Jump to content

Matenadaran

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Matenadaran

Bayanai
Suna a hukumance
Մատենադարան
Iri art museum (en) Fassara, archives (en) Fassara, research institute (en) Fassara, literary museum (en) Fassara da matenadaran (en) Fassara
Ƙasa Armeniya
Subdivisions
Anania Shirakatsi statue (en) Fassara
Frik Monument (en) Fassara
Grigor Tatevatsi Monument (en) Fassara
Mesrop Mashtots statue (en) Fassara
Monument to Mkhitar Gosh (en) Fassara
Movses Khorenatsi Monument (en) Fassara
Q42807269 Fassara
Q42807288 Fassara
Q42807451 Fassara
Toros Roslin monument (en) Fassara
Tarihi
Ƙirƙira 1921
3 ga Maris, 1959

matenadaran.am

The Matenadaran (Armenian: Մատենադարան), officially the Mesrop Mashtots Institute of Ancient Manuscripts,[lower-alpha 1] is the largest center for the storage, study and popularization of Armenian manuscripts, combining the functions of a museum, archive and scientific institution. It is holds the most extensive collection of Armenian manuscripts in existence.

An kafa shi a shekara ta 1959 bisa ga tarin kasa na Ikilisiyar Armeniya, wanda aka gudanar a Etchmiadzin. Tarinsa ya karu a hankali tun lokacin da aka kafa shi, galibi daga gudummawar mutum. Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun wuraren tarihi na Yerevan, an sanya masa suna ne bayan Mesrop Mashtots, wanda ya kirkiro haruffa na Armeniya, wanda mutum-mutumi yake tsaye a gaban ginin. An haɗa tarin sa a cikin rajistar shirin UNESCO Memory of the World.

Sunan

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Kalmar Matanadaran wani fili ne wanda ya ƙunshi Matatan, ("littafi" ko "parchment") da daran ("repository"). Dukkanin kalmomin sun fito ne daga asalin Farisa ta Tsakiya. Kodayake wani lokacin ana fassara shi a matsayin "scriptorium" a cikin Turanci, fassarar da ta fi dacewa ita ce "ma'aikatar ajiya ko ɗakin karatu na rubuce-rubuce.[1] [2] A cikin Armenia ta zamani, an yi amfani da kalmar matenadaran a cikin ma'anar ɗakin karatu kamar yadda aka rubuta dukkan littattafai da hannu.[3][lower-alpha 2][10] [lower-alpha 3]

Wasu wuraren adana rubuce-rubucen Armeniya a duniya har yanzu an san su da Matanadaran, kamar waɗanda ke gidan ibada na Mekhitarist a San Lazzaro, Venice [1] da kuma Armenian Patriarchate na Constantinople, [2] da kuma Vatche da Tamar Manoukian Manuscript Depository a Uwar See na Etchmiadzin Mai Tsarki. [3] Don rarrabe shi daga wasu, galibi ana kiransa Matenadaran na Yerevan, Yerevan Matenadaran, ko Mashtots Matenadaran (Մ jogarոց Մատադարան).[4][4][5][6][7]

Tarihi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Tsofaffin tarihi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An fara ambaton ajiyar rubuce-rubuce a Armenia a rubuce-buce na masanin tarihi na ƙarni na biyar Ghazar Parpetsi, wanda ya lura da kasancewar irin wannan ajiya a Etchmiadzin Catholicosate a Vagharshapat, cibiyar Ikilisiyar Manzanni ta Armeniya, inda aka adana mataniyar Helenanci da Armeniya.[11] An adana wuraren adana rubuce-rubuce a manyan gidajen ibada a Armenia ta zamani, kamar su a Haghpat (Haghpat Matanadaran), Sanahin, Saghmosavank, Tatev, Geghard, Kecharis, Hromkla, da Bardzraberd.[7] A wasu lokuta, ɗakunan monastic suna da tsari daban-daban a matsayin wuraren adana rubuce-rubuce. Wani lokaci ana tura rubuce-rubuce zuwa koguna don kauce wa lalacewa daga masu mamaye kasashen waje.[7] Dubban rubuce-rubuce a Armenia sun lalace a cikin ƙarni na goma zuwa goma sha biyar a lokacin mamayar Turkic da Mongol. A cewar masanin tarihin Armeniya na zamani Stepanos Orbelian, Turks Seljuk ne ke da alhakin ƙone rubuce-rubucen Armeniya sama da 10,000 a Baghaberd a cikin 1170. [11]

