Mai tsarkake iska
 Mai tsarkake iska | |
|---|---|
_(49317867758).jpg) | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
home appliance (en)  da electrical device (en) |
| Amfani |
air purification (en) |
Mai tsabtace iska ko mai tsabtace iska shine na'urar da ke kawar da gurɓataccen iska a cikin daki don haɓaka ingancin iska na cikin gida. Ana sayar da waɗannan na'urori da yawa don suna da amfani ga masu fama da rashin lafiya da masu ciwon asma, da kuma rage ko kawar da hayakin taba na hannu na biyu.
Ana kera na'urorin tsabtace iska na kasuwanci a matsayin ko dai ƙananan raka'o'i ne kawai ko kuma manyan raka'a waɗanda za a iya maƙala su zuwa naúrar mai sarrafa iska (AHU) ko zuwa naúrar HVAC da aka samu a cikin masana'antu na likita, masana'antu, da kasuwanci. Hakanan ana iya amfani da na'urorin tsabtace iska a masana'antu don cire datti daga iska kafin sarrafawa. Ana amfani da adsorbers na matsa lamba ko wasu dabarun talla don wannan.
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A shekara ta 1830, an ba Charles Anthony Deane takardar haƙƙin mallaka don na'urar da ta ƙunshi kwalkwali na tagulla tare da abin wuya da sutura. Za a yi amfani da doguwar bututun fata da aka makala a bayan kwalkwalin don samar da iska, asalin abin da ake nufi da shi shi ne cewa za a yi ta ne ta amfani da ƙugiya biyu. Wani ɗan gajeren bututu ya ba da damar hura iska don tserewa. Za a yi wannan tufa ne da fata ko rigar da ba ta da iska, an tsare ta da madauri.[1] A cikin 1860s, John Stenhouse ya shigar da takardun haƙƙin mallaka guda biyu yana amfani da kaddarorin shayarwa na gawayi na itace zuwa tsarkakewar iska (halayen 19 Yuli 1860 da 21 ga Mayu 1867), don haka ƙirƙirar na'urar numfashi na farko.[1]
A cikin 1871, masanin kimiyyar lissafi John Tyndall ya rubuta game da ƙirƙira da ya yi, na'urar numfashi mai kashe gobara, sakamakon haɗakar da sifofin kariya na na'urar numfashi na Stenhouse da sauran na'urorin numfashi. Daga baya an kwatanta wannan ƙirƙira a cikin 1875.[2]
A cikin 1950s, ana tallata matatun HEPA azaman matatun iska mai inganci sosai, bayan da aka yi amfani da su a cikin 1940s a cikin Aikin Manhattan na Amurka don sarrafa gurɓataccen iska.
An bayar da rahoton cewa an sayar da matatar HEPA ta farko a cikin 1963 ta 'yan'uwan Manfred da Klaus Hammes a Jamus, waɗanda suka ƙirƙiri Kamfanin Incen Air Corporation wanda shine farkon kamfani na IQAir.
Amfani da fa'idodi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Dust, pollen, dander na dabbobi, mold spores, da kuma ƙura mite feces na iya zama a matsayin allergens, jawo allergies a cikin m mutane. Barbashi hayaki da mahaɗar ƙwayoyin halitta masu canzawa (VOCs) na iya haifar da haɗari ga lafiya. Bayyanawa ga sassa daban-daban kamar VOCs yana ƙara yuwuwar fuskantar alamun cutar gini na rashin lafiya.[3]
CUTAR COVID 19
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Joseph Allen, darektan shirin Gine-gine masu Lafiya a Makarantar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a ta Harvard, ya ba da shawarar cewa azuzuwan makaranta su yi amfani da injin tsabtace iska tare da tace HEPA a matsayin hanyar rage watsa kwayar cutar COVID-19, yana mai cewa "Masu iya aiki tare da matatar HEPA mai inganci da girman ɗakin da ya dace na iya ɗaukar kashi 99.97 na barbashi iska."
Ɗaya daga cikin binciken ƙirar ƙirar ruwa mai ƙarfi daga Janairu 2021 ya ba da shawarar cewa aiki da injin tsabtace iska ko tsarin iskar iska a cikin wurare da aka killace, kamar lif, yayin zamansu ta mutane da yawa yana haifar da tasirin yaduwar iska wanda zai iya, a zahiri, haɓaka watsa kwayar cuta. Koyaya, gwajin rayuwa ta ainihi na matatun iska na HEPA/UV mai ɗaukar hoto a cikin sassan COVID-19 a asibiti ya nuna cikakkiyar kawar da SARS-CoV-2 mai ɗaukar iska. Wannan rahoton ya kuma nuna raguwa mai yawa a cikin wasu ƙwayoyin cuta, fungal da bioaerosol na viral, yana ba da shawarar cewa masu tacewa kamar wannan na iya hana ba kawai yaduwar COVID-19 ba har ma da sauran cututtukan da aka samu a asibiti. Addenbrooke's Study Disinfection Study (AAirDS) ya gudanar da bincike na gwaji na gwaji wanda ya kwatanta sassan da aka haɗa tare da kuma ba tare da na'urorin tsarkake iska ba. Masu binciken sun sami wata alaƙa tsakanin tura na'urorin tsarkake iska da rage watsawar SARS-CoV-2 na nosocomial amma girman tasirin da rashin tabbas a kusa da shi ya yi yawa. Karɓar na'urorin a cikin yanayin asibiti ba cikakke ba ne, kuma kamar yadda aka rage wasu ƙuntatawa kamar rufe fuska da zama a ɗaki haka ma bin na'urorin tsabtace iska.[4]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Newton, William; Partington, Charles Frederick (1825). "Charles Anthony Deane - 1823 patent". Newton's London Journal of Arts and Sciences. 9. W. Newton: 341. Archived from the original on February 16, 2017. Retrieved May 9, 2021
- ↑ Lee, Sidney, ed. (1898). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 54. London: Smith, Elder & Co. p. 149. OCLC 1070574795. Retrieved May 9, 2021.
- ↑ Wang, Shaobin; Ang, H. M.; Tade, Moses O. (July 2007). "Volatile organic compounds in indoor environment and photocatalytic oxidation: State of the art". Environment International. 33 (5): 694–705. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2007.02.011. ISSN 0160-4120. PMID 17376530 – via Elsevier Science Direct
- ↑ Brock, Rebecca C.; Goudie, Robert J.B.; Peters, Christine; Thaxter, Rachel; Gouliouris, Theodore; Illingworth, Christopher J.R.; Morris, Andrew Conway; Beggs, Clive B.; Butler, Matthew; Keevil, Victoria L. (October 2024). "Efficacy of Air Cleaning Units for preventing SARS-CoV-2 and other hospital-acquired infections on medicine for older people wards: A quasi-experimental controlled before-and- after study". Journal of Hospital Infection. 155: 1–8. doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2024.09.017. PMID 39374708