Mohammedia
 Mohammedia | |||||
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| المحمدية (al-Muḥammadiyya) (ar) | |||||
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| Suna saboda |
Mohammed V of Morocco (en)  | ||||
| Wuri | |||||
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| Constitutional monarchy (en) | Maroko | ||||
| Region of Morocco (en) | Casablanca-Settat (en) | ||||
| Prefecture of Morocco (en) | Mohammedia Prefecture (en) | ||||
| Babban birnin | |||||
| Yawan mutane | |||||
| Faɗi | 194,358 (2024) | ||||
| Home (en) | 54,738 (2024) | ||||
| Labarin ƙasa | |||||
| Altitude (en) | 17 m | ||||
Mohammedia ( Arabic ), wanda aka sani har zuwa 1960 a matsayin Fedala ( Arabic ), birni ne mai tashar jiragen ruwa a gabar tekun yamma na Morocco tsakanin Casablanca da Rabat a yankin Casablanca-Settat . Tana dauke da mafi mahimmancin matatar mai ta Morocco, Samir Refinery, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama cibiyar masana'antar man fetur ta Morocco. Tana da yawan jama'a 514,057 kamar yadda aka kiyasta a shekarar 2024. [1]
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tarihin Farko
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tashar jiragen ruwa, wacce yanzu take Mohammedia, an fara kiranta Fedala (فضالة). Sunan ya fito ne daga kalmomin Larabci Fadl Allah (prati الله) wanda ke nufin "favor of God". A cewar Graberg de Hemsö, ya fito ne daga Fayḍ Allāh, ma'ana "kyautar Allah". Har yanzu akwai alamun rawar da take takawa a karkashin Daular Almoravid. An saba zuwa shi a cikin ƙarni na 14 da 15 ta Jiragen ruwa na kasuwanci daga Turai suna neman hatsi da busassun 'ya'yan itatuwa.
A shekara ta 1773, Sultan Sidi Mohammed ben Abdallah ya sanya Fédala a matsayin wurin ajiyar hatsi na lardin Tamasna kuma ya gina Kasbah don kare shagunan ga 'yan kasuwa. Ya kuma gina fararen masallacin Al Atik.
Tsaro na Faransa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A lokacin mulkin mallaka, gasa tsakanin kasashen Yamma don tabbatar da cin zarafin tattalin arziki na Afirka ya kasance a bayan hadewar bukatun Turai a tashar jiragen ruwa na Maroko. A yankin Fédala, dangin Mannesmann na Jamus sun sami babban yanki na ƙasa.
Yarjejeniyar Nuwamba 4, 1911 tsakanin Faransa da Jamus a kan raba Afirka ta tilasta wa iyalin Mannesmann su bar ƙasashen da suka mallaka ga Georges da Jacques Hersent, masana'antun Faransa guda biyu, waɗanda suka lura da kasancewar bay na halitta, mai mahimmanci don ƙirƙirar babban tashar jiragen ruwa a farashi mai arha.
Kungiyar Hersent ta kirkiro kamfanin Franco-Moroccan a 1912 kuma ta kafa kamfanin tashar jiragen ruwa a 1914 wanda ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ci gaban Fédala. Saurin ci gaban birnin ya fara ne a kusa da tashar jiragen ruwa, wanda ya ba da damar ci gaban masana'antu daban-daban kamar kayan kifi, tsire-tsire na masana'antu, fata, yadi, da dai sauransu.
Garin da ke bakin teku ya samo asali ne a 1925 kuma an gina Esplanade a 1938. Ginin layin teku a cikin 1951 ya sanya Fédala tashar mai ta farko kuma mafi zamani a Arewacin Afirka.
Cocin Saint James (Saint Jacques), wanda ke kallon babban filin, Jean da Georges Hersent ne suka gina shi a 1934, don tunawa da ɗansu da ɗan'uwansu Jacques (3 Fabrairu 1893 - 26 Yuli 1917), wanda ya mutu a Marne a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na farko. [2]
Yaƙin Fedala
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Sojojin Amurka sun mamaye Fédala daga Tekun Atlantika a ranar 8 ga Nuwamba, 1942, a matsayin wani ɓangare na Operation Torch.[3] Cibiyar Harin Cibiyar ta Yammacin Yamma ce ta kai hari wanda ya sauka a bakin tekun Atlantika na Maroko. Saukowa ya fara ne da karfe 4 na safe.
Sabuwar Birni
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An sake sunan Fédala Mohammedia a ranar 25 ga Yuni 1960 don girmama Sarki Mohammed V, mai dawo da 'yancin kai na Maroko, a lokacin da aka kafa dutsen tushe na Samir mai. Sabon sunan yana nuna halin zamani na wannan birni.[4] A yau, birnin yana aiki ne a matsayin wurin shakatawa na bakin teku da kuma cibiyar masana'antu.[5]
Mohammedia kuma birni ne mai shakatawa wanda ke dauke da golf, kulob din tennis da sauran ayyukan nishaɗi da yawa. Bugu da kari, mutane suna kiranta madinat lwurud wa riyada wanda ke nufin "birni na furanni da wasanni".
A cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, rairayin bakin teku na Mohammedia "Sablet & Mimosa" sun jawo mutane da yawa daga Casablanca, da biranen da ke kusa. Sablet da Mimosa sun kasance a cikin ci gaba, suna gina sabbin gidajen rairayin bakin teku, villas, da kuma ƙarin saka hannun jari a cikin ƙananan kasuwanni wanda ke haifar da ƙarin ayyuka. Lokacin bazara shine kawai mafi kyawun lokacin a cikin Mohammedia kasancewar akwai ƙarin shiga saboda karuwar yawan jama'a. Akwai ayyuka masu yawa na waje ciki har da kwando, ƙwallon ƙafa, hawan igiyar ruwa, da kamun kifi. Rayuwar dare babban gogewa ce da za a kasance wani ɓangare na, gami da gidajen cin abinci da yawa, gidajen cin abincin, kulob, da kuma hanyar jirgin ruwa. Wasu wuraren zama na rairayin bakin teku waɗanda wurare ne masu kyau don hutu sune "Gidan Oubaha" da "Palm Beach". Akwai wasu ayyukan da ke gudana a cikin birnin Mohammedia da kuma ababen more rayuwa a duk faɗin birnin.[6]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "POPULATION LÉGALE DES RÉGIONS, PROVINCES, PRÉFECTURES, MUNICIPALITÉS, ARRONDISSEMENTS ET COMMUNES DU ROYAUME D'APRÈS LES RÉSULTATS DU RGPH 2014" (in Larabci and Faransanci). High Commission for Planning, Morocco. 8 April 2015. Retrieved 3 June 2016.
- ↑ "Histoire de la paroisse". Website of the Church of Saint Jacques. 2012. Retrieved 2013-10-05.
- ↑ "HyperWar: US Army in WWII: Northwest Africa: Seizing the Initiative In the West". www.ibiblio.org. Retrieved 2025-07-02.
- ↑ "MOHAMMEDIA | Centre Régional d'Investissement de Casablanca-Settat". www.casainvest.ma. Retrieved 2025-07-02.
- ↑ "Mohammedia | Coastal City, Industrial Hub, Mediterranean Port | Britannica". www.britannica.com (in Turanci). Retrieved 2025-07-02.
- ↑ "Casa Aménagement – Vecteur de développement territorial". www.casa-amenagement.ma. Retrieved 2025-07-02.