Maido da Benin Bronzes zuwa Najeriya
Bronzes na Benin ya ƙunshi tarin abubuwa sama da 900 na tagulla, tagulla, hauren giwa da kuma itace waɗanda mutanen Edo na Masarautar Benin suka ƙirƙira daga ƙarni na 16 zuwa na 19. Waɗannan abubuwa suna da matuƙar mahimmancin ruhi, tarihi da fasaha ga al'ummar Edo da ma Najeriya baki ɗaya. An kama su a lokacin balaguron azabtarwa na Burtaniya na 1897 kuma daga baya aka tarwatsa zuwa gidajen tarihi da tarin masu zaman kansu a duk faɗin Turai da Arewacin Amurka . A cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, karuwar wayar da kan duniya game da rashin adalci na mulkin mallaka ya haifar da yunkuri na kasa da kasa na mayar da su gida.
Fage
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A cikin Fabrairun 1897, sojojin Burtaniya sun kaddamar da wani harin soji na ladabtarwa a kan Masarautar Benin, da alama don ladabtar da wani harin kwanton bauna da aka yi wa tawagar Burtaniya. Sun wawure fadar sarki da ke birnin Benin tare da kwashe dubban kayayyakin zane-zane da suka hada da alluna da siffofi da kayan ado da aka yi da tagulla da tagulla. An yi gwanjon kayayyaki da yawa a Landan kuma gidajen tarihi na Turai suka saya, inda suka shiga tarin kasashen yamma.[ana buƙatar hujja][ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2025)">abubuwan da ake bukata</span> ]
Gidan kayan tarihi na Biritaniya da ke Landan ya zama gida mafi girma da ke rike da abubuwa kusan 900 yayin da wasu cibiyoyi da yawa a Jamus, Faransa, Netherlands da Amurka suka samu gagarumin cibiyoyi. [1] Masu tara kuɗi masu zaman kansu kuma sun sami guntu-guntu, wanda ya haifar da ɓarkewar tarin.[ana buƙatar hujja][ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2025)">abubuwan da ake bukata</span> ]
Kokarin komawa gida
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Bukatun dawo da Najeriya a hukumance tun daga shekarun 1960, amma ba ta da goyon bayan cibiyoyi a kasashen da suka yi mulkin mallaka.[ana buƙatar hujja][ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2025)">abubuwan da ake bukata</span> ]
Yarjejeniyar UNESCO ta 1970 akan Hanyoyi na Hanawa da Hana Shigo da Shigo da Fitarwa da Canja wurin Mallakar Al'adu ba bisa ƙa'ida ba ya ba da tsarin ƙasa da ƙasa, kodayake an yi amfani da shi ne kawai.[ana buƙatar hujja][ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2025)">abubuwan da ake bukata</span> ]
Jamus
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A watan Yulin 2022, Jamus ta zama ƙasa ta farko ta Turai da ta rattaba hannu kan wata yarjejeniyar siyasa ta haɗin gwiwa don dawo da tagulla 1,130. [2] Wannan yarjejeniya ta sa Jamus ta mayar da kayan tarihi da kuma tallafawa ayyukan binciken kayan tarihi da raya kayan tarihi a Najeriya . Canje-canjen na zahiri sun ci gaba a matakai saboda rikitattun kayan aiki da diflomasiyya. A ranar 20 ga Disamba, 2022, Jamus a hukumance ta mika rukunin farko na tagulla 20 a Abuja, tare da ministar harkokin wajen Jamus Annalena Baerbock, ta bayyana wannan karimcin ta amince da "rashin adalci na zamanin mulkin mallaka". [3] A farkon 2023, biranen Jamus da yawa da suka haɗa da Berlin, Hamburg da Cologne sun ba da haƙƙin mallaka na tarin tarin yawa, tare da ba da lamuni na nuni don kula da nune-nunen Turai na lokaci-lokaci.[ana buƙatar hujja][ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2025)">abubuwan da ake bukata</span> ]
Netherlands
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A watan Fabrairun 2025, Najeriya da Netherlands sun kulla yarjejeniya kan maido da tagulla 119 da aka ajiye a cikin tarin Leiden, wanda ke nuna mafi girman mayar da guda daya zuwa yau. Bikin mika ragamar mulki a jihar Edo ya nuna Oba Ewuare II, wanda ya yi murnar dawowar a matsayin "sassan Allah" wajen maido da mulkin al'adu. [4] [5]
Ƙasar Ingila
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Cibiyoyin Birtaniyya sun yi taka tsantsan. Gidan kayan tarihi na Horniman a London ya zama gidan kayan gargajiya na Burtaniya na farko da ya dawo da tagulla a cikin Nuwamba 2022. Ana ci gaba da tattaunawa tare da gidan adana kayan tarihi na Biritaniya, wanda tarin abubuwa kusan 900 ya rage ta hanyar dokar majalisar. Cibiyar adana kayan tarihi da al'adun gargajiya ta Jami'ar Cambridge ita ma ta fuskanci matsin lamba don maido da abubuwa sama da 100; waɗannan tattaunawar suna gudana tun farkon 2025. [1]
Tsarin hukumomi da matsayin masu ruwa da tsaki
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Hukumar kula da gidajen tarihi da tarihi ta Najeriya (NCMM) da Oba na Benin sun sa ido tare da sa ido kan manufofin komawa gida. Dokar shugaban kasa a watan Maris na 2023 ta ba da izinin kula da duk tagulla da aka dawo da su a Oba, yayin da NCMM ke kula da kiyayewa na wucin gadi da nunawa jama'a. Shirye-shiryen gidan kayan tarihi na Edo na Afirka ta Yamma (EMOWAA) a cikin birnin Benin da kuma gidan kayan tarihi na Benin na gaba yana nufin samar da gidaje na dindindin, masu sarrafa yanayi don kayan tarihi. Hadin gwiwar kasa da kasa ya hada da horar da kwararrun gidajen tarihi na Najeriya, hadin gwiwar binciken kayan tarihi da tallafin kudade daga tsoffin jihohin da ake tsare da su.[ana buƙatar hujja][ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2025)">abubuwan da ake bukata</span> ]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- 1 2 "Germany, Nigeria sign accord for return of looted Benin Bronzes". Al Jazeera (in Turanci). Retrieved 2025-06-26. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "aljazeera.com" defined multiple times with different content. - ↑ "https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/unesco-welcomes-signing-historic-agreement-between-germany-and-nigeria-return-1130-benin-bronzes". www.unesco.org. Archived from the original on 2025-01-06. Retrieved 2025-06-26. External link in
|title=(help) - ↑ "Germany returns looted Benin Bronzes to Nigeria – DW – 12/20/2022". dw.com (in Turanci). Retrieved 2025-06-26.
- ↑ "Netherlands returns 119 looted artifacts known as Benin Bronzes to Nigeria". AP News (in Turanci). 2025-06-19. Retrieved 2025-06-26.
- ↑ "The Netherlands agrees to return more than 100 artifacts to Nigeria looted during colonial times". AP News (in Turanci). 2025-02-19. Retrieved 2025-06-26.