Musulunci da ƙwallon ƙafa
 Musulunci da ƙwallon ƙafa | |
|---|---|
aspect in a geographic region (en)  | |
| Bayanai | |
| Fuskar | Musulunci |
| Wasa | ƙwallon ƙafa |
Wasu 'yan kungiyoyin wasan kwallon kafa na Musulmai ne, kuma kungiyoyin suna amfani da dokokinsu.
A watan Yulin 2013, ɗan jaridar BBC Rob Cowling ya ce 'yan wasan Musulmi suna canza al'adun ƙwallon ƙafa na Ingila.[1] Azumtar watan Ramadan da musulmai ke yi, yana shafar damar 'yan wasa don samun horo da buga wasanni,,[2] yayin da wasu 'yan wasa sun ki sanya rigunan kwallon kafa da kamfanonin caca da kudi ke tallafa masu, saboda an haramta caca da cin riba a addininin Musulunci.[3]
Wasu 'yan wasan musulmi sun fuskanci cin zarafi na wariyar launin fata a wasanni, kuma suma kungiyoyin da suka sayi 'yan wasan musulmai an farmake su.[4]
Shahara da rikici
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ma'aikatan man fetur na Burtaniya ne suka gabatar da kwallon kafa ga Iran kuma suka bunkasa ta a karkashin mulkin Reza Shah a cikin shekarun 1920. Kodayake duka wasa da kallon wasan sau da yawa sun kasance cikin rikici tare da bukatun addini a ƙarƙashin Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran, ya ci gaba da shahara.[5]
An gabatar da Kwallon ƙafa a Falasdinu a lokacin mulkin Burtaniya na 1920-1948. A shekara ta 2011, an kafa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata da ake kira Girls FC, wadda ta ƙunshi Musulmai da Kiristoci. Duk da Bukatar addini da ƙin yarda da mata da ke sanye da gajeren wando da "wasan namiji", ƙungiyar ta zama sananne.[6]
Ramadan
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A shekara ta 2010, kulob din kwallon kafa ta Tehran Steel Azin ta kori dan wasan mai suna dan wasan Iran Ali Karimi saboda karya azumi a lokacin Ramadan. An ga Karimi yana shan ruwa yayin horo; ya musanta duk wani zargi kuma kulob din ya dawo da shi bayan ya amince ya biya tarar $ 40,000.[7] A shekara ta 2011, an lura da tasirin rauni a kan lafiyar 'yan wasan dangane da dan wasan Newcastle United Demba Ba. An bayyana shi a matsayin "gajiyayye kuma mai rashin walwala" saboda azumi a lokacin Ramadan, ya zira kwallaye uku a cikin minti talatin a cikin nasarar 3-1 a kan Blackburn Rovers a wasan farko bayan Ramadan.[8]
'Yan wasan kwallon kafa da ke fafatawa a matakai mafi girma sun kasance suna yin azumi duk da haɗarin raunin mai girma da ke tattare da hakam. A lokacin Ramadan a cikin 2019, 'yan wasan AFC Ajax Hakim Ziyech da Noussair Mazroui sun shiga kashi na biyu na Gasar Zakarun Turai ta UEFA Semi Final da Tottenham Hotspurs yayin azumi, sun sha ruwa bayan minti 24 da fara wasan bayan rana ta fadi. An kama duo din suna shan wutar lantarki da ruwa a filin wasa.[9]
A gasar cin FIFA_World_Cup" na 2018, Mouez Hassan, mai tsaron gidan Tunisia ya yi amfani da dokar FIFA wacce ta ba da umarnin dakatar da wasan lokacin da mai tsaron gida ya ji rauni. A lokacin wasannin da aka yi da Portugal da Turkiyya, Hassan ya fadi nan da nan bayan faɗuwar rana don ya ba abokan aikinsa damar karya azumi, waɗanda suka yi biki a kan kwanakin da abin sha na ion. Dabarun ya zama mai nasara, yayin da Tunisia ta sami nasarar dabara 2-2 a wasannin biyu, a kan manyan kungiyoyin FIFA.
