Marthinus Versfeld

Marthinus Versfeld (ko Martin Versfeld) (11 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1909 - 18 ga watan Afrilu shekara ta 1995) masanin falsafa ne na Afirka ta Kudu. Daga 1937 zuwa 1972 ya koyar a Jami'ar Cape Town . An yi bikin ne a matsayin mai bincike, ya ji daɗin karɓar Al'ummar adabi ta Afirka ta Kudu kuma an san shi da abokin adawar Tsarin wariyar launin fata. Ayyukansa sun fito ne daga littattafan ilimi zuwa rubutun wasa game da batutuwa kamar ɗabi'a, ilimin ɗan adam, ma'anar rayuwa.

Versfeld ya fito ne daga dangin Afrikaans tare da dogon tarihi a yankin Yammacin Cape na Afirka ta Kudu. Ya halarci Makarantun Kwalejin Afirka ta Kudu kuma ya yi karatun digiri na farko da na biyu a Jami'ar Cape Town . Ya ci gaba zuwa Glasgow inda ya kammala karatun digirinsa a kan ilimin lissafi na Descartes a karkashin kulawar Archibald Bowman . A shekara ta 1937 an nada shi a matsayin malami a UCT inda zai ciyar da dukan aikinsa.

Manyan jigogi

Addini

Dukkanin ayyukan Versfeld suna ɗauke da alamun imanin addini. Koyaya, ba zai yiwu a ba da halayyar yadda wannan tabbacin ya shafi aikinsa ba. A cikin littafin 1948, Oor gode en afgode mutum ya same shi yana yaba da adawa da mulkin mallaka na Ikilisiyar Kirista na farko (Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu ya zama tushen wannan) ko, kuma, yana ba da shawarar wani nau'i na "Kirista kimiyya". A lokaci guda, wannan ƙwazo yana adawa da ɗabi'ar ɗan kasuwa na ra'ayin mazan jiya na al'adun Afirka ta Kudu kuma a bayyane yake yana adawa ne da haɗin akidar "Kirista Nationalism".

A cikin aikinsa na baya, Versfeld ya bayyana sukar da ya yi game da neman gafara na addini - a kan "wasu wawaye masu banƙyama waɗanda ke rubuta littattafai game da neman apoka". A ƙarshen rayuwarsa, ya sake jaddada wannan ra'ayi: "akwai ayyukan Katolika masu neman gafara na baya-bayan nan waɗanda ke da'awar samar da duk amsoshin, suna da ƙarancin hikimar mai hikima a Chuang-zu (22.1) wanda ya ce: 'Ba mu zo ko'ina kusa da dama ba, tunda muna da amsoshin". Bugu da ƙari, ya yarda da rashin tabbas bangaskiyarsa: "Kasancewa ba za ku iya nufin yin daidai da wani abu ba ne da ita ba, idan ba za ku sami irin wannan ra'ayin ba. Wannan kusan mummunan hali na tauhidin tunanin addininsa na baya yana tare da juyawa - an harbe falsafancinsa na baya tare da tabbacin cewa "The secular is the mu'ujiza".

Anthropology da falsafar

Da yawa a baya wannan rashin sani ya riga ya kasance a tsakiyar ilimin falsafancinsa. A cikin rubutun tarihin kansa, "Descartes da ni" (1960), Versfeld ya bayyana ci gaban hankalinsa a matsayin ƙaura daga tabbacin Cartesian cogito zuwa "gaskiya ne da ipse mihi magna questio, na zama babban rikici a gare kaina".