Mascha Kaléko
 Mascha Kaléko | |
|---|---|
| Rayuwa | |
| Cikakken suna | מלכה גולדה אָָאוּפֶן |
| Haihuwa | Chrzanów (mul)  , 7 ga Yuni, 1907 |
| ƙasa | Tarayyar Amurka Jamus |
| Mutuwa | Zurich (en) , 21 ga Janairu, 1975 |
| Makwanci | Israelite Cemetery Upper Frisian Mountain (en) |
| Yanayin mutuwa | Sababi na ainihi (stomach cancer (en) ) |
| Ƴan uwa | |
| Abokiyar zama | Saul Barkali (en) (1928 - 1938) Chemjo Vinaver (mul) (28 ga Janairu, 1938 - |
| Yara | view
|
| Karatu | |
| Makaranta | Lessing-Hochschule zu Berlin (en) Frederick William University Berlin (en) Schule Reimann (mul) (1933 - 1934) |
| Harsuna | Jamusanci |
| Sana'a | |
| Sana'a | maiwaƙe, marubuci da librettist (en) |
| maschakaleko.com | |
Mascha Kaléko (dedeMagana ta Jamusanci: [ˌmaʃa kaˈleːko] i; an haife shi Golda Malka Aufen; 7 Ga watan Yuni a shekara ta 1907 zuwa 21 ga watan Janairu a shekara ta 1975) mawaki ne na Jamusanci.de
Tarihin rayuwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Kaléko Golda Malka Aufen a Chrzanów, Galicia (yanzu Poland).[1][2] Ita 'yar Fischel Engel ce, ɗan kasuwa, da Rozalia Chaja Reisel Aufen, duka biyu na zuriyar Yahudawa.[1] Tare da farawar Yaƙin Duniya na I, mahaifiyarta ta ƙaura tare da ita da 'yar'uwarta Lea zuwa Jamus; da farko zuwa Frankfurt, sannan zuwa Marburg, kuma a shekarar 1918 zuwa Berlin inda iyayenta suka yi aure a shekarar 1922. [1] A shekara ta 1928, ta auri malamin Ibrananci Saul Aaron Kaléko . [2] Daga 1929 zuwa gaba, ta wallafa waka da ke gabatar da rayuwar yau da kullun na talakawa a cikin jaridu kamar Vossische Zeitung da Berliner Tageblatt . [1]
A cikin shekara ta waƙarta, Kaléko ta kama yanayin Berlin a cikin shekarun 1930. Ta sami shahara kuma ta saba zuwa wurare kamar "Romanisches Café", inda duniyar adabi ta hadu, daga cikinsu Erich Kästner da Kurt Tucholsky.[1] A watan Janairun a shekara ta 1933, Rowohlt ta buga littafinta na farko tare da shayari Lyrisches Stenogrammheft, wanda ba da daɗewa ba aka sanya shi a ƙarƙashin tantancewar Nazi, kuma shekaru biyu bayan haka littafinta na biyu Das kleine Lesebuch für Große ya bayyana, kuma tare da mai bugawa Rowohlt . [2]
A cikin shekara ta 1938, Kaléko ta yi hijira zuwa Amurka tare da mijinta na biyu, mawaƙi daga]-linkid="98" -mw='{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"ill","href":"./Template:Ill"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"Chemjo Vinaver"},"2":{"wt":"de"}},"i":0}}]}' data-mw-i18n='{"title":{"lang":"x-page","key":"red-link-title","params":["Chemjo Vinaver"]}}' data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" href="./Chemjo_Vinaver?action=edit&redlink=1" id="mwRg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Chemjo Vinaver" typeof="mw:Transclusion mw:LocalizedAttrs">Chemjo Vinaver [de], da ɗansu mai shekara guda Steven Vinaver[de], [2] wanda ya zama marubuci da kuma wasan kwaikwayo a rayuwar manya. Steven ya yi rashin lafiya tare da pancreatitis yayin da yake jagorantar wasan kwaikwayo a Massachusetts, kuma ya mutu a 1968 yana da shekaru 31.[2] Yayinda yake a Amurka, Kaléko ya zauna a wurare da yawa (Birnin New York da 'yan watanni a California) har sai ya zauna a titin Minetta a ƙauyen Greenwich na Birnin New York a 1942. Gidan da take da shi a bene na biyar Minetta Street ya kasance mafaka mai aminci da take tunawa da shi da farin ciki. Kaléko ya zama mai ba da abinci ga iyalin tare da ayyuka marasa kyau, gami da wasu kwafin rubutu don tallace-tallace. [2][1] Fatan dangin na yiwuwar aiki ga Chemjo a masana'antar fina-finai ya rushe, kuma sun koma New York bayan ɗan gajeren lokaci a Hollywood.[1] The Schoenhof Verlag a Cambridge, Massachusetts ya buga littafin Kaléko na uku "Verse für Zeitgenossen" a shekarar 1945 (Jamusanci a shekarar 1958 ta Rowohlt Verlag). [2] [1][1]