Tarihi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
An adana rubuce-rubucen da daga baya suka zama ainihin tarin Matenadaran, kafin a zama ƙasa, a wannan ginin da aka gina a 1911 a gidan ibada na Etchmiadzin. [12] [13]

Tarin Matenadaran ya samo asali ne daga tarin Etchmiadzin da aka kafa a 1441, lokacin da Katolika ya dawo daga Sis a Cilicia.[13] An sace Matenadaran a Etchmiadzin sau da yawa, na ƙarshe ya faru a 1804, a lokacin Yakin Russo-Persian . Daular Rasha ta mamaye Gabashin Armenia a farkon karni na 19 ya samar da yanayi mai ɗorewa don adana sauran rubuce-rubucen.[11] Ganin cewa a cikin 1828 masu kula da Matenadaran sun tsara tarin rubuce-rubuce 1,809 kawai, a cikin 1863 tarin ya karu zuwa rubuce-buce 2,340 kuma a cikin 1892 zuwa rubuce'rubuce 3,158.[13] Kafin Yaƙin Duniya na I, a cikin 1913, tarin ya kai rubuce-rubuce 4,660. [11] [13] A cikin 1915, an aika tarin zuwa Moscow don kiyayewa tunda Etchmiadzin yana kusa da yankin yaƙi.

An lalata dubban rubuce-rubucen Armeniya a lokacin Kisan kiyashi na Armeniya a Daular Ottoman, amma an ceci kusan 1,600 daga Vaspurakan (Lim, Ktuts, Varag), Taron (Surb Karapet Monastery), Erzurum (Sanasarian College), da sauran wurare.[13]

Gine-gine

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Babban / tsohuwar ginin Matenadaran
Siffofin Mesrop Mashtots da almajirinsa Koryun na Ghukas Chubaryan (1962).
Gidan shiga tare da mural na Yakin Avarayr
Ɗaya daga cikin murals guda uku, wanda ke nuna haruffa na Armeniya, ƙa'idar daga Movses Khorenatsi, Khaskar, sake fasalin Cathedral na Zvartnots, da kuma rubutun haske.

Manazarta

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  1. ↑ Մեսրոպ Մաշտոցի անվան հին ձեռագրերի ինստիտուտ, Mesrop Mashtotsi anvan hin dzeragreri institut
  2. ↑ The Matenadaran has sometimes been called a library.[4][5][6]
  3. ↑ In modern Eastern Armenian, the term gradaran has replaced it for "library", while in Western Armenian the word matenadaran continues to be used for "library".[7]
  1. ↑ "APIA 00248". vhmml.org. Hill Museum & Manuscript Library. Archived from the original on 23 March 2020. Armenian Patriarchate of Istanbul, Azgayin Matenadaran
  2. ↑ "Opening of new Matenadaran in Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin". Armenpress. 18 October 2012. Archived from the original on 11 April 2020.
  3. ↑ Abrahamian 2006.
  4. ↑ Stone, Michael E. (1991). Selected Studies in Pseudepigrapha and Apocrypha: With Special Reference to the Armenian Tradition. BRILL. p. 106. ISBN 9789004093430.
  5. ↑ Hunt, Lucy-Anne (2009). "Eastern Christian Iconographic and Architectural Traditions: Oriental Orthodox". In Perry, Kenz (ed.). The Blackwell Companion to Eastern Christianity. John Wiley & Sons. p. 398. ISBN 9780470766392.
  6. ↑ Marshall, D. N. (1983). History of Libraries: Ancient and Mediaeval. New Delhi: Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. p. 71.
  7. 1 2 3 4 Rafael Ishkhanyan. Missing |author1= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
  8. ↑ Aghayan, Eduard (1976). Արդի հայերենի բացատրական բառարան [Explanatory Dictionary of Modern Armenian] (in Armeniyanci). Yerevan: Hayastan Publishing. p. 974.
  9. ↑ Նոր բառգիրք հայկազեան լեզուի [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armeniyanci). Venice: San Lazzaro degli Armeni. 1837. p. 215.
  10. ↑ [7][8][9]
  11. 1 2 3 4 :hy:Լևոն Զորյան. Missing |author1= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help) Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "SAE" defined multiple times with different content
  12. ↑ Hakopian, H. (1968). "Հայկական մանրանկարչութիւն. Մխիթարեան մատենադարան ձեռագրաց, Ա, Վենետիկ, 1966". Patma-Banasirakan Handes (in Armeniyanci). 3 (3): 264–269.
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 Matevosyan 2019.
Daga "https://ha.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Matenadaran&oldid=775825"