Martina Navratilova
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Martina Navratilova (Czech: Martina Navrátilová, lafazin [ˈmarcɪna ˈnavraːcɪlovaː] ⓘ; née Šubertova, [ˈʃubɛrtovaː]; an haife ta Oktoba 18, 1956) yar Czech-Ba'amurkiya tsohuwar yar wasan tennis ce. An yi la'akari da ita a cikin manyan 'yan wasan tennis na kowane lokaci, Navratilova ta kasance a matsayi na 1 a duniya a cikin 'yan wasa guda ɗaya na tsawon makonni 332 (na biyu-mafi yawan Bude Era), kuma don rikodin makonni 237 a cikin ninki biyu. Ta lashe manyan taken guda 167 da lakabi na biyu na 177 (duka bayanan Bude Era), gami da manyan taken guda 18, manyan taken mata 31, da manyan lakabi biyu masu hade guda 10. Haɗuwar jimillar manyan takenta guda 59 ita ce mafi girma a cikin Buɗe Era, kuma taken ta na Wimbledon guda tara rikodi ne na koyaushe.[1][2] Tare da Chris Evert, babbar abokiyar hamayyarta, Navratilova ta mamaye wasan tennis na mata tsawon shekarun 1980.
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Rayuwar baya da karatu
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Navratilova Martina Šubertová a Prague, Czechoslovakia. Iyayenta sun sake aure lokacin tana da shekaru uku,[3] da mahaifiyarta, ƙwararriyar gymnas ce, yar wasan tennis, kuma mai koyar da ski,[4] sun motsa dangi zuwa Řevnice.[5][6] A cikin 1962, mahaifiyarta Jana ta auri Miroslav Navrátil, wanda ya zama kocin tennis na farko. Daga nan Martina ta ɗauki sunan ubanta (ƙara ƙaramar mata -ová), don haka ta zama Martina Navrátilová. Mahaifinta, Mirek (a hukumance Miroslav Šubert),[7] ta kasance mai koyar da ski.
Navratilova tana da ƙanwar Jana,[8] da kuma babban ɗan'uwan uba. Kakarta, Agnes Semanska, 'yar wasan tennis ce ga Tarayyar Czechoslovak kafin yakin duniya na biyu kuma tana da matsayi mai girma kamar na 2 a tsakanin matan Czech a lokacin aikinta na mai son.[9]
Aiki
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Aikin farko
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Navratilova ta lashe kambunta na farko na ƙwararru a Orlando, Florida, a cikin 1974 tana da shekaru 17. Da isa Amurka, ta zauna tare da tsohuwar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo Frances Dewey Wormser da mijinta Morton Wormser, mai sha'awar wasan tennis.[10]
Navratilova ita ce ta zo ta biyu a manyan gasa guda biyu a shekarar 1975; gasar Australian Open (wanda Goolagong ya lashe) da kuma French Open (wanda Chris Evert ya lashe a cikin sahu uku). Bayan da ta sha kashi a hannun Evert a wasan kusa da na karshe na gasar US Open a watan Satumba, Navratilova 'yar shekara 18 ta je ofishin Hukumar Shige da Fice da ke birnin New York ta sanar da su cewa tana son sauya sheka daga Jamhuriyar Czechoslovakia ta kwaminisanci.[11] A cikin wata guda, ta sami katin kore kuma a cikin 1981 ta zama ɗan ƙasar Amurka. Har ila yau, a cikin 1975, Navratilova ta haɗe tare da Evert na ɗaya a duniya don lashe gasar French Open ta mata, babban take na farko na Navratilova a waje da gauraye biyu. Sun sake hadewa a cikin 1976 don lashe kambun mata biyu na Wimbledon akan Billie Jean King da Bette Stove.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Landrum, Gene N. (2006). Empowerment : the competitive edge in sports, business & life. Burlington, Ont.: Brendan Kelly Pub. p. 169. ISBN 9781895997248.
- ↑ Riess, Steven A. (2015). Sports in America from Colonial Times to the Twenty-First Century: An Encyclopedia: An Encyclopedia. Oxford, England: Routledge. p. 661. ISBN 9781317459477.
- ↑ Martina: Returning to Homeland, It Hits Her That She Now Is Truly an American". Los Angeles Times. June 27, 2001. Retrieved November 14, 2013
- ↑ Woolum, Janet (1998). Outstanding Women Athletes: Who They Are and How They Influenced Sports In America. Greenwood. p. 198. ISBN 978-1573561204.
- ↑ Schwartz, Larry. "Martina was alone on top". ESPN. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
- ↑ Grimsley, Will (December 9, 1975). "Martina enjoying life in U.S. but homesick". Lewiston Morning Tribune. Idaho. Associated Press. p. 4B.
- ↑ ESPN Classic – Navratilova owned Wimbledon's Center Court". ESPN. November 19, 2003. Retrieved November 14, 2013.
- ↑ Grimsley, Will (December 9, 1975). "Martina enjoying life in U.S. but homesick". Lewiston Morning Tribune. Idaho. Associated Press. p. 4B.
- ↑ "Martina Navratilova: 10 things you need to know about the tennis legend". Daily Mirror. April 7, 2010. Retrieved September 28, 2014
- ↑ Frances Dewey Wormser 1903–2008". Santa Paula Times. February 6, 2008. Retrieved February 19, 2008
- ↑ "She defected for tennis not politics". Lewiston Morning Tribune. Idaho. Associated Press. September 8, 1975. p. 4B