Mai saurin lantarki

Mai saurin lantarki
machine (en)
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na	chemical equipment (en)
Mai ganowa ko mai ƙirƙira	Frederick Gardner Cottrell (en)

Electrodes a cikin electrostatic precipitator

Tattara wutar lantarki na mai saukowa a cikin sharar gida

Taron mai rufewa tare da gidaje da bas mai ƙarfin lantarki da aka cire don kulawa da dubawa. Ana amfani da insulators don riƙe filayen lantarki tsakanin faranti na tattarawa.  

Wani electrostatic precipitator (ESP) na'urar ce mara tacewa wacce ke cire ƙwayoyi masu kyau, kamar ƙura da hayaki, daga iskar gas mai gudana ta amfani da ƙarfin cajin electrostatic da aka haifar wanda ke hana iskar gas ta hanyar naúrar.

Ƙirƙirar

Amfani na farko da fitar da corona don cire barbashi daga aerosol shine ta Hohlfeld a cikin 1824. Koyaya, ba a sayar da shi ba har sai kusan ƙarni guda bayan haka.

A lokacin da Cottrell ya kirkira, ba a fahimci tushen aiki ba. An haɓaka ka'idar aiki daga baya a Jamus, tare da aikin Walter Deutsch da kafa kamfanin Lurgi.

Cottrell ya yi amfani da kudaden da ya samu daga abin da ya kirkira don tallafawa binciken kimiyya ta hanyar kirkirar tushe da ake kira Research Corporation a 1912, wanda ya ba da takardun shaida. Manufar kungiyar ita ce kawo abubuwan kirkirar da malamai suka yi (kamar Cottrell) a cikin duniyar kasuwanci don amfanin al'umma gaba ɗaya. Ayyukan Kamfanin Bincike suna samun tallafi ta hanyar biyan kuɗi daga kamfanonin kasuwanci bayan kasuwanci ya faru. Kamfanin Bincike ya ba da mahimman kudade ga ayyukan kimiyya da yawa: gwaje-gwajen roket na Goddard, cyclotron na Lawrence, hanyoyin samar da bitamin A da B₁, da sauransu da yawa.

Kamfanin Bincike ya kafa yankuna ga masana'antun wannan fasahar, wanda ya haɗa da Yammacin Precipitation (Los Angeles), Lodge-Cottrell (Ingila), Lurgi Apparatebau-Gesellschaft (Jamus), da Jafananci Cottrell Corp. (Japan), kuma ya kasance gidan tsabta don duk wani ingantaccen tsari. Koyaya, damuwa game da amincewa ya tilasta Kamfanin Bincike ya kawar da ƙuntatawa na yanki a cikin 1946.

Electrophoresis shine kalmar da aka yi amfani da ita don ƙaurawar ƙwayoyin caji da aka dakatar da iskar gas a cikin Filin lantarki kai tsaye. Shirye-shiryen talabijin na CRT na gargajiya suna tara ƙura a allon saboda wannan sabon abu (CRT na'ura ce ta kai tsaye da ke aiki a kusan kilovolts 15).

Nau'o'in

Akwai manyan nau'ikan precipitators guda biyu:

• Babban ƙarfin lantarki, mataki ɗaya - Masu saurin gudu guda ɗaya sun haɗu da ionization da matakin tattarawa. Ana kiran su da Cottrell precipitators.
• Low-voltage, biyu-mataki - Masu saurin matakai biyu suna amfani da irin wannan ka'ida; duk da haka, sashin ionizing yana biye da farantin tattarawa.

An bayyana a ƙasa shine babban ƙarfin lantarki, mai saurin gudu guda ɗaya, wanda ake amfani dashi sosai a cikin ayyukan sarrafa ma'adanai. Ana amfani da low-voltage, matakai biyu na precipitator don tacewa a cikin tsarin sanyaya iska.

Farantin da mashaya

Yawancin masu saurin lantarki da aka shigar sune nau'in farantin. Ana tattara barbashi a kan shimfiɗa, a layi daya wanda ke da 8 zuwa 12 a cikin. (20 zuwa 30 cm) baya, tare da jerin wutar lantarki da aka raba tare da layin tsakiya na faranti biyu da ke kusa. Gas ɗin da aka gurɓata suna wucewa ta hanyar tsakanin faranti, kuma barbashi suna caji kuma suna manne wa faranti na tarawa. Ana cire barbashi da aka tattara ta hanyar rapping faranti kuma a ajiye su a cikin bins ko hoppers a gindin precipitator.