Mary Anne Fitzgerald
 Mary Anne Fitzgerald | |
|---|---|
| Rayuwa | |
| Haihuwa | Afirka ta kudu, 1945 (80/81 shekaru) |
| ƙasa | Afirka ta kudu |
| Karatu | |
| Harsuna |
Turanci Harshen Swahili Faransanci |
| Sana'a | |
| Sana'a | ɗan jarida |
Mary Anne Fitzgerald Burtaniya ce, 'yar jaridar, ma'aikaciyar taimako na ci gaba kuma marubuciya, wacce aka fi sani da rahotonta na yakin duniya a Afirka, da kuma littattafai biyu masu nasara.
Tarihin rayuwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Fitzgerald a Afirka ta Kudu. An bayar da rahoton wasu bangare daga cikin rayuwarta a cikin Nomad (1992), wani labarin tarihin rayuwarta na farko da aka kore ta daga Kenya, inda ta zauna tsawon shekaru 22 kuma ta raini iyalanta.[1] A Nairobi tana da 'ya'ya mata biyu kuma ta karbi ɗan goyo kabilar Samburu, ta sami saki, kuma ta zama sananniyar yar jarida da ke rubutu kan al'amuran Afirka, tana aiki da gidajen jaridun Financial Times, The Sunday Times da wasu jaridu. Da farko tana bayar da rahotonni game da tattalin arziki, amma daga baya ta kara kusawa cikin aikin jarida na siyasa da kuma fallasa cin hanci da rashawa da cin zarafin bil'adama. Ta kuma taimaka wajen kafa asibitin kiwon lafiya a wani ginin gwamnati da ba a amfani da shi ba a Lesirikan, Gundumar Samburu, a arewacin Kenya. A wannan lokacin ta hadu da sanannen mai yawon bude idon nan da aka fi sani da Wilfred Thesiger, wanda ke zaune kusa da Maralal. Cibiyar da ta kafa, daga bisana ta zama babbar kungiya mai zaman kanta wato ICROSS, kuma ta sake kafa SAIDIA bayan an cire ta daga ICROSS. wanda sananiya ce duniya don shirye-shiryen ta akan kiwon lafiya.[2]
Fitzgerald ta hadu da fushin gwamnatin Daniel arap Moi a cikin shekarun 1980. An ɗaure ta a ɗan gajeren lokaci a cikin 1987, a cikin yanayi mara kyau, saboda ƙaramin keta kuɗin ƙasashen waje. An yi imanin cewa an gurfanar da tuhumar ta ne saboda kwanan nan ta bayar da rahoto ga The Sunday Times game da fitar da kayayyaki kasar waje ba bisa ka'ida ba ta hanyar abokan kasuwanci biyu na Indiya da ke da alaƙa na kud da kud da Shugaba Moi, (K. Somaia da N.Merali, suna fitar da kofi na Kenya ta hanyar kasuwar bayan fagge). Daga baya gwamnati ta yi amfani da hukuncin da aka yanke mata a kotu don kalubalantar amincinta a matsayin 'yar jarida. A shekara ta 1988, ta wallafa wata kasida a cikin jaridar The Sunday Times da ke ba da labarin yadda gwamnati ta yi amfani da bangaren shari'a na Kenya kai tsaye don hana adawa da siyasa, da kuma yadda wannan ya haifar da yaduwar cin zarafin bil adama wacce haka rubuta shi da kyau.[1] dawowarta a ƙarshen 1988 zuwa Nairobi a ta jirgin sama daga London 'yan sanda na sirri sun bi ta sannan suka kore ta. Ba tare da gida ko kudi ba,da kuma kewar gida ga Kenya, daga ƙarshe ta zauna a London tare da 'ya'yanta mata. Sun zauna gida daya tare da Kathy Eldon, tsohowar mazauniyar kasar Kenya kuma mahaifiyar ɗan jarida mai ɗaukar hoto Dan Eldon.
Bayan ta yi aiki a matsayin 'yar jarida mai yawo (a ƙasa), sai ta koma Kenya don jana'izar Dan Eldon a watan Yulin 1993, lokacin da aka sake ba ta damar shiga kasar. The Epilogue to Nomad (1994 version) ta ce ta shirya ta kasance a London. Duk da haka a shekara ta 1997 ta yi aiki ga UNICEF a New York, [3] kuma wata kasida ta 2001 a cikin The New York Times ta bayyana cewa ta koma Kenya bayan haka, inda ta shafe shekaru da yawa a matsayin Wakilin Afirka na kungiyar 'yan gudun hijira ta kasa da kasa. [4] Ta kuma wallafa wani littafi game da tallafin yarinya Maasai (My Warrior Son, 1998). Canjin da ta yi daga aikin jarida zuwa aikin agaji ya haifar da fitar da labarai da yawa, rahotanni da labarai game da rikicin 'yan gudun hijira a Kenya da ƙasashe makwabta (wanda aka jera a ƙasa). A shekara ta 2000, ta ziyarci Eritrea forRefugees International don tantance tilasta daukar yara sojoji, lokacin da yaƙi ya ɓarke da Habasha - mata, yara da tsofaffi suka tsere daga sama da harin bindigogi.[5] A shekara ta 2002, ta wallafa wani littafi game da halin da mata ke ciki a Kudancin Sudan da 'yan gudun hijira daga wannan yankin da ke zaune a sansanoni a Kenya. Har yanzu tana cikin Kwamitin SAIDIA da ACE Kenya .
