Masarautar Mausoleum na Mauretania
| Masarautar Mausoleum na Mauretania | |
|---|---|
 UNESCO World Heritage Site | |
| Tipasa | |
 | |
| Wuri | |
| Ƴantacciyar ƙasa | Aljeriya |
Province of Algeria (en)  | Tipasa Province (en) |
| District of Algeria (en) | Ahmer El Aïn District (en) |
| Commune of Algeria (en) | Sidi Rached (en) |
| Coordinates | 36°34′29″N 2°33′12″E / 36.5747°N 2.5533°E |
 | |
| Karatun gine-gine | |
| Tsawo | 32.4 m |
| Yawan fili | 7.83 ha |
| Muhimman Guraren Tarihi na Duniya | |
| Reference | 193-003 |
| Region[upper-roman 1] | Arab Countries |
| Registration | ) |
| |
Mausoleum na sarauta na Mauretania wani abin tunawa ne da ke kan hanyar Cherchell da Algiers, a Lardin Tipaza, Algeria.
Mausoleum shine kabarin da ake zargin an binne Sarkin Berber Juba II (dan Juba I na Numidia) da Sarauniya Cleopatra Selene II, sarakunan Mauretania. Duk da haka, gawarwakinsu ba ya nan a wurin.
Mausoleum na Masarautar Mauretania wani nau'i ne na tsoffin kaburbura da ake samu a Aljeriya da aka gina a kan wani tudu mai nisan mita 250 (ƙafa 756) sama da matakin teku. An gina wannan abin tunawa gaba ɗaya daga dutse, yayin da babban tsarinsa yana cikin siffa mai madauwari tare da gindin murabba'i da mazugi ko dala. Tushen murabba'in yana auna murabba'in mita 60 zuwa 60.9 ko ƙafa 200 zuwa 209. Tsayin abin tunawa ya kasance kusan mita 40 ko 130' tsayi. Sakamakon lalacewar da makabartar ta samu daga abubuwa na halitta da lalata, abin tunawa a yanzu yana da tsayin mita 30-32.4.
An ƙawata tushen abin tunawa da ginshiƙan Ionic 60 waɗanda aka cire manyan manyansu, wataƙila an sace su. A ciki, tsakiyar mausoleum yana da ɗakuna guda biyu masu rufa-rufa, waɗanda aka raba su da ɗan gajeren hanya da aka haɗa ta wurin gallery a waje da ƙofofin dutse waɗanda levers za su iya motsa sama da ƙasa. Hanyar da ke kaiwa zuwa ɗakunan yana kusan 500'. Ɗayan ɗakin yana da tsayin ƙafa 142 da faɗinsa ƙafa 11 kuma yana da tsayi ƙafa 11, yayin da ɗayan kuma ƙarami ne.
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Wani lokaci ana kiran kabarin da Mausoleum na Juba II da Cleopatra Selene. A cikin Faransanci, ana kiransa Tombeau de la Chrétienne ("kabari na mace Kirista") saboda akwai nau'in giciye-kamar Kiristanci na layin rarraba a kan ƙofar ƙarya. "Kirista".Wataƙila ya zama nakasar jimlar Punic don “kabari na sarauta”.[1]
Gidan sarauta na Mauretania
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Sarkin Mauretania, Juba II (dan Juba I na Numidia) da matarsa Cleopatra Selene II ne suka gina shi a cikin 3 BC. Ita Gimbiya Ptolemaic ce, 'yar Sarauniya Cleopatra VII ta Masar da Roman Triumvir Mark Antony. Ta hanyar aurenta da Juba II, ta zama Sarauniyar Mauretania.
Mausoleum mai yiwuwa Kabarin Sarauta ne wanda masanin yanayin ƙasar Roma na ƙarni na 1, Pomponius Mela (1.31) ya bayyana a matsayin abin tunawa da commune regiae gentis ("gidajen taron dangi na gidan sarauta"). Idan bayanin mausoleum daidai ne, to ba a yi nufin ginin don Juba da Cleopatra kawai ba, amma an tsara shi azaman abin tunawa da jana'izar dynastic ga zuriyarsu ta sarauta.
Kabarin Mauretanian yayi kama da Mausoleum na Augustus wanda Sarkin Roma na farko Augustus ya gina a tsohuwar Roma. Augustus ya fara gina kabarinsa tsakanin 29 BC-27 BC, wani lokaci kafin Juba II ya bar Roma don komawa Numidia.[2]
Karkashin mulkin Ottoman da Faransa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A karni na 16, wasu 'yan kasar Sipaniya sun yi imani da cewa kabarin Florinda la Cava, fitacciyar macen berber daga Ceuta, wacce fyade ya kai ga mamaye Iberia da Musulunci ya yi. An bayyana shi a matsayin ruɗani na Qabr Arrumiyya ("kabari na Kirista", a gida qbér érromiya) da qàhba romiya ("Karuwa Kirista").
A shekara ta 1555, Pasha na Algiers, Salah Rais, ya ba da umarnin ruguza makabartar. Bayan da wasu manyan bakar fata suka yi ta kutsawa tare da kashe wasu daga cikin ma’aikatan, sai aka yi watsi da kokarin. A ƙarshen karni na 18, Baba Mahammed ya yi ƙoƙari a banza don ya lalata abin tunawa da bindigogi.
Bayan mamayar da Faransa ta yi wa Aljeriya, sojojin ruwan Faransa sun yi amfani da wannan abin tunawa wajen gudanar da ayyukansu.[3]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Montaner Frutos, Alberto (2006). "Zara / Zoraida y la Cava Rumía: Historia, leyenda e invención" [Zara / Zoraida and la Cava Rumía: History, legend and invention]. In Martínez de Castilla, Nuria; Gil Benumeya Grimau, Rodolfo (eds.). De Cervantes y el Islam [About Cervantes and Islam] (in Spanish). Madrid: Sociedad Estatal de Conmemoraciones Culturales. pp. 270–273. ISBN 978-8496411180. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
- ↑ Michael Tutton, James W.P. Campbell (2020). Doors History, Repair and Conservation. Routledge. p. 36. ISBN 978-1-317-30939-0.
- ↑ Davies, Ethel (2009). North Africa: the Roman Coast. Chalfont St. Peter, Buckinghamshire: Bradt Travel Guides. ISBN 978-1841622873, p. 11.