Matsalolin kiwon lafiya
| Matsalolin kiwon lafiya | |
|---|---|
Description (en)  | |
| Iri |
occupational disease (en) |
| Sanadi |
mold (en) |
| Identifier (en) | |
Al'amurran kiwon lafiya na mold suna magana ne game da illar lafiya na kyawon tsayuwa ("moulds" a cikin Ingilishi na Burtaniya) da mycotoxins.
Molds suna ko'ina a cikin biosphere, kuma mold spores wani abu ne na gama gari na gida da ƙurar wurin aiki. Mafi akasarin gyaggyarawa ba su da haɗari ga ɗan adam, kuma martani ga gyambo na iya bambanta tsakanin ɗaiɗaikun mutane, tare da ƙananan halayen rashin lafiyar da suka fi yawa. Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka ta Amurka (CDC) ta ba da rahoto a cikin rahotonta na Yuni 2006, 'Hanyoyin Rigakafin Mold da Matsalolin Lafiya a Bayan Guguwar Guguwa da Manyan Ambaliyar ruwa,' cewa "yawan fallasa ga kayan gurɓataccen ƙwayar cuta na iya haifar da mummunan tasirin lafiya a cikin mutane masu rauni ko da kuwa nau'in nau'in ƙwayar cuta. da yawa masu yawa, suna iya gabatar da haɗari musamman ga lafiyar ɗan adam bayan tsawan lokaci mai tsawo, gami da halayen rashin lafiyan ko guba ta mycotoxins, ko haifar da kamuwa da cuta na fungal (mycosis).[1]
Tasirin lafiya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Mutanen da ke da hankali (masu hankali), sun riga sun sami allergies, fuka, ko tsarin rigakafi da kuma mamaye gine-gine masu damshi ko mold suna cikin haɗarin matsalolin kiwon lafiya kamar amsawar kumburi ga mold spores, metabolites kamar mycotoxins, da sauran abubuwan da aka gyara.[2] Sauran matsalolin su ne na numfashi da/ko martanin tsarin garkuwar jiki da suka haɗa da alamun numfashi, cututtuka na numfashi, daɗaɗar asma, da wuyar rashin lafiyar ciwon huhu, rashin lafiyar alveolitis, rhinosinusitis na kullum da rashin lafiyar fungal sinusitis. Halin da mutum zai yi game da ƙurajewa ya dogara da hankalinsa da sauran yanayin kiwon lafiya, adadin ƙwayar da ake ciki, tsayin bayyanarsa, da nau'in ƙura ko ƙura.
Mafi yawan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan gida guda biyar sune Cladosporium, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Alternaria, da Trichoderma.
Wuraren daskararru waɗanda ke ba da izinin ƙirƙira don girma kuma na iya ba da damar yaduwar ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma sakin mahaɗan kwayoyin halitta masu canzawa.[3]
Alamun bayyanar mold
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Alamomin bayyanar gyaɗa na iya haɗawa da:
Ciwon hanci da sinus, hancin hanci
Matsalolin numfashi, irin su hushi da wahalar numfashi, matse kirji
Tari
Haushin makogwaro
atishawa
Tasirin lafiya dangane da asma
Mummunan illolin kiwon lafiya na numfashi suna da alaƙa da zama a cikin gine-gine tare da lalata da damshi. Jarirai a cikin gidajen da ke da gyaggyarawa suna da haɗarin kamuwa da asma da rashin lafiyar rhinitis.[4] Jarirai na iya haifar da bayyanar cututtuka na numfashi saboda fallasa ga wani nau'in nau'in fungal, wanda ake kira Penicillium. Alamomin da ke nuna cewa jariri na iya samun matsalolin numfashi masu alaƙa da ƙumburi sun haɗa da (amma ba'a iyakance ga) tari da hammata ba. Yawan bayyanar yana ƙara yuwuwar kamuwa da alamun numfashi a cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwarsu. Kimanin kashi 21% na cututtukan asma na iya haifar da kamuwa da cuta.
Bayyanar ƙwayoyin cuta suna da tasirin kiwon lafiya iri-iri dangane da mutum. Wasu mutane sun fi kula da m fiye da wasu. Fuskantar kyamarorin na iya haifar da lamuran lafiya da yawa kamar; kumburin makogwaro, cushewar hanci, ciwon ido, tari, da hushi, da kuma kumburin fata a wasu lokuta. Fitarwa ga mold kuma na iya haifar da haɓakar hankali dangane da lokaci da yanayin fallasa. Mutanen da ke cikin haɗarin kamuwa da ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta su ne mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan huhu na yau da kullun da raunin tsarin rigakafi, wanda sau da yawa kan haifar da munanan halayen idan aka fallasa su.
An sami isassun shaidun da ke nuna cewa daskararrun mahalli na cikin gida suna da alaƙa da alamun alamun numfashi na sama kamar tari, da hushi a cikin masu fama da asma.[5]
Takamaiman tasirin mold da ambaliyar ruwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Daga cikin yara da matasa, mafi yawan tasirin kiwon lafiya bayan ambaliya shine ƙananan bayyanar cututtuka na numfashi, ko da yake akwai rashin haɗuwa da ma'auni na jimlar fungi. Wani binciken kuma ya gano cewa waɗannan alamomin numfashi suna da alaƙa da fa'ida ga gidajen da aka lalatar da ruwa, fallasa sun haɗa da kasancewa a ciki ba tare da shiga cikin tsaftacewa ba. Duk da ƙananan tasirin numfashi a tsakanin dukkan yara, an sami babban bambanci a sakamakon kiwon lafiya tsakanin yaran da ke da yanayin da suka rigaya da yaran da ba su da[15]. Yaran da ke da yanayin da suka rigaya sun kasance cikin haɗari mafi girma wanda za a iya danganta su ga mafi girman rushewar kulawa yayin fuskantar ambaliyar ruwa da bala'i.[6]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Bush RK, Portnoy JM, Saxon A, Terr AI, Wood RA (February 2006). "The medical effects of mold exposure". The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 117 (2): 326–33. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2005.12.001. PMID 16514772.
- ↑ Mudarri D, Fisk WJ (June 2007). "Public health and economic impact of dampness and mold". Indoor Air. 17 (3): 226–235. Bibcode:2007InAir..17..226M. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2007.00474.x. OSTI 925535. PMID 17542835. S2CID 21709547.
- ↑ Heseltine E, Rosen J, eds. (2009). WHO guidelines for indoor air quality: dampness and mould (PDF). World Health Organization. p. 93. ISBN 978-92-890-4168-3. Retrieved February 1, 2015.
- ↑ Krieger J, Jacobs DE, Ashley PJ, Baeder A, Chew GL, Dearborn D, Hynes HP, Miller JD, Morley R, Rabito F, Zeldin DC (2010). "Housing interventions and control of asthma-related indoor biologic agents: a review of the evidence". Journal of Public Health Management and Practice. 16 (5 Suppl): S11–20. doi:10.1097/PHH.0b013e3181ddcbd9. PMC 3934496. PMID 20689369.
- ↑ Cohen A. "WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality: Dampness and Mould" (PDF). World Health Organization. Retrieved November 18, 2011
- ↑ Mendell MJ, Mirer AG, Cheung K, Tong M, Douwes J (June 2011). "Respiratory and allergic health effects of dampness, mold, and dampness-related agents: a review of the epidemiologic evidence". Environmental Health Perspectives. 119 (6): 748–56. Bibcode:2011EnvHP.119..748M. doi:10.1289/ehp.1002410. PMC 3114807. PMID 21269928.