Ba duk ƙasashen addinin Musulunci ba ne suka dace da azumi a gasar cin Kofin Duniya. Yawancin 'yan wasan Saudi Arabiya, waɗanda za su buga Rasha a wasan buɗewa, sun zaɓi jinkirta jajircewar addininsu har sai bayan gasar, suna fahimtar wahalar da suka fuskanta kamar fuskantar sa'o'i 18 na hasken rana a Rasha. Hukumomin Saudiyya sun ba su izini, wadanda suka ba da izinin gujewa.
A watan Afrilu na 2021, dan wasan Leicester City Wesley Fofana ya karya azumi a filin wasa a lokacin wasan Premier League.[10]
Babban Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta gabatar da "hutu" a cikin kakar 2023 musamman don Iftar. Alkalin ya nuna hutu a matsayin tsayawa a wasan bayan faɗuwar rana kuma an bi da shi azaman hutu na ruwa.
Addu'a
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Gudanar da addu'o'in Musulunci ya kawo 'yan wasa cikin rikici tare da manajojin su. Harry Redknapp, lokacin da yake manajan West Ham United, ya soki addu'ar Frédéric Kanouté da bukatun azumi.Newcastle United ta yi la'akari da gabatar da ɗakunan addu'a a duka St James' Park da kuma filin horo. Duk da yake ba a tsara su ne kawai don Musulmai ba, an shirya ɗakunan don amfani da su don Addu'a ta 'yan wasan Musulmi Demba Ba, Papiss Cissé, Hatem Ben Arfa da Sheik Tioté. Kungiyar ta nuna cewa wannan ya bambanta da abubuwan da tsohon dan wasan su ya samu kuma ya tuba zuwa addinin Islama, Didier Domi, wanda aka yi masa ba'a lokacin da aka gano yana yin addu'o'in Islama a cikin ruwan sama.[11] A kakar 2012-13, 'yan wasan Musulmi bakwai na Newcastle a kai a kai suna amfani da ɗakin addu'a na horo na addinai da yawa.
'Yan wasa da yawa, kamar su Demba Ba da Papiss Cissé, sun zaɓi yin sujada tare da goshi zuwa ƙasa a matsayin bikin bayan sun zira kwallaye. A shekara ta 2012, an tilasta mai sharhi game da kwallon kafa Gary Lineker ya nemi gafara bayan ya bayyana irin wannan bikin da dan wasan Karim Ait-Fana ya yi wa kungiyar Montpellier ta Faransa da Schalke a Gasar Zakarun Turai a matsayin "cin ciyawa".'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa Musulmai sun kuma sa T-shirts dauke da sakonnin da suka shafi Islama a ƙarƙashin rigunan ƙwallon ƙwallon. Dan wasan Queens Park Rangers Adel Taarabt ya sa rigar da ke dauke da sakon "Ina son Allah" yayin da Samir Nasri, a cikin 2012, ya yi bikin Birnin Manchester City da Southampton tare da rigar da ta dauki sakon "Eid Mubarak".[12][13]
A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2016, an nemi magoya bayan da suka halarci wasan cancantar gasar cin kofin duniya tsakanin Iran da Koriya ta Kudu a Filin wasa na Azadi a Tehran su maye gurbin waƙoƙin kwallon kafa na yau da kullun da waƙoƙi na addini yayin da wasan ya fadi a ranar tunawa da Tasu'a, ranar tsarki ta Shia Islam.
Bayan karuwar magoya bayan musulmai, kungiyoyin Premier League na Ingila suna aiwatar da ɗakunan addu'a a filayen su. Sabon ci gaba Aston Villa yana daya daga cikin kulob din da ke ba da wuraren addu'a ba kawai ga 'yan wasan ba, har ma da magoya bayanta da ma'aikata. Sauran kungiyoyin Burtaniya ciki har da Newcastle United, Swansea City, Sunderland, Bournemouth, Norwich City da Watford suma suna shirye su karɓi wuraren addu'a na ranar wasa. Tottenham Hotspur, wadanda suka kammala sabon ginin filin wasan a shekarar 2019, sun aiwatar da dakunan addu'a masu yawa.A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2022, Blackburn Rovers ya zama kulob na farko a Burtaniya don karbar bakuncin addu'o'in Eid tare da mutane 2000 da ke murna da ƙarshen watan Ramadan mai tsarki a filin wasa.
