–1995
Independent Expert on the situation of human rights in Mali	2013 (HRC res. 22/18) / 2021 (HRC res. 46/28)	Eduardo González (Sociologist) since 2024	HRC55 (March 2024)	Alioune Tine (Senegal), 2018–2024 Suliman Baldo (Sudan), 2013–2018
Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar	1992 (CHR res. 1992/58) / 2021 (HRC res. 46/21)	Thomas H. Andrews (United States of America), appointed at HRC43 (March 2020)	HRC61 (March 2026)	Yanghee Lee (Republic of Korea), 2014–2020 Tomás Ojea Quintana (Argentina), 2008–2014 Paulo Sérgio Pinheiro (Brazil), 2002–2008 Rajsoomer Lallah (Mauritius), 1996–2000 Yozo Yokuta (Japan), 1992–1996
Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in the Palestinian territories occupied since 1967	1993 (CHR res. 1993/2A - until the end of the Israeli occupation)	Francesca P. Albanese (Italy), appointed at HRC49 (March 2022)	HRC67 (March 2028)	Stanley Michael Lynk (Canada), 2016–2022 Makarim Wibisono (Indonesia), 2014–2016 Richard Falk (United States of America), 2008–2014 John Dugard (South Africa), 2001–2008 Giorgio Giacomelli (Switzerland), 1999–2001 Hannu Halinen (Finland), 1995–1999 René Felber (Switzerland), 1993–1995
Independent Expert on the situation of human rights in Somalia	1993 (CHR res. 1993/86) / 2021 (HRC res. 48/22)	Isha Dyfan (Sierra Leone), appointed at HRC43 (March 2020)	HRC61 (March 2026)	Bahame Nyanduga (Tanzania), 2014–2020 Shamsul Bari (Bangladesh), 2008–2014 Ghanim Alnajjar (Kuwait), 2001–2008 Mona Rishmawi (Palestine), 1996–2000 Mohamed Charfi (Tunisia), 1995–1996 Fanuel Jariretundu Kozonguizi (Namibia), 1993–1994
Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in the Syrian Arab Republic	2011 (18th Special Session of the HRC S-18/1)	Paulo Sérgio Pinheiro (Brazil) – will start once the mandate of the commission of inquiry ends

Dubi kuma

• Kwamitin Kare Hakkin Dan Adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya
• Ofishin Babban Kwamishinan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 'Yancin Dan Adam
• Hukumar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan 'Yancin Dan Adam
• Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya
• Mai ba da rahoto na musamman

Haɗin waje

• Hanyar Musamman ta Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam a Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya
• Labaran BBC na Musamman akan Masu Ba da rahoto na Musamman
• Hanyoyi na Musamman na 'Yancin Dan Adam: Masu Tabbatar da Tasiri An adana 2015-03-09 a Universal Rights Group 2014
• Tarihin Hanyar Musamman ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Hanyar: Asalin, Juyin Halitta da Gyara Archived 2015-03-08 at the Wayback Machine An adana 2015-03-08 a Universal Rights Group 2014
• Matsayin Mai ba da rahoto na Musamman na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya