Mai tsabtace hannu
 Mai tsabtace hannu | |
|---|---|
WHO essential medicines (en)  | |
 | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | local anti-infective agent (en) da disinfectant (en) |
| Amfani | hand disinfection (en) |
Hannun tsabtace jiki (wanda aka fi sani da antiseptic na hannu, maganin kashe cututtuka na hannu, shafawa na hannu, ko handrub) ruwa ne, gel, ko kumfa da ake amfani da shi don kashe kwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin halitta, da sauran ƙwayoyin a hannayensu.[1][2] Hakanan yana iya zuwa a cikin nau'in cream, spray, ko gogewa.[3] Duk da yake wanke hannu tare da sabulu da ruwa galibi an fi son shi, Mai tsabtace hannu shine madadin da ya dace a cikin saitunan da sabulu ba su samuwa ba.[4] Koyaya, ba shi da tasiri sosai a kan wasu cututtuka kamar norovirus da Clostridioides difficile kuma ba zai iya cire sunadarai masu cutarwa ba.[4] Amfani mara kyau, kamar share mai tsabtacewa kafin ya bushe, na iya rage tasirinsa, kuma wasu masu tsabtacewa tare da ƙarancin barasa ba su da tasiri.[4] Bugu da ƙari, amfani da mai tsabtace hannu akai-akai na iya rushe microbiome na fata kuma ya haifar da dermatitis.[5]
Ana ba da shawarar maganin tsabtace hannu na barasa, wanda ke dauke da akalla kashi 60% na barasa (ethanol ko isopropyl alcohol), Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Rigakafin Cututtuka na Amurka (CDC) lokacin da sabulu da ruwa ba su samuwa.[6] A cikin saitunan kiwon lafiya, ana fi son waɗannan masu tsabtace jiki fiye da wanke hannu da sabulu da ruwa saboda sun fi tasiri wajen rage ƙwayoyin cuta kuma fata ta fi jure musu.[7][8] Koyaya, ya kamata a yi wanke hannu idan gurɓataccen abu yana bayyane ko bayan amfani da bayan gida. Masu tsabtace hannu marasa barasa, waɗanda zasu iya ƙunsar benzalkonium chloride ko triclosean, ba su da tasiri kuma ba a ba da shawarar su gabaɗaya, kodayake ba su da wuta.[7][3]
Tsarin maganin tsabtace hannu na barasa yawanci ya haɗa da haɗuwa da isopropyl alcohol, ethanol, ko n-propanol, tare da yawan barasa daga 60% zuwa 95% kasancewa mafi tasiri.[2] Wadannan masu tsabtace jiki suna iya cin wuta [2] kuma suna aiki da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta iri-iri, amma ba spores ba.[7] Don hana bushewar fata, ana iya ƙara mahadi kamar glycerol, kuma wasu tsari sun haɗa da ƙanshi, kodayake waɗannan an hana su saboda haɗarin halayen rashin lafiyan.[9] Siffofin da ba na barasa ba su da tasiri kuma ya kamata a yi amfani da su da hankali.[10]
Amfani da shi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Jama'a gaba ɗaya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Magungunan tsabtace hannu na barasa bazai zama masu tasiri ba idan hannayensu suna da santsi, mai ƙanshi ko gurbataccen. A asibitoci, hannayen ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya galibi suna gurɓata da cututtuka, amma ba sa gurɓata ko mai.
Wasu masu tsabtace hannu da ake samu a kasuwa (da girke-girke na kan layi don shafawa na gida) suna da yawan barasa wanda ya yi ƙasa sosai.[1] Wannan ya sa su kasa tasiri wajen kashe kwayoyin cuta.[2] Mutanen da suka fi talauci a kasashe masu tasowa [1] da kuma mutanen da ke kasashe masu ci gaba na iya samun wahalar samun maganin tsabtace hannu tare da ingantaccen barasa. [3] Yin amfani da lakabi na barasa ya kasance matsala a Guyana.[4]
Makarantu
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Shaidar da ke yanzu ita ce tasirin sa hannun hannu na makaranta ba shi da inganci.[11]
A cikin bita na Cochrane na 2020 wanda ya kwatanta wanke hannu ba tare da wankewa ba zuwa sabulu da dabarun ruwa na al'ada da kuma tasirin da ya biyo baya a kan rashin halartar makaranta ya sami karamin sakamako amma mai fa'ida akan wanke hannu kyauta akan rashin halartar cututtuka.[12]
- ↑ "hand sanitizer - definition of hand sanitizer in English". Oxford Dictionaries. Archived from the original on 18 September 2017. Retrieved 12 July 2017.
