Melicertes

Melicertes
Greek water deities (en)
Bayanai
Jinsi	namiji
Wajen rufewa	Grave of Melicertes at the Isthmus (en)
Uba	Athamas (en)
Uwa	Ino (en)
Dangi	Learchus (en)

A cikin tatsuniyoyin Helenanci, Melicertes Girkanci na dā: Μελικέρτης, , wani lokacin Melecertes, daga baya ake kira Palaemon ko Palaimon (Παλαίμων), yarima ne na Boeotian a matsayin ɗan Sarki Athamas da Ino, 'yar Sarki Cadmus na Thebes. Shi ɗan'uwan Learchus ne.

Labaran Tarihi

"The Insane Athamas Killing Learchus, Yayinda Ino da Melicertor ke Jumping into the Sea" by Wilhelm Janson (Holland, Amsterdam), Antonio Tempesta (Italy, Florence, 1555-1630) a Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Los Angeles

Ino, wanda mijinta ya bi, wanda Hera ya haukace shi saboda Ino ya haifi jariri Dionysus, ya jefa kanta da Melicertes cikin teku daga wani dutse mai tsawo tsakanin Megara da Koranti, kuma dukansu biyu an canza su cikin alloli na ruwa: Ino a matsayin Leucothea, wanda Homer ya lura, Melicertes a matsayin Palaemon. Wani Dolphin ne ya ɗauki jikin wannan na ƙarshe zuwa Isthmus na Koranti kuma ya ajiye shi a ƙarƙashin itacen pine. A nan ne kawunsa Sisyphus ya same shi, wanda ya cire shi zuwa Koranti, kuma ta hanyar umarnin Nereids ya kafa Wasannin Isthmian da hadayu don girmama shi.

A cikin wallafe-wallafen da fasaha

Palaemon ya bayyana a karo na farko a cikin Iphigeneia na Euripides a Tauris, inda ya riga ya zama "mai kula da jiragen ruwa". Babban ganewa a cikin mawaƙa na Latin na zamanin Augustan yana tare da Portunus, allahn Romawa na tashar jiragen ruwa masu aminci, wanda ba za a iya mantawa da shi ba a cikin Virgil's Georgics . Ovid sau biyu ya ba da labarin Ino ta teku da Melicertes a hannunta.

Maganin Ovid a cikin Fasti shine na farko don gano Isthmus na Koranti a matsayin wurin, kodayake ba tare da sunansa ba: A cikin mawaƙa na Latin daga baya akwai alamomi da yawa na Palaemon tare da wuri mai tsarki a Isthmus, inda ba a sami wata hujja ta archaeological don bautar pre-Augustan ba.

Hyginus ya bayyana cewa Ino ta jefa kanta cikin teku tare da ƙaramin ɗanta ta Athamas, Melicertes, kuma an sanya ta allahiya, kuma cewa Ino, 'yar Cadmus, ta kashe ɗanta Melicertes ta Athamas.

A cikin ra'ayoyin Girka da Romawa, ana kallon Palaemon a matsayin yaro mai hawa Dolphin, ko yaro mai wutsiya.

Asalin

Ba a ba da asalin sunan Palaemon ba. Sunan yana nufin "mai gwagwarmaya", kuma yana da alaƙa da Heracles, wanda aka gano Melqart ta hanyar fassarar graeca kuma ana kiransa "Harakles na Tyrian", amma babu wata alaƙa ta gargajiya tsakanin Heracles da Palaemon. Melicertes kasancewar Phoenician ne, Palaemon kuma an bayyana shi a matsayin "Ubangiji mai cin wuta" (Baal-haman), amma da alama babu wani abu da ya dace tsakanin allahn teku da allahn wuta. Romawa sun gano Palaemon tare da Portunus (allahn tashar jiragen ruwa), kuma wasu sun ɗauki sunan Palaemon don nufin "mai cin zuma". [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida]

Addini

A ƙarshen ƙarni na 2 AZ, a cikin masallacin Poseidon a Isthmia, Pausanias ya ga haikalin Palaemon: Tare da Leucothea, an yi kira ga Melicertes / Palaemon don kariya daga haɗari a teku.