Biography
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
An haifi Fitzgerald a Afirka ta Kudu. An bayar da rahoton wasu daga cikin rayuwarta a cikin Nomad (1992), wani labarin tarihin rayuwarta na farko da aka kore ta daga Kenya, inda ta zauna shekaru 22 kuma ta haifi iyali.[1] A Nairobi tana da 'ya'ya mata biyu kuma ta karbi ɗa Samburu, ta sami saki, kuma ta zama sanannen ɗan jarida da ke rubutu kan al'amuran Afirka, tana aiki ga Financial Times, The Sunday Times da sauran jaridu. Da farko ta bayar da rahoto game da tattalin arziki, amma ta kara shiga cikin aikin jarida na siyasa da kuma fallasa cin hanci da rashawa da cin zarafin bil'adama. Ta kuma taimaka wajen kafa asibitin kiwon lafiya a wani ginin gwamnati da ba a amfani da shi ba a Lesirikan, Gundumar Samburu, a arewacin Kenya. A wannan lokacin ta sadu da sanannen mai bincike Wilfred Thesiger, wanda ke zaune kusa da Maralal, amma da farko yana karɓar maraba mai sanyi. Cibiyar daga baya ta zama babbar kungiya mai zaman kanta ICROSS, kuma ta kafa SAIDIA bayan an cire ta daga ICROSS. wanda ya jawo hankalin duniya don shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya.[2]
Fitzgerald ta hadu da fushin gwamnatin Daniel arap Moi a chikin shekarun 1980s. An ɗaure ta na ɗan gajeren lokaci a shekara 1987, a cikin yanayi mara kyau, saboda ƙaramin laifin keta kuɗin ƙasashen waje. An yi imanin cewa an gurfanar ta tuhumar ne saboda kwanaki kadan kafin lockacin ta bayar da rahoto ga The Sunday Times game da fitar da kayayyaki ba bisa ka'ida ba ta hanyar abokan kasuwanci masu matukar iko biyu na Indiya da ke da alaƙa da Shugaba Moi, (K. Somaia da N.Merali, suna fitar da kofi na Kenya ta hanyar kasuwar bayar fagge). Daga baya gwamnati ta yi amfani da hukuncin da aka yanke mata a kotu don kalubalantar cacantar ta a matsayin 'yar jarida. A shekara ta 1988, ta wallafa wata makala a cikin The Sunday Times da ke ba da labarin yadda gwamnati ta yi amfani da bangaren shari'a na Kenya kai tsaye don hana adawa da siyasa, da kuma yadda wannan ya haifar da yaduwar cin zarafin bil adama wacce haka rubuta shi da kyau.[1] Komawa a ƙarshen 1988 zuwa Nairobi a cikin jirgin sama daga London 'yan sandan sirri sun bi ta sannan suka kore ta. Ba tare da gida ko kudi ba, kuma tana kewar Kenya, daga ƙarshe ta zauna a London tare da 'ya'yanta mata. Sun zauna gida daya tare da Kathy Eldon, tsohon mazaunin Kenya kuma mahaifiyar ɗan jarida mai ɗaukar hoto Dan Eldon.
