Mbandaka

Mbandaka
Suna saboda	Ikwaita da Camille-Aimé Coquilhat (en)
Wuri
0°02′55″N 18°15′37″E
Ƴantacciyar ƙasa	Jamhuriyar dimokuradiyya Kwango
Province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (en)	Lardin Coquilhatville
Babban birnin	Lardin Coquilhatville
Yawan mutane
Faɗi	470,307 (2023)
• Yawan mutane	1,022.41 mazaunan/km²
Labarin ƙasa
Yawan fili	460 km²
Altitude (en)	370 m
Bayanan tarihi
Ƙirƙira	1883

[mbaˈnda.ka], wanda aka fi sani da Coquilhatville a Faransanci, ko Coquilhatstad a Yaren mutanen Holland) birni ne a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo da ke kusa da haɗuwar kogin Kongo da Ruki . Shi ne babban birnin lardin Equateur.

An kafa birnin ne a 1883 ta hanyar mai binciken Burtaniya Henry Morton Stanley a ƙarƙashin sunan Équateurville.

Hedikwatar Yankin Sojan Ruwa na huɗu na Sojan Rukunin Ruwa na Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo tana cikin birnin.

Yanayin ƙasa

Mbandaka tana kan gabas na Kogin Kongo a ƙarƙashin bakin Kogin Ruki, wani yanki na Kogin Congo. Kudancin ajiyar Ngiri, babban yanki na gandun daji a gefen Congo, yana tsakiyar yankin Tumba-Ngiri-Maindombe.

Bayyanawa

Mbandaka ita ce babban birnin lardin Équateur, kuma tana da nisan kilomita kaɗan daga ma'auni. Gida ce ga Filin jirgin saman Mbandaka kuma an haɗa ta da tafiya ta kwana huɗu zuwa bakwai ta hanyar jirgin ruwa zuwa Kinshasa da Boende. Kinshasa yana da sa'a daya a cikin jirgin sama.

Mutanen ƙabilar Mongo ne suka fi yawan jama'ar Mbandaka, kodayake mutane daga kabilun da yankuna daban-daban suna zaune a cikin birni. Manyan harsunan da ake magana a Mbandaka sune Lingala, Faransanci, da Mongo.

Shekaru na yaki da sakaci sun haifar da lalacewar ababen more rayuwa na birni; manyan yankuna na birni ba su da wutar lantarki ko ruwa mai gudana. Yawancin tituna da hanyoyin birni hanyoyi ne marasa tsabta.

Tarihi

Ginin Bankin Belgian Congo

Mbandaka an kafa shi ne a cikin 1883 ta hanyar mai binciken Burtaniya Henry Morton Stanley, wanda ya ba shi suna ""Equateurville".". (A lokacin yankin yana ƙarƙashin mulkin Sarki Leopold II, sarkin Belgium kuma harshen hukuma Faransanci ne.)

A shekara ta 1886, a farkon mulkin mallaka, 'yan Belgium sun canza sunan garin zuwa "Coquilhatville" suna kiransa bayan Camille-Aimé Coquilhat .

A cikin 1938, an fara aiki a kan gada a kan Kogin Kongo wanda ke haɗa Coquilhatville da Kongo na Faransa (yanzu Jamhuriyar Kongo). An watsar da aikin a lokacin barkewar Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, kuma kawai tushe na ginshiƙan gada ne ya rage. A cikin shekarun 1930, Gwamnatin Kwango ta Belgium ta fara ayyukan da yawa, gami da masana'antu da sabon zauren gari.

An kammala zauren birni a 1947, jim kadan bayan karshen yakin duniya na biyu. A wannan lokacin, tare da tsawo na 39 metres (128 ft) , shine gini mafi tsayi a Belgian Congo. An shigar da mutum-mutumi na Leopold II a kan rufinsa. Wutar ta lalata zauren gari a 1963.

Bayan da Belgian Congo ta sami 'yancin kanta a matsayin Jamhuriyar Kongo, sabuwar gwamnati ta canza sunan wannan birni a 1966 zuwa "Mbandaka" don girmama wani fitaccen shugaban yankin.

Kisan kiyashi na Hutu

Kusan ƙarshen Yaƙin Kongo na farko a ƙarshen ƙarni na 20, an kashe daruruwan mutane (musamman 'yan gudun hijira na Hutu, mata, da yara) a nan a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1997 . Sojojin Kongo sun ce umarnin ya fito ne daga Col. Wilson, shugaban brigade na sojojin Kabila, da kuma Col. Richard, shugaban ayyukan brigade, duka Rwandan. Janar Gaston Muyango (Congolese) yana da taken kwamandan soja amma ba shi da iko na gaske, sun ce.

Yaduwar cutar Ebola

On 16 May 2018, a case of Ebola occurred in the city, the disease having spread there from an outbreak in the countryside. A new outbreak was reported on 1 June 2020. Three cases were confirmed by the WHO and three cases are probable, of whom four people had died as of June 2, 2020.