Akwai shakku mai yawa ko bautar Melicertes ta kasance ta kasashen waje ne, mai yiwuwa Phoenician, asalin, kuma masu ba da hanya na Phoenician ne suka gabatar da su a bakin teku da tsibirai na Aegean da Bahar Rum. Ga Helenawa shi ɗan asalin Boeotia ne.

A shekara ta 1956, binciken da aka yi a Isthmia a karkashin jagorancin Broneer ya gano karamin masallacin Palaemon, wanda daga ƙarshe ya sami karamin haikalin Roman a cikin tsari na Koranti, wanda ya bayyana a kan tsabar kudi na Koranti a ƙarni na 2 AZ; shi ne magajin matakai biyu na gine-gine na masallacin. An gano harsashin haikalin a kan layin farawa na ƙarshen karni na 5 ko farkon karni na 4 KZ. Bautar ta kasance ta hanyar keɓewar daruruwan fitilun mai na musamman. Wani addinin Melicertes na zamanin d ̄ a, mai yiwuwa ya dogara ne akan adadi na pre-Hellenic na Ino da Melicertes, wanda Will ya gabatar, kafin binciken shafin : 168-180, 210-212 kuma Hawthorne ya karyata shi a cikin 1958.

Bayanan da aka ambata

• Euripides, The Complete Greek Drama, wanda Whitney J. Oates da Eugene O'Neill, Jr. suka shirya a cikin kundi biyu. 1. Iphigenia a cikin Tauris, wanda Robert Potter ya fassara. Birnin New York Gidan Random. 1938. Shafin kan layi a Perseus Digital Library.
• Euripides, Euripidis Fabulae. tashi. 2. Gilbert Murray Oxford. [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] 1913. Rubutun Helenanci yana samuwa a Perseus Digital Library.
• Fontenrose, Joseph Eddy, Python: Nazarin Tarihin Delphic da Asalinsa, Jami'ar California Press, 1959. .ISBN 9780520040915
• Fowler, R. L. (2013), Farkon Girkanci Mythography: Volume 2: Commentary, Oxford University Press, 2013. .ISBN 978-0198147411
• Gaius Julius Hyginus, Fabulae daga The Myths of Hyginus wanda Mary Grant ta fassara kuma ta shirya. Jami'ar Kansas Littattafai a cikin Nazarin Dan Adam. Shafin kan layi a cikin Topos Text Project .
• Homer, The <i id="mwAW8">Odyssey</i> tare da fassarar Turanci ta AT Murray, PH. D. a cikin kundi biyu. [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9], Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1919. . ISBN 978-0674995611Shafin kan layi a Perseus Digital Library. Rubutun Helenanci yana samuwa daga wannan shafin yanar gizon.
• Publius Ovidius Naso, Fasti wanda James G. Frazer ya fassara. Shafin kan layi a cikin Topos Text Project .
• [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] Sir James George Frazer. London; Cambridge, MA. William Heinemann Ltd.; Harvard University Press. 1933. Rubutun Latin yana samuwa a Perseus Digital Library.
• Publius Ovidius Naso, Metamorphoses wanda Brookes More ya fassara (1859-1942). Boston, Cornhill Publishing Co. 1922. Shafin kan layi a Perseus Digital Library.
• [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] Hugo Magnus Gotha, Jamus An dafa shi. Andr. Farashinsa. 1892. Rubutun Latin yana samuwa a Perseus Digital Library.
• Publius Vergilius Maro, Bucolics, Aeneid, da Georgics na Vergil. J. B. Greenough. Boston. Ginn & Co. 1900. Shafin kan layi a Perseus Digital Library.