Melitta Marxer
 Melitta Marxer | |
|---|---|
| Rayuwa | |
| Haihuwa |
Schaanwald (en)  , 8 Satumba 1923 |
| ƙasa | Liechtenstein |
| Mutuwa |
Vaduz (en) , 13 ga Faburairu, 2015 |
| Sana'a | |
| Sana'a |
suffragist (en) |
Melitta Marxer (8 Satumba 1923 - 13 Fabrairu 2015) yar gwagwarmayar Liechtensteiner ce wacce ta kwashe shekaru da yawa tana tsarawa da gwagwarmaya don zaben mata. An fi saninta da yin magana a Majalisar Turai a 1983 don samun goyon bayan kasa da kasa kan 'yancin mata na zabe.
Tarihin Rayuwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Melitta Kaiser [1] a ranar 8 ga Satumba 1923 [2] a Schaanwald, Liechtenstein, kuma ta girma a can tare da 'yan uwanta hudu. Bayan ta kammala karatun sakandare, Kaiser ta tafi aiki a masana'antar keramics. A shekara 25, ta bar masana'antar lokacin da ta yi aure [3] Felix Marxer (1922-1997) a 1949 kuma ta fara danginsu. [1] Yayin da 'ya'yanta mata guda uku suka girma, ta ƙara fahimtar rashin daidaito da ma'auni biyu da ke fuskantar mata a Liechtenstein da kuma gaskiyar cewa mijinta ne kawai zai iya kada kuri'a a zabe. [3] Ta tallafa wa 'ya'yanta mata a cikin sha'awarsu na neman ilimi [3] kuma ta shiga yakin neman 'yan mata su halarci makarantar sakandare, wanda aka samu a cikin 1960s. [4]
–Melitta Marxer[5]
Daga nan sai Marxer da sauran masu ra’ayin mata suka mayar da hankalinsu ga kuri’ar raba gardama da aka gudanar a shekara ta 1968 don zaben mata, wanda bai yi nasara ba. Matan sun kafa kwamitin neman yancin mata ( German Frauenstimmrecht ) don yin aiki don samun kuri'a. [4] A cikin 1971 da 1973, ƙuri'ar raba gardama ta gaza tare da yawancin toshe hannun jari. [6] Ba zai iya yin gaba ba, a cikin 1981, Marxer da sauran mata suka kafa Aktion Dornröschen, [4] wanda a zahiri yana nufin fure mai ƙaya, amma wasa ne akan kalmomi don sunan Jamusanci na tatsuniya " Barci Beauty ". [5] Matan sun gabatar da koke ga kotun tsarin mulkin kasar suna zargin an tauye musu hakkinsu. A 1982, an yi watsi da karar. [4] Gwamnati ta ki ta sake duba lamarin, inda ta tilastawa Marxer da wasu masu fafutukar Beauty 11 daukar wani mataki. [7] Sun zaga ko'ina cikin Turai suna magana game da rashin haƙƙinsu. A cikin 1983, sun isa Strasbourg, Faransa, [5] inda Marxer da sauran suka gabatar da damuwarsu a gaban Majalisar Turai . [4] Matakin dai ya jawo suka a cikin gida, saboda sanya kasar a idon duniya, amma ya yi tasiri. [5] A ranar 2 ga Yuli, 1984, maza masu jefa ƙuri'a a Liechtenstein sun ba da cikakken haƙƙin jefa ƙuri'a ga mata. [6]
A cikin 2002, an yi wani fim na Swiss Die andere Hälfte, (The Other Rabin), wanda ya ba da labarin Marxer da gwagwarmayar 'yancin mata a Liechtenstein. [7] Marxer ya mutu a ranar 13 ga Fabrairu, 2015. [2]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]ambato
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Ospelt 1997.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Sterbebilder 2015.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Kvinnemuseet 2016.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Frauenwahl 2011.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Gardner & Kries 2009.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 The New York Times 1984.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Die andere Hälfte 2003.
Tushe
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Gardner, Nicky; Kries, Susanne (22 June 2009). "A Liechtenstein moment". Hidden Europe Magazine. Retrieved 11 March 2016.
- Ospelt, Alois (29 November 1997). "Lebenslauf Felix Marxer". Historischer Verein (in German). Jahrbuch des Historischen Vereins, Band 100. Retrieved 11 March 2016.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- "Die andere Hälfte". Isolde Marxer (in German). 2003. Archived from the original on 13 April 2021. Retrieved 11 March 2016.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- "Melitta Marxer (f. 1923)". Kvinnemuseet (in Norwegian). 2016. Retrieved 11 March 2016.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- "Marxer Melitta-Kaiser _2015". Sterbebilder (in German). 9 April 2015. Archived from the original on 25 January 2019. Retrieved 11 March 2016.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- "With prayers and waiting, women will never reach their goal". Frauenwahl. Kommission für die Gleichstellung von Frau und Mann. 2011. Retrieved 11 March 2016.[dead link]