Mokele-mbembe

A cikin tatsuniyoyin Bantu da yawa, mokele-mbembe (wanda aka rubuta a matsayin "mokèlé-mbèmbé") wani abu ne mai zaman kansa wanda aka yi imanin cewa ya wanzu a cikin Kogin Kongo. An bayyana shi daban-daban a matsayin halitta mai rarrafe, ruhu, ko memba na zuriyar sauropods.

A farkon zuwa tsakiyar karni na 20, mahallin ya zama abin da ake mayar da hankali tsakanin masu bin cryptozoology da matasa duniya halitta, wanda ya haifar da balaguro da yawa da ke karkashin jagorancin cryptozoologists kuma sau da yawa matasa masu kirkirar duniya da sauran kungiyoyi ke tallafawa tare da manufar samun shaidar da ke sokewa ko saba wa yarjejeniyar kimiyya game da ka'idar juyin halitta. Masanin ilimin halittu Donald Prothero ya ce "neman Mokele-Mbembe ... wani bangare ne na kokarin da masu kirkirar halitta ke yi na kawar da ka'idar juyin halitta da koyar da kimiyya ta kowace hanya". Bugu da ƙari, Prothero ya lura cewa "mutane ne kawai da ke neman mokele-mbembe su ne ministocin halitta, ba masu ilimin halittu ba".

Koyaya, a cikin shekarun 1940, Roy Mackal, masanin ilimin halittu daga Jami'ar Chicago, ya gudanar da tafiye-tafiye da yawa don gano shaidar dabba da shaidar ido ta bayyana shi:

"Tushen ya kasance kamar maciji, dogon wutsiya mai laushi, da kuma jiki wanda ya yi kusa da girman giwa, ko aƙalla na hippopotamus. Ƙafafunsu gajere ne, tare da ƙafafun baya suna da ƙusa uku. Dabbobi suna da launin ruwan kasa a launi, kuma suna da murfin zakara wanda ke gudana daga saman kai zuwa bayan wuyansa. Koyaya, babu wani balaguro da ya sami shaidar dabba ban da shaidar shaidar shaidu na ido.

Yawancin masana na al'ada sun yi imanin cewa mokele-mbembe, kamar yadda 'yan asalin Kongo suka ruwaito, mai yiwuwa ne ya yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar baƙar fata, wanda ya taɓa bunƙasa a yankin. Masanin tarihi Edward Guimont ya yi jayayya cewa tatsuniyar mokele-mbembe ta samo asali ne daga ikirarin da aka yi a baya game da Babban Zimbabwe, kuma hakan ya rinjayi ka'idar makircin dabbobi daga baya. An kuma yi la'akari da shi a matsayin "rabi giwa, rabin dragon" halitta ta rahotanni daban-daban.

Tarihi

Karni na 20

Tushen:

Rahoton farko na mokele-mbembe ya fito ne Kyaftin din Jamus Ludwig Freiherr von Stein zu Lausnitz [de], kamar yadda Willy Ley ya bayyana a cikin littafin The Lungfish and the Unicorn (1941). An umarci Von Stein da ya gudanar da bincike kan yankunan Jamus a cikin abin da ke yanzu Kamaru a 1913. Ya ji labarun wani babban dabba mai rarrafe da ake kira "Mokele-mbembe" wanda ake zargin yana zaune a cikin daji, kuma ya haɗa da bayanin a cikin rahoton hukuma. A cewar Ley, "von Stein ya rubuta rahotonsa da taka tsantsan," da sanin cewa ana iya ganin shi a matsayin abin mamaki. Duk da haka, von Stein ya yi tunanin labarun sun kasance masu gaskiya: amintattun jagororin 'yan asalin sun ba da labarin gare shi, kuma labaran suna da alaƙa da shi ta hanyar tushe masu zaman kansu, duk da haka suna nuna yawancin bayanai iri ɗaya. Kodayake ba a taɓa buga rahoton von Stein a hukumance ba, Ley ya nakalto von Stein a rubuce:

An ce dabbar tana da launin ruwan kasa-gris tare da fata mai santsi, girmansa kusan na giwa ne; aƙalla na Hippopotamus. An ce yana da wuyansa mai tsawo kuma mai sassauci sosai kuma haƙori ɗaya kawai amma mai tsawo sosai; wasu suna cewa ƙaho ne. Wasu kalilan sun yi magana game da dogon wutsiya mai tsayi kamar na alligator. Jiragen ruwa da ke kusa da shi an ce an yi musu hukunci; an ce dabbar ta kai hari kan tasoshin nan da nan kuma ta kashe ma'aikatan amma ba tare da cin gawawwakin ba. An ce wannan halittar tana zaune a cikin koguna da kogin ya wanke a cikin yumɓu na bakin tekun a kan karkata. An ce yana hawa bakin teku har ma da rana don neman abinci; an ce abincinsa gaba ɗaya kayan lambu ne. Wannan fasalin bai yarda da yiwuwar bayani a matsayin almara ba. An nuna mini shuka da aka fi so, wani nau'in liana ne tare da manyan fararen furanni, tare da ruwan madara da 'ya'yan itace masu kama da apple. A Kogin Ssombo an nuna mini hanyar da aka ce wannan dabba ta yi don samun abincinsa. Hanyar ta kasance sap kuma akwai tsire-tsire na irin wannan da aka bayyana a kusa. Amma tunda akwai waƙoƙi da yawa na giwaye, hippos, da sauran manyan dabbobi masu shayarwa ba zai yiwu a fitar da takamaiman alamar tare da tabbaci ba.