Marcelle Capy
 Marcelle Capy | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Rayuwa | |
| Cikakken suna | Marcelle Marquès |
| Haihuwa |
Cherbourg (mul)  , 16 ga Maris, 1891 |
| ƙasa | Faransa |
| Mutuwa |
Pradines (mul) , 5 ga Janairu, 1962 |
| Ƴan uwa | |
| Abokiyar zama |
Pierre Brizon (mul) |
| Karatu | |
| Harsuna | Faransanci |
| Sana'a | |
| Sana'a |
Mai kare hakkin mata, trade unionist (en) , peace activist (en) , anarchist (en) da ɗan jarida |
| Muhimman ayyuka |
Q137386678 |
| Kyaututtuka |
gani
|
| Mamba | Kungiyar 'Yancin Dan Adam (Faransa) |
Marcelle Capy ita ce sunan da Marcelle Marquès (1891-1962), marubuciyar marubucin Faransa, ɗan jarida, mai fafutuka da fafutukar fafutika suka ɗauka. Ta buga ayyuka da yawa daga 1916 zuwa 1950, duk sun sadaukar da sha'awarta ga zaman lafiya. Ana tunawa da ita musamman don lambar yabo ta Des hommes passèrent (Men Passed By), wanda aka buga a 1930. A matsayinta na 'yar jarida, ta ba da gudummawa ga takardu da yawa, musamman La Vague wanda ta haɗu a cikin 1918. A farkon shekarun 1930, ta kasance memba mai ƙwazo a cikin Ligue internationale des combattants de la paix (International League of Fighters for Peace). [1] [2]
Rayuwar farko da ilimi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haife shi a ranar 16 Maris 1891 a Cherbourg, Eugénie Marie Marcelle Marquès ita ce 'yar Jean Marques ta biyu, jami'in sojan ruwa, da matarsa Marceline Capy. Tun tana yarinya, tana yawan zama tare da kakaninta na uwa a gonar su a Pradines a kudu maso yammacin Faransa. Ta koyi game da rashin amfanin yaƙi daga kakanta wanda ya yi yaƙi a Yaƙin Franco-Prussian. Ta girma kusa da kakaninta har ta karɓi sunansu, ta zama Marcelle Capy.
Ta halarci makarantar sakandare a Toulouse, tana yin karatu tare da kyakkyawan sakamako. Har yanzu a Toulouse, da niyyar zama malami, ta ci gaba da ɗaukar azuzuwan share fage na École normale supérieure de Sèvres amma, bayan sauraron lacca akan Tolstoy ta ɗan siyasan gurguzu Jean Jaurès lokacin tana da shekaru 18, ta yanke shawarar maimakon zama ɗan jarida a Paris . [1] Tun daga wannan lokacin, aikinta na rayuwarta shine ta kai hari ga zaman lafiya, rawar da mata ke takawa a cikin al'umma ta zamani, da zamantakewar zamantakewar al'umma don magance musamman wahala da talauci. [2]
Sana'a
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ba da daɗewa ba ta ba da gudummawar labarai ga mujallu da yawa, ciki har da La Voix des femmes, Journal du peuple da Hommes de jour . Daga Satumba 1913, labaranta a cikin takardan kungiyar kwadagon Bataille syndicalist, sun rufe mugayen yanayi da aka gindaya wa matan da ke aiki a masana'antar saƙa ta Faransa, bisa la'akari da kwarewarta na yin aiki tare da su. A cikin watan Agusta 1915, tare da abokin aikinta Fernand Desprès, an tilasta mata barin Bataille syndicalist wanda ya goyi bayan sacrée na gwamnatin tarayya a lokacin yakin duniya na farko, yayin da ma'auratan suka kasance masu tsattsauran ra'ayi. [1]
Yayin da yake ci gaba da rubuta labaran mujallu, a cikin 1916 Capy ta buga babban aikinta na farko, Une voix de femme au-dessus de la mélée (Muryar Mata a cikin Fray) tare da gabatarwa ta Romain Rolland, yana sukar daukakar yaki da jaruntakar sojoji. Sakamakon yakin duniya na farko, aikin ya kasance mai tsauri. [3] Irin wannan ayyuka sun biyo baya, ciki har da La défense de la vie (1918) da L'Amour roi (1925), na karshen yana haɗa imaninta na Kiristanci tare da mayar da hankali kan zaman lafiya. [1] [4]
Aikinta mafi nasara shine novel Des hommes passèrent wanda aka ba shi kyautar Séverine a 1930. Ya ba da labarin fursunonin Jamus da ke aiki a gonakin Faransa bayan an kira ma'aikatan gida zuwa gaba. Kira ga 'yan uwantaka, [5] an saita shi a Pradines inda Capy ta shafe yawancin yarinta.
Kwararren mai magana da jama'a, ta halarci taro a Turai, Amurka da Kanada. A cikin 1924, ta kafa ƙungiyar ilimi mai fafutuka mai suna Les Amis de la Paix kuma ta halarci taron Ƙungiyar Mata ta Duniya don Zaman Lafiya da 'Yanci a Washington, DC A cikin 1926, ta yi jawabi ga taron Femmes pour la Paix et la Liberté a Geneva . [1]
Ta ci gaba da aikin jarida, amma 'yan Nazi sun yi Allah wadai da su a matsayin 'yar gurguzu a 1943 kuma an kai farmaki gidanta a Pradines. Komawa a Paris, a cikin 1944 ta ba da gudummawa ga jaridar pacifist Germinal, ta rubuta labaran sha'awar ɗan adam. Bayan yakin, ta yi tafiya zuwa Masar tare da 'yar uwarta Jeanne Marques, suna buga L'Egypte au coeur du monde a 1950.
Daga baya rayuwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A ƙarshen 1950s, ta koma gidanta a Pradines. Ta mutu a can a ranar 5 ga Janairu 1962, bayan ta zama Kirista mai ibada a shekarunta na baya. An binne ta tare da danginta na uwa a makabartar Pradines. [6]
Duba kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Jerin sunayen masu fafutukar zaman lafiya
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Goldswain, Margaret Ann Victoria (2014). "Overlooked and Overshadowed: French Women's Writing 1900-1938" (PDF). University of Western Australia. Retrieved 28 January 2019.Goldswain, Margaret Ann Victoria (2014). "Overlooked and Overshadowed: French Women's Writing 1900-1938" (PDF). University of Western Australia. Retrieved 28 January 2019.
- ↑ "L'autre chemin des dames" (PDF) (in French). Compagnie Ecart Théâtre. 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2019.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ↑ Stewart, Lynn (2011). "Marcelle Capy's Journalism and Fiction on War, Peace and Women's Work, 1916-1936". Journal of the Western Society for French History, Vol. 39. Retrieved 28 January 2019.
- ↑ Gayet, Pierre (21 October 1995). "Marcelle Capy: une voix de femme au dessus de la mêlée" (in French). Le Quercy. Archived from the original on 29 January 2019. Retrieved 29 January 2019.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ↑ "Marcelle Capy Une voix féministe pacifiste de 1913 à 1918" (in French). Midi Insoumis. 8 December 2018. Retrieved 29 January 2019.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ↑ Raymond, Jusinien. "CAPY Marcelle [née MARQUÈS Marcelle]" (in French). Le Maitron. Retrieved 29 January 2019.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)Raymond, Jusinien. "CAPY Marcelle [née MARQUÈS Marcelle]" (in French). Le Maitron. Retrieved 29 January 2019.