- 1 2 3 Boyce JM, Pittet D (October 2002). "Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings. Recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee and the HICPAC/SHEA/APIC/IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force. Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America/Association for Professionals in Infection Control/Infectious Diseases Society of America" (PDF). MMWR. Recommendations and Reports. 51 (RR-16): 1–45, quiz CE1–4. PMID 12418624. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Boyce2002" defined multiple times with different content. - 1 2 Jing JL, Pei Yi T, Bose RJ, McCarthy JR, Tharmalingam N, Madheswaran T (May 2020). "Hand Sanitizers: A Review on Formulation Aspects, Adverse Effects, and Regulations". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 17 (9): 3326. doi:10.3390/ijerph17093326. PMC 7246736. PMID 32403261.
- 1 2 3 "Show Me the Science – When & How to Use Hand Sanitizer in Community Settings". cdc.gov (in Turanci). 3 March 2020. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
CDC recommends washing hands with soap and water whenever possible because hand washing reduces the amounts of all types of germs and chemicals on hands. But if soap and water are not available, using a hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol can help... sanitizers do not eliminate all types of germs... Hand sanitizers may not be as effective when hands are visibly dirty or greasy... Hand sanitizers might not remove harmful chemicals
- ↑ Bhatt S, Patel A, Kesselman MM, Demory ML (June 2024). "Hand Sanitizer: Stopping the Spread of Infection at a Cost". Cureus. 16 (6). doi:10.7759/cureus.61846. PMC 11227450 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 38975405 Check|pmid=value (help). - ↑ "Clean Hands Save Lives!". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 11 December 2013. Archived from the original on 18 August 2017.
- 1 2 3 Bolon MK (September 2016). "Hand Hygiene: An Update". Infectious Disease Clinics of North America. 30 (3): 591–607. doi:10.1016/j.idc.2016.04.007. PMID 27515139.
In 2002, the CDC released an updated hand hygiene guideline and, for the first time, endorsed the use of alcohol-based hand rubs for the majority of clinical interactions, provided that hands are not visibly soiled
Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "Bol2016" defined multiple times with different content. - ↑ Hirose R, Nakaya T, Naito Y, Daidoji T, Bandou R, Inoue K, Dohi O, Yoshida N, Konishi H, Itoh Y (September 2019). "Situations Leading to Reduced Effectiveness of Current Hand Hygiene against Infectious Mucus from Influenza Virus-Infected Patients". mSphere. 4 (5). doi:10.1128/mSphere.00474-19. PMC 6751490. PMID 31533996.
For many reasons, alcohol hand sanitizers are increasingly being used as disinfectants over hand washing with soap and water. Their ease of availability, no need for water or plumbing, and their proven effectiveness in reducing microbial load are just a few.
- ↑ "Guide to Local Production: WHO-recommended Handrub Formulations" (PDF). Retrieved 11 April 2020.
- ↑ "Alcohol-free hand sanitizer prices are skyrocketing, but they don't actually work to prevent the coronavirus, Business Insider - Business Insider Singapore". www.businessinsider.sg. Archived from the original on 11 April 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
- ↑ Willmott M, Nicholson A, Busse H, MacArthur GJ, Brookes S, Campbell R (January 2016). "Effectiveness of hand hygiene interventions in reducing illness absence among children in educational settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Archives of Disease in Childhood. 101 (1): 42–50. doi:10.1136/archdischild-2015-308875. PMC 4717429. PMID 26471110.
- ↑ Munn Z, Tufanaru C, Lockwood C, Stern C, McAneney H, Barker TH (April 2020). "Rinse-free hand wash for reducing absenteeism among preschool and school children". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2020 (4). doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012566.pub2. PMC 7141998. PMID 32270476.