Mohammed Ameziane

Mohammed Ameziane
Rayuwa
Haihuwa	Zeghanghane (en) , 1859
Mutuwa	15 Mayu 1912
Karatu
Makaranta	Jami'ar al-Karaouine : Shari'a
Harsuna	Larabci Abzinanci
Sana'a
Sana'a	Mai kare Haƙƙin kai, qadi (en) da Amghar (title) (en)
Aikin soja
Ya faɗaci	Kert campaign

Mohammed ben al-Hajj Amezian (1859 - 15 ga Mayu 1912), wanda kuma Spaniya suka fi sani da El Mizzian, wani sharifi ne na Moroko wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin babban jagoran Rifian adawa da mulkin Spain a arewacin Maroko kafin hawan Abd el-Krim a shekarar 1921.

Rayuwar farko

Sharif Mohamed Amezian ya kasance daga dangin Sharifan Larabawa waɗanda suka samo asali daga zuriyar Hasan ibn Ali da Fatima. An yi imanin cewa Amezian ya fito ne daga zuriyar Idrisid Hammudids da ke zaune a cikin ƙabilar Qala'iya. Iyalinsa sun kirkiro Zawiya Al Qadiria wanda kuma Zawiya na Sidi Ahmed ou Abdsalam ya fi sani da shi a Azghenghan. Amezian ya haddace Alqur'ani a cikin zawiyar mahaifinsa sannan ya shiga masallacin al-Qarawiyyin don kammala karatunsa tsakanin shekarun 1887 zuwa 1891.

Rikici da Bou Hmara

Bayan shekarar 1907, bayan dakatarwar da Bou Hmara ya yi na ayyukan hakar ma'adinai a yankin zuwa Spaniya, Ameziane ya gurfanar da tsohon. Bou hmara ya yi kokarin kama shi a farkon shekara ta 1907, amma ya yi nasarar tserewa ya kuma fake da sojojin Morocco wanda sansaninsu ke kusa da Melilla.

Ameziane ya fafata da sojojinsa a lokacin da suka yi yunkurin kawar da tawayen Bou hmara a yankin gabas. Sai dai kuma Bou hmara da tawagarsa sun yi galaba a kan Makhzen mai rauni a shekara ta 1907, sannan sauran sojojin da suka haɗa da Amezian suka fake a Melilla a farkon shekara ta 1908.

A lokacin mulkin Bou hmara a gabashin Rif ya ba wa kamfanoni biyu izini, na Spain da na Faransa, da su yi amfani da ƙarfe da gubar ma'adinan Bouifror da gina layin dogo guda biyu da ke haɗa su da Melilla. Sai dai bayan murkushe 'yan ƙabilar Ait Waryaghel da suka yi wa Bou hmara ya koma gabas ya gano cewa ƙabilar Riffian ta gabacin sun zaɓi Cherif Mohamed Amezian a matsayin shugabansu a watan Oktoban shekara ta 1908.Sun ayyukan titin jirgin ƙasa da kuma amfani da ma'adinai.

Bou hmara, ba shi da isasshen tallafin Spaniya, an tilasta masa ficewa daga yankin a ƙarshen shekarar 1908.

Tawaye da Spain

Spain ta yi amfani da tawayen Bou hmara baya ga rashin zaman lafiya da ya mamaye yankin gabas da kuma kiyayyar da ke tsakanin ƙabilun Riffian. A cikin watan Fabrairu da Maris 1909 ta sami nasarar mamaye Kariat Arekmane da Ras El Ma, sannan ta ci gaba da gina layin dogo da ma'adinai. Har ila yau, ta ci gajiyar tasirin da ƙawayenta ke da shi a yankin, ta kuma zuba musu kuɗi baya ga samar musu da sabbin makamai masu linzami, sun kasance suna goyon bayan kutsen Spain a fili, har ma da kokarin shawo kan manyan mutane da ƙabilu kan fa'idar mamayewar Spain.

Amezian ya tsaya tsayin daka wajen adawa da mamayewar Spain kuma ya ki yarda da duk wani tayi da rugujewar da Janar José Marina Vega, gwamnan soja na Melilla ya bayar. Bayan ganawa da ƙabilun rafiyan waɗanda ya yi taruka da su inda ya samu rakiyar Alfeqih Mohamed Hado Alazouzi tare da magance matsalar tsayin daka. Sa'an nan Cherif Mohamed Amezian ya jira har zuwa ƙarshen lokacin noma lokacin da manoma suke tattara amfanin gonakinsu da kuma bakin haure na lokaci-lokaci da suka dawo daga Aljeriya don nuna adawarsa ta soja ta hanyar kai hari kan Sidi Mosa a ranar 9 ga watan Yuli 1909, don haka, ya kawo ƙarshen girgizar ra'ayi da shakkun da ya fara fahimta a cikin ƙabilu.

Bayan da aka dakatar da gina hanyar jirgin ƙasa, ayyukan gine-gine sun sake komawa kuma, a ranar 9 ga watan Yuli, Ameziane ya haifar da wata ƙungiya ta Riffian (wanda ya sa su yi imani cewa za su sami goyon baya daga ƙabilun da ke makwabtaka) don kai hari ga ƙungiyar ma'aikatan Spain 13, suna kashewa da kuma yanke makogwaro na 4 daga cikinsu kuma sun raunata 3. Wannan ya haifar da ramuwar gayya ta Marina Vega, ta fara yaƙin neman zaɓe na Mellilan na biyu.