Marie Seitz
Marie Seitz (karni na 19 zuwa karni na 20), wanda aka fi sani da sunanta na yaki, Emille, 'yar juyin juya hali Jamus ce kuma mai fafutuka ga manufar Armeniya. An fi saninta da sa hannu a Operation Nejuik, wanda Tarayyar Juyin Juya Halin Armenia (ARF) ta shirya, wanda ke da niyyar kashe Sultan Abdul Hamid II, babban mai gabatar da Kisan kiyashi na Hamidian wanda ya haifar da mutuwar Armeniyawa 100,000 zuwa 300,000.
Ta shiga cikin shirin shirin da kuma aikin kwamandoji na karshe, wanda ya kai ga yunkurin kisan Abdul Hamid II a Yıldız . Ta sami nasarar tserewa daga Daular Ottoman kuma ta ɓace.
Tarihin rayuwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Marie Seitz a Daular Rasha, kodayake ta fito ne daga asalin Jamus.[1][2] A shekara ta 1904, ta shiga kungiyar juyin juya halin Armenia (ARF) ta yunkurin kashe Sultan Abdul Hamid II a matsayin fansa ga kisan kiyashin Hamidian, [1] wanda shi ne babban mai tsarawa, wanda ya haifar da mutuwar tsakanin 100,000 da 300,000 Armeniyawa. Baya ga Seitz, kungiyar ta hada da 'Yan tawaye na Belgium Edward Joris da matarsa, Anna Nellens, wadanda suka shiga kokarin saboda daidaituwa ta akida, da kuma Christapor Mikaelian, daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa ARF, Sophie Areshian, da Martiros Margarian, masu juyin juya halin Armeniya. [1][1]
Kafin shigar da ita cikin zurfi a cikin aikin, masu shirya taron sun gudanar da taro don tattauna ko ya kamata a haɗa mata a cikin yunkurin kisan kai ko kuma "kace" daga irin waɗannan ayyukan.[2] Koyaya, sun yanke shawarar cewa bai dace ba a yi muhawara game da wannan batun ba tare da tuntuɓar mata da kansu ba.[2] A ranar 4 ga Disamba 1904, 'Rubina' (Sophie Areshian), 'Emille' (Seitz), da 'Michelle' sun shiga tattaunawar kuma sun bayyana cikakken yardarsu don shiga cikin aikin.[2] Sun nuna laifi a wannan tambayar kuma sun bayyana cewa, idan ya cancanta, za su gudanar da aikin da kansu.[2] Haɗakar da mata a cikin irin wannan muhimmiyar rawa a cikin ƙungiyar kamar ARF ba abin mamaki ba ne, saboda shahararren kasancewar mata a cikin ƙungiyoyin juyin juya halin hagu na zamanin.[1]
Seitz ta ɗauki sunayen "Emille" da "Sophie Rips," tana nuna cewa matar Margarian ce, wacce ta yi amfani da sunan "Liba Rips".[1] Bayan mutuwar Mikaelian da Kendirian, wani abokin makirci a Bulgaria, yayin da suke shirya fashewa don aikin, ta sake saduwa da Edward Joris, wanda ya sha wahala sosai saboda asarar abokinsa - musamman tun lokacin da aka bar fasfo dinsa a wurin.[1] Koyaya, membobin Kungiyar Juyin Juya Halin Makidoniya ta Cikin Gida (IMRO) sun sami nasarar dawo da fasfo kafin 'yan sanda su isa. Tare da Joris da Margarian, 'yan juyin juya hali uku sun kwashe dare daya cikin makoki.[1]
Ta shiga cikin aikin bincike na karshe kafin yunkurin kisan Abdul Hamid II a Yıldız tare da Anna Nellens . [1] A ranar 21 ga watan Yulin 1905, ta shiga aikin kwamandojin na karshe na kungiyar, tare da Sophie Areshian, Martiros Margarian, da direban motar da ke dauke da bam, Zareh. [1][2] Kungiyar ta tafi masallacin ne a karkashin uzuri na neman furanni ga Areshian.[2] Sun bar motar da aka yi amfani da ita a gaban masallacin, bayan haka Areshian ya kunna lokacin bam din, kuma kungiyar ta tsere daga wurin.[2]
Bayan fashewar bam din, ta nemi mafaka tare da sauran mambobi uku na kungiyar kusa da gidan Joris, inda za su iya saka idanu kan zuwansa da tafiyarsa.[1] Joris ya sanar da kungiyar cewa zai shiga tare da su don su iya daidaitawa kuma mai yiwuwa su tsere tare.[1] Koyaya, lokacin da ya isa, ya ci abincin rana ba tare da ya yarda da su ba, sannan ya sake barin ginin a bayyane, ba tare da nuna alamar gane su ba.[1] Yayin da lokaci ya wuce, Seitz da sauran sun yanke shawarar jira har zuwa karfe shida, lokacin da Joris yawanci ya bar aiki ya koma gida.[1] Shirin su na tserewa daga Constantinople da sauri ya riga ya lalace, saboda jinkirin ya sa suka rasa jiragen ruwa na ƙarshe da ke tashi zuwa Piraeus da Daular Rasha.[1] Da karfe shida, ba a gan Joris a ko'ina ba - a zahiri, yana halartar bikin cika shekaru 75 na 'yancin kai na Belgium a wani gida mai zaman kansa a cikin birni. Kungiyar ta yanke shawarar barin da misalin karfe 7:30 na yamma, sa'o'i bakwai bayan harin.[1] Har yanzu yana nuna kansa a matsayin matar Margarian, yayin da Areshian ya yi kamar shi abokin Zareh ne, su huɗun sun sami damar isa tashar jirgin kasa kuma sun shiga jirgin kasa na ƙarshe zuwa Sofia, tare da taimakon jami'an 'yan sanda na Turkiyya waɗanda suka taimaka wajen ɗora kayansu a cikin jirgin. A cikin jirgin, ƙungiyar ta yi farin ciki.[1] Masu juyin juya hali sun mika hannu kuma sun taya juna murna, sun gamsu cewa Abdul Hamid II ya mutu kuma harin ya yi nasara.[1]
A Sofia, Seitz ya sami labarin gazawar harin.[2] Yayinda fashewar ta kashe mutane 21 kuma ta ji wa wasu rauni 58, Sultan Abdul Hamid II ya fito ba tare da wata matsala ba.[2] Ya tsaya don tattaunawa da Mehmet Cemaleddin Efendi a cikin masallacin, yana jinkirta ficewarsa kuma yana guje wa fashewar.[2]