Mary Turok
 Mary Turok | |
|---|---|
| Rayuwa | |
| ƙasa | Afirka ta kudu |
| Ƴan uwa | |
| Abokiyar zama | Ben Turok |
| Karatu | |
| Makaranta | Jami'ar Cape Town |
| Sana'a | |
| Sana'a |
ɗan siyasa da anti-apartheid activist (en)  |
Mary Elizabeth Turok (née Butcher) 'yar siyasar Afirka ta Kudu ce mai ritaya kuma tsohuwar Mai fafutukar adawa da nuna wariyar launin fata wacce ta wakilci Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta Afirka (ANC) a Majalisar Dinkinobho daga shekarun 1994 zuwa 1999. Tsohuwar 'yar jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Afirka ta Kudu (SACP) da Congress of Democrats, ta zauna a gudun hijira daga shekarun 1964 zuwa 1990 bayan da aka ɗaure mijinta, Ben Turok, saboda gwagwarmayarsa.
Rayuwar farko da gwagwarmaya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Turok ta halarci Jami'ar Cape Town, inda ta shiga siyasa mai ci gaba kuma ta haɗu da Ben Turok, mutumin da ta aura; [1] ta gaje shi a matsayin sakatare na Cape Town's Modern Youth Society. [2] Ta kasance daga cikin farar fata masu fafutuka na farko da suka shiga yakin neman zaɓen ANC na shekarar 1952, [3] ko da yake kasancewa memba na ANC kanta a wancan lokacin ya iyakance ga baƙaƙen fata na Afirka.
Ta kasance memba ce ta kafa Congress of Democrats (COD) kuma ta kasance wakiliyar COD a taron jama'ar Afirka duka, kuma ta shiga SACP, a wancan lokacin gwamnatin nuna wariyar launin fata ta haramta. [1] An tsare ta tsawon watanni shida bisa laifin taimakawa jam'iyyar ANC ta haramtacciyar hanya. [1] [4] Albie Sachs, wanda abokin aikinta ne na siyasa a lokacin, daga baya ta ce ta kasance "dumi kuma mai ban tsoro". [5]
A shekara ta 1965, an saki mijin Turok a gidan yari bayan ɗaurin shekaru uku saboda ayyukansa da Umkhonto we Sizwe, kuma ma'auratan sun gudu da 'ya'yansu daga Afirka ta Kudu don guje wa ci gaba da kula da 'yan sanda. Sun kasance a gudun hijira, musamman a Biritaniya, tsawon shekaru 24 masu zuwa. [1] [2]
Turok da danginta sun koma Afirka ta Kudu a farkon watan Fabrairun 1990, jim kaɗan bayan da shugaban ƙasar FW de Klerk ya sanar da cewa gwamnatinsa za ta haramtawa jam'iyyun ANC da SACP takunkumi domin saukaka tattaunawar kawo ƙarshen mulkin nuna wariyar launin fata. [2] Ta shiga cikin tsarin ANC da ake sake kafawa a cikin ƙasar bayan komawar jam'iyyar gudun hijira, [6] kuma ta fito fili ta ba da shawarar mata su shiga cikin tsarin mulkin demokraɗiyya mai gudana, ta rubuta a cikin Star a shekarar 1992:
Babu inda a duniya da aka bawa mata daidaito a kan farantin; a duk inda suka yi yaƙi da shi. Afirka ta Kudu ba za ta kasance ba banda. Ba mu son 'ya'yanmu mata su juya mana a cikin shekaru masu zuwa kuma su tambayi: 'Ina kuka kasance lokacin da ake rubuta Dokar' Yanci da sabon Kundin Tsarin Mulki?' [7]
Aikin majalisa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A babban zaɓen ƙasar na shekarar 1994, wanda shi ne na farko a Afirka ta Kudu ƙarƙashin kuri'ar jin ra'ayin jama'a, an zaɓi Turok a matsayin 'yar takarar jam'iyyar ANC a majalisar dokokin ƙasar, sabuwar majalisar wakilai ta Afirka ta Kudu. [8] Mijinta ya koma ta a wata kujera ta ANC a shekarar 1995; a cikin shekarar 1998, rajistar majalisar dokoki na buƙatun membobin ta rikodin cewa su ne mafiya arziki a cikin majalisar, raba R 1.5 miliyan hannun jari.[9] Turok ta yi wa'adi guda a kujerarta kuma ta bari bayan babban zaɓen shekarar 1999.
Ritaya da rayuwar sirri
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Turok tana da yara uku - Neil, Fred, da Ivan - tare da mijinta Ben, wanda ya mutu a watan Disamba 2019. [1] [10] Bayan sun yi ritaya daga harkokin siyasa na gaba, ma'auratan sun yi ritaya zuwa yankunan bakin teku na Cape Town, kuma Turok ta kasance memba mai ƙwazo na Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Muizenberg [11] kuma daga baya na Ƙungiyar Masu Ratepayers na Noordhoek. [4]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 "Mary Butcher Turok". South African History Online. 31 March 2020. Retrieved 2023-04-19.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Joseph, Natasha (2014). "Cape crusader: Interview with South Africa's Ben Turok". Index on Censorship (in Turanci). 43 (2): 88–92. doi:10.1177/0306422014534385. ISSN 0306-4220. S2CID 147525539.
- ↑ "Participants in the 1952 Defiance Campaign". South Africa: Overcoming Apartheid. Retrieved 2023-04-19.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Kotze, Karen (2019-12-12). "Anti-apartheid activist Turok remembered". False Bay Echo (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 2023-04-19. Retrieved 2023-04-19.
- ↑ "Turok dedicated life to welfare of all South Africans". Jewish Report (in Turanci). 2019-12-12. Retrieved 2023-04-19.
- ↑ Turok, Ben (11 December 2019). "Ben Turok: A political insider, but not so embedded as to be defensive". City Press (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-04-19.
- ↑ Britton, Hannah E. (2002). "Coalition Building, Election Rules, and Party Politics: South African Women's Path to Parliament". Africa Today. 49 (4): 40. doi:10.1353/at.2003.0036. ISSN 0001-9887. JSTOR 4187530.
- ↑ "Minutes of proceedings of the Constitutional Assembly" (PDF). Department of Justice and Constitutional Development. 24 May 1994. Retrieved 2 April 2023.
- ↑ Lodge, Tom (2003). Politics in South Africa: From Mandela to Mbeki (in Turanci). David Philip. p. 272. ISBN 978-0-85255-870-6.
- ↑ Herman, Paul (9 December 2019). "ANC veteran Ben Turok has died". News24 (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-04-19.
- ↑ "New century, new town". The Mail & Guardian (in Turanci). 2001-11-02. Retrieved 2023-04-19.