Biography
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
An haifi Fitzgerald a Afirka ta Kudu. An bayar da rahoton wasu daga cikin rayuwarta a cikin Nomad (1992), wani labarin tarihin rayuwarta na farko da aka kore ta daga Kenya, inda ta zauna shekaru 22 kuma ta haifi iyali.[1] A Nairobi tana da 'ya'ya mata biyu kuma ta karbi ɗa Samburu, ta sami saki, kuma ta zama sanannen ɗan jarida da ke rubutu kan al'amuran Afirka, tana aiki ga Financial Times, The Sunday Times da sauran jaridu. Da farko ta bayar da rahoto game da tattalin arziki, amma ta kara shiga cikin aikin jarida na siyasa da kuma fallasa cin hanci da rashawa da cin zarafin bil'adama. Ta kuma taimaka wajen kafa asibitin kiwon lafiya a wani ginin gwamnati da ba a amfani da shi ba a Lesirikan, Gundumar Samburu, a arewacin Kenya. A wannan lokacin ta sadu da sanannen mai bincike Wilfred Thesiger, wanda ke zaune kusa da Maralal, amma da farko yana karɓar maraba mai sanyi. Cibiyar daga baya ta zama babbar kungiya mai zaman kanta ICROSS, kuma ta kafa SAIDIA bayan an cire ta daga ICROSS. wanda ya jawo hankalin duniya don shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya.[2]
Fitzgerald ta hadu da fushin gwamnatin Daniel arap Moi a chikin shekarun 1980s. An ɗaure ta na ɗan gajeren lokaci a shekara 1987, a cikin yanayi mara kyau, saboda ƙaramin laifin keta kuɗin ƙasashen waje. An yi imanin cewa an gurfanar ta tuhumar ne saboda kwanaki kadan kafin lockacin ta bayar da rahoto ga The Sunday Times game da fitar da kayayyaki ba bisa ka'ida ba ta hanyar abokan kasuwanci masu matukar iko biyu na Indiya da ke da alaƙa da Shugaba Moi, (K. Somaia da N.Merali, suna fitar da kofi na Kenya ta hanyar kasuwar bayar fagge). Daga baya gwamnati ta yi amfani da hukuncin da aka yanke mata a kotu don kalubalantar cacantar ta a matsayin 'yar jarida. A shekara ta 1988, ta wallafa wata makala a cikin The Sunday Times da ke ba da labarin yadda gwamnati ta yi amfani da bangaren shari'a na Kenya kai tsaye don hana adawa da siyasa, da kuma yadda wannan ya haifar da yaduwar cin zarafin bil adama wacce haka rubuta shi da kyau.[1] Komawa a ƙarshen 1988 zuwa Nairobi a cikin jirgin sama daga London 'yan sandan sirri sun bi ta sannan suka kore ta. Ba tare da gida ko kudi ba, kuma tana kewar Kenya, daga ƙarshe ta zauna a London tare da 'ya'yanta mata. Sun zauna gida daya tare da Kathy Eldon, tsohon mazaunin Kenya kuma mahaifiyar ɗan jarida mai ɗaukar hoto Dan Eldon.
Bayan ta yi aiki a matsayin 'yar jarida mai yawo (a ƙasa), sai ta koma Kenya don jana'izar Dan Eldon a watan Yulin 1993, lokacin da aka sake ba ta damar shiga kasar. The Epilogue to Nomad (1994 version) ta ce ta shirya ta cigaba da zama a London. Duk da haka a shekara ta 1997 ta yi aiki ga UNICEF a New York, [3] kuma wata makala ta 2001 a cikin The New York Times ta bayyana cewa ta koma Kenya bayan haka, inda ta shafe shekaru da yawa a matsayin Wakilin Afirka na kungiyar 'yan gudun hijira ta kasa da kasa. [4] Ta kuma wallafa wani littafi game da yadda ta karbi goyon dan kabilar Maasai (My Warrior Son, 1998). Canjin da ta yi daga aikin jarida zuwa aikin agaji ya haifar da fitar da labarai da yawa, rahotanni da labarai game da rikicin 'yan gudun hijira a Kenya da ƙasashe makwabta (wanda aka jera a ƙasa). A shekara ta 2000, ta ziyarci Eritrea don Refugees International don tantance zargin yadda hake tilasta daukar yara sojoji, lokacin da yaƙi ya ɓarke da Habasha - mata, yara da tsofaffi suka tsere daga harrin sama da bindigogi.[5] A shekara ta 2002, ta wallafa wani littafi game da halin da mata ke ciki a Kudancin Sudan da 'yan gudun hijira daga wannan yankin da ke zaune a sansanoni a Kenya. Har yanzu tana cikin shuwagabanin Kwamitin SAIDIA da ACE Kenya .
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Fitzgerald 1992.
- 1 2 3 Macintyre, K.; Sosler, S.; Letipila, F.; Lochigan, M.; Hassig, S.; Omar, S. A; Githure, J. (2003). "A new tool for malaria prevention?: Results of a trial of permethrin-impregnated bedsheets (shukas) in an area of unstable transmission". International Journal of Epidemiology. 32 (1): 157–160. doi:10.1093/ije/dyg019. ISSN 0300-5771. PMID 12690029.
- 1 2 "UNICEF Executive Director deplores flagrant child rights abuses". ReliefWeb. 18 September 1997. Retrieved 2016-08-25.
- 1 2 Corbett, Sara (1 April 2001). "The Lost Boys of Sudan; The Long, Long, Long Road to Fargo". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
- 1 2 "Refugee & Relief Alert No. 1/2000". ReliefWeb. 23 June 2000. Retrieved 2016-08-25.