Mai ciniki
 Mai ciniki | |
|---|---|
sana'a da historical profession (en)  | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
worker (en) , specialist (en) , manual worker (en) da ɗan kasuwa |
| Field of this occupation (en) |
skilled trade (en) |
| Yadda ake kira namiji | fakman, vakman, tradesman, yrkesman da obchodník |
| ISCO-88 occupation class (en) | 7 |
Ma'aikaciyar hannu ko ma'aikaciyar hannu ma'aikaciyar hannu ƙwararriya ce wacce ta ƙware a wani takamaiman sana'a ko sana'a . Ma'aikata (masu hannu/maza) galibi suna samun ƙwarewarsu ta hanyar ƙwarewar aiki, horon aiki a wurin aiki, shirin koyon aiki ko ilimin aiki, ko kuma wasu gaurayen waɗannan hanyoyin.
Sabanin ƙwararren mai sana'a ko mai sana'a, mai sana'a (mai sana'a/mai sana'a) ba lallai bane ya takaita ga aikin hannu .
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A Ingila ta Victoria, ana amfani da kalmomin "ƙwararren ma'aikaci," "mai sana'a," "mai sana'a," da "mai sana'a" a ma'anoni daban-daban. A Ostiraliya, ana amfani da kalmar "mai sana'a" akai-akai.
Duk waɗannan kalmomin suna bayyana mutanen da ke da horo na musamman game da ƙwarewar da ake buƙata don wani nau'in aiki. Wasu daga cikinsu suna samar da kayayyaki da suka sayar daga wurin aikinsu (misali masu yin takalma, masu sirdi, masu yin hula, masu yin kayan ado, masu hura gilashi ); wasu (misali masu buga rubutu, masu ɗaure littattafai, masu rubuta kekuna ) an ɗauke su aiki don yin wani ɓangare na aikin a cikin kasuwancin da ke buƙatar ma'aikata daban-daban masu ƙwarewa. Wasu kuma masana'antu ne waɗanda suka zama ƙwararru a wani ɓangare mai rikitarwa na aikin kuma suna iya samun albashi mai yawa da aiki mai ɗorewa. Ƙwararrun ma'aikata a fannin gine-gine (misali kafintoci, masu ginin dutse, masu gyaran famfo, masu gyaran filastik, masu gyaran gilashi, masu fenti da sauransu) suma an ambaci su da ɗaya ko ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan kalmomin. [1]
Wani bincike da aka yi a Caversham, New Zealand, a farkon ƙarni ya nuna cewa sana'a mai ƙwarewa ana ɗaukarta sana'a ce da ke buƙatar koyon aiki kafin shiga. Ƙwararrun ma'aikata sun yi aiki ko dai a cikin bita na sana'o'in hannu na gargajiya ko kuma sabbin masana'antu da suka fito a lokacin Juyin Juya Halin Masana'antu . [1] Ayyukan sana'o'in hannu na gargajiya sun haɗa da, misali: " mai yin jirgin ruwa, mai yin kyandir, mai haɗin gwiwa, japanner, mai yin lapidary da taxidermist, mai yin gwangwani, mai yin furrier, mai yin hula, mai yin dobbin, mai goge faransa , mai yin burodi, mai yin giya, mai yanka, mai yin kayan ƙanshi, mai yin agogo, mai yin tinsmith, mai yin gilashi, maltster, mai juya itace, mai saddler, mai rubuta jirgin ruwa, mai yin sikelin, mai sassaka da mai yanka ." [1]