Matsin ɗaki mara kyau
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Matsi mara kyau shine dabarar warewa da ake amfani da ita a asibitoci da cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya don hana gurɓatawar giciye daga ɗaki zuwa ɗaki. Ya haɗa da iska wanda ke haifar da matsin lamba mara kyau (matsin lamba ƙasa da na kewayen) don ba da damar iska ta gudana cikin ɗakin keɓewa amma ba ta tsere daga dakin ba, kamar yadda iska za ta gudana daga wuraren da ke da matsin hankali zuwa wuraren da ke ƙarƙashin matsin lamba, don haka hana iska mai gurbatawa daga tserewa daga dakin. Ana amfani da wannan dabarar don ware marasa lafiya tare da cututtukan da ke yaduwa na iska kamar mura (flu), kyanda, chickenpox, tarin fuka (TB), ciwon numfashi mai tsanani (SARS-CoV), ciwon huhu na Gabas ta Tsakiya (MERS-CoV), da kuma cutar coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19).[1]
Hanyar aiki
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Ana haifar da matsin lamba mara kyau kuma ana kiyaye shi a cikin ɗaki ta hanyar tsarin iska wanda ke ci gaba da ƙoƙarin fitar da iska daga ɗaki. Ana ba da izinin maye gurbin iska a cikin dakin ta hanyar rata a ƙarƙashin ƙofar (yawanci game da rabin inci ɗaya). Sai dai ga wannan rata, dakin yana da iska kamar yadda zai yiwu, yana ba da izinin iska kaɗan ta hanyar tsagewa da gibin, kamar waɗanda ke kewaye da windows, kayan hasken wuta da hanyoyin lantarki. Rashin ruwa daga waɗannan tushe na iya sa ya fi wuya kuma ya fi ƙarancin makamashi don kula da matsin lamba na ɗaki.
Saboda gabaɗaya akwai abubuwan da ke cikin iska mai ƙarancin kamar gurɓataccen sinadarai, microorganisms, ko isotopes na rediyo waɗanda ba za a yarda da su ba don saki a cikin yanayin waje da ke kewaye da su, dole ne aƙalla, a kasancewar iska don ba za ta fallasa mutane ko wasu wuraren da aka mamaye ba. Yawancin lokaci ya gaji daga rufin ginin. Koyaya, a wasu lokuta, kamar su tare da ƙwayoyin cuta masu yaduwa sosai a cikin ɗakuna na 4 na tsaron halittu, dole ne a fara tace iska ta hanyar inji ko kuma a kashe ta hanyar radiation na ultraviolet ko hanyoyin sunadarai kafin a sake shi zuwa yanayin waje da ke kewaye. Game da wuraren nukiliya, ana saka idanu kan iska don kasancewar isotopes na rediyo kuma yawanci ana tace su kafin a gaji da su ta hanyar tsayi mai tsayi don a saki shi sama a cikin iska daga wuraren da aka mamaye. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida][ana buƙatar hujja][<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2022)">citation needed</span>]
Kulawa da jagororin
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A shekara ta 2003, CDC ta buga jagororin kan kula da kamuwa da cuta, wanda ya haɗa da shawarwari game da ɗakunan keɓewar matsin lamba mara kyau.[2] Har yanzu babu shi daga CDC shawarwari na sa ido kan dakin keɓewa mai tsanani. Wannan ya haifar da asibitoci da ke haɓaka manufofin kansu, kamar Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Cleveland. Hanyoyin da aka saba amfani da su don sa ido mai zurfi sun haɗa da hayaki ko gwajin nama da kuma lokaci-lokaci (ba a ci gaba ba) ko ci gaba da sa ido kan matsin lantarki.
Gwajin hayaki / ƙwayoyin
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Wannan gwajin yana amfani da hayaki ko takarda don tantance matsin lamba na ɗaki. Ana sanya kwayar hayaki ko nama kusa da ƙofar, idan an ja hayaki ko kwayar a ƙarƙashin ƙofar, ɗakin yana da matsin lamba. Fa'idodin wannan gwajin shine cewa yana da tsada sosai kuma yana da sauƙin yin ma'aikatan asibiti. Rashin fa'idodi shine cewa ba gwaji ne na ci gaba ba kuma ba ya auna girman. Ba tare da ma'auni don girman ba, ɗakunan keɓewa na iya zama ƙasa ko matsin lamba, duk da cewa gwajin hayaki / ƙwayoyin yana da kyau. Wani shawarar CDC ta 1994 ya bayyana cewa ya kamata a bincika ɗakunan keɓewar tarin fuka kowace rana don matsin lamba mara kyau yayin da ake amfani da su don keɓewar TB. Idan ba a amfani da waɗannan ɗakunan ga marasa lafiya waɗanda ake zargi ko tabbatar da tarin fuka amma ana iya amfani da su ga irin waɗannan marasa lafiya, ya kamata a bincika matsin lamba a cikin ɗakunan kowane wata.
Ci gaba da sa ido kan matsin lantarki
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Wannan gwajin yana amfani da na'urar lantarki tare da tashar matsin lamba a cikin ɗakin keɓewa da tashar keɓewa a cikin gangaren don ci gaba da saka idanu kan bambancin matsin lamba tsakanin sarari. Fa'idodin wannan nau'in saka idanu shine cewa gwajin yana ci gaba kuma ƙararrawa zai faɗakar da ma'aikata game da canje-canjen matsin lamba marasa so. Rashin fa'idodin wannan saka idanu shine cewa tashar jiragen ruwa na matsin lamba na iya gurɓata da ƙwayoyin cuta wanda zai iya haifar da rashin daidaito da ƙararrawa na ƙarya, na'urorin suna da tsada don saya da shigarwa, kuma dole ne a horar da ma'aikata don amfani da daidaita waɗannan na'urori saboda bambancin matsin lamba da aka yi amfani da shi don cimma matsin lamba mara kyau yana buƙatar amfani da na'urodi masu mahimmanci, na'urar lantarki, ko ma'aunin matsin lamba don tabbatar da daidaitattun ma'auni.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Hoffman, P. N.; Weinbren, M. J.; Stuart, S. A. (2004). "A practical lesson in negative-pressure isolation ventilation". The Journal of Hospital Infection. 57 (4): 345–6. doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2004.04.013. PMID 15262397.
- ↑ CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2003). "Guidelines for Environmental Infection Control in Health-Care Facilities". Retrieved 2020-04-17.