A shekara ta 1956, Kaléko ya koma Berlin a karon farko. Shekaru uku bayan haka ya kamata ta karbi kyautar Fontane, wanda ta ƙi tun lokacin da tsohon Nazi kuma memba na Waffen-SS, Hans Egon Holthusen, ya kasance memba na juri.[1]
A shekara ta 1959, Kaléko ta koma Yammacin Urushalima, Isra'ila, tunda mijinta, wanda ke gudanar da bincike kan waƙoƙin Hassidic, yana da yanayin aiki mafi kyau a can. Ba ta da ilimin Ibrananci kuma saboda haka an ware ta.[1][2]
Kaléko ta mutu a watan Janairun shekara ta 1975 a Zürich, inda ta yi rashin lafiya a kan hanyar komawa Urushalima daga ziyarar karshe a Berlin. An binne ta a Isralitischer Friedhof Oberer Friesenberg . [3]
Kyauta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Wasu daga cikin waƙoƙin Kaléko an buga su bayan mutuwarsa, gami da "Sozusagen grundlos vergnügt", a cikin 1977 a cikin tarin In meinen Träumen läutet es Sturm (A cikin mafarkai, guguwa tana sha). [4] daga]-linkid="123" data-mw='{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"ill","href":"./Template:Ill"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"Gisela Zoch-Westphal"},"2":{"wt":"de"}},"i":0}}]}' data-mw-i18n='{"title":{"lang":"x-page","key":"red-link-title","params":["Gisela Zoch-Westphal"]}}' data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" href="./Gisela_Zoch-Westphal?action=edit&redlink=1" id="mwjg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Gisela Zoch-Westphal" typeof="mw:Transclusion mw:LocalizedAttrs">Gisela Zoch-Westphal [de] ce ta shirya shi, wanda Kaléko ta danƙa masa rubuce-rubucen da ba a buga ba.[5]
An yi ƙoƙari daban-daban don fassara waƙoƙi zuwa Turanci. A watan Maris na shekara ta 2010, a karo na farko, wakilan waƙoƙin Kaléko sun bayyana a cikin fassarar Turanci a cikin littafin 'Babu inda na yi tafiya, na zo Nowhereland': Waƙoƙin Mascha Kaléko (Jami'ar Vermont, 2010, shafuka 112). Marubucin, Andreas Nolte, ya zaɓi waƙoƙi daga kowane bangare na rayuwar mawaki. Fassararsa suna bin asalin matani na Jamusanci yadda ya kamata don kula da abubuwan Kalékoesque, diction, rhythm, da rhyme. Takaitaccen gabatarwa yana ba da ƙarin bayani game da tarihin Kaléko mai ban mamaki.
A Berlin, an sanya titin da wurin shakatawa bayan ta, kuma an sanya takardar tunawa a tsohon gidanta. A ranar 16 ga Satumba, 2020, Google ta yi bikin ta da Google Doodle . [6]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "Mascha Kaléko". University of Düsseldorf (in Jamusanci). Retrieved 16 September 2020.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Horsley, Joey. "Mascha Kaléko". fembio.org (in Jamusanci). Retrieved 16 September 2020.
- ↑ "Zürich: Jüdischer Friedhof – Oberer Friesenberg" (in German). alemannia-judaica.de. Retrieved 18 December 2015.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ↑ Isenmann, Ingrid. "'Mascha Kaléko: Das lyrische Stenogrammheft'". literaturundkunst.net (in German). Retrieved 28 October 2018.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ↑ Hoenig, Verena (18 July 2007). "Mascha Kaléko – Sozusagen grundlos vergnügt". Börsenverein des Deutschen Buchhandels (in German). Archived from the original on 28 October 2018. Retrieved 28 October 2018.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ↑ "Celebrating Mascha Kaléko". Google. 16 September 2020.