Musulunci da ƙwallon ƙafa na Ingila
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An kafa Gasar Firimiya, babbar ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila, a hukumance a watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1992. A lokacin da aka fara gasar a shekara ta 1992-93, dan wasan Mutanen Espanya daya ne kawai Nayim, ya yi amfani da Islama.[14]
Koyaya, tun daga kakar 2018-19 akwai Musulmai sama da 50 da ke wasa a gasar Firimiya kuma 19 daga cikin kungiyoyi 20 suna da akalla dan wasan Musulmi ɗaya.[14] Wadannan sun hada da wasu fitattun 'yan wasa ciki har da Liverpool's Mohamed Salah da Sadio Mané, Manchester United's Paul Pogba, Arsenal's Mesut Özil, Chelsea's N'Golo Kanté da Kurt Zouma, da Manchester City's Riyad Mahrez.[15][16]
Yawan 'yan wasan musulmi da ke ƙaruwa ya samo asali ne daga ƙwallon ƙafa ta duniya.[17] Wannan kuma ya haifar da ƙarin fahimta da yardar rai daga bangaren kungiyoyin Premier League da magoya baya don karɓar bukatun addini na 'yan wasa.[17] Kungiyar yanzu tana daukar ma'aikacin musulmi kuma wasu kungiyoyi suna da ɗakunan addu'a.
Duk da yake Islamophobia a cikin Premier League har yanzu yana nan, kasancewar taurarin kwallon kafa na Musulmi a cikin Premier na iya samun sakamako mai kyau a kan Islamophobie a duk faɗin al'ummar Ingila bisa ga binciken Jami'ar Stanford wanda ya haɗa raguwar 18.9% a cikin laifukan ƙiyayya na Musulmi da ke cikin gundumar da Liverpool ke ciki tun lokacin da Salah ya shiga tawagar.[18]
A watan Yunin 2021, an ba da sanarwar cewa kungiyoyin Premier League za su shiga cikin lambar don daidaita ma'amala da tallafawa tare da imanin 'yan wasan musulmi. A watan Maris na shekara ta 2023, kungiyoyi uku na gasar kwallon kafa (Millwall, Luton da Swansea) suma sun sanya hannu.[19]
A watan Maris na shekara ta 2022, an ba da sanarwar cewa a lokacin Ramadan mai zuwa, 'yan wasa za su sami damar samun 'haske na sha' don karya azumi. Daga baya a wannan watan, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Everton Abdoulaye Doucoure ya yi magana game da lokacin Ramadan mai zuwa a matsayin ɗan wasa. An sake maimaita hutun a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2023.
Ya zuwa watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2023, ƙungiyar mata ta Bradford City tana da masu horar da Musulmai.[20]
Kits da tallafawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Shugabannin Musulmai a Malaysia sun yi kira ga Musulmai kada su sa rigunan kwallon kafa tare da giciye a kan lambar, kamar FC Barcelona da Brazil, suna ganin su suna ba da fifiko ga Kiristanci. Sun kuma yi gargadi game da rigunan Manchester United, waɗanda ke nuna shaidan.
A shekara ta 2012, Real Madrid ta cire gicciye daga Alamar kulob din su a kan kayan gabatarwa.[21] An danganta canjin da gina wurin shakatawa na wasanni na dala biliyan 1 a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ta Musulunci.[22][23]
Frédéric Kanouté ya yi amfani da shi don canza rigarsa ta Sevilla, don rufe tallafin daga gidan caca na kan layi 888.com. Daga baya kulob din ya cimma yarjejeniya cewa dan wasan ba ya amincewa da caca ta hanyar sanya shi, kuma za a gafarta shi daga duk wani kayan gabatarwa tare da 888.
A watan Yulin 2013, dan wasan Newcastle United Papiss Cissé ya ki yin wasa a cikin rigar da Wonga.com, kamfanin rance na ranar biyan kuɗi, ke tallafawa, saboda ba a ba da izinin cajin riba a ƙarƙashin dokar Islama ba. Ba da daɗewa ba, ya yarda ya sa rigar bayan an dauki hotonsa a gidan caca.
Ka'idojin sutura
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Abubuwan da ake buƙata na ka'idar tufafin Islama sun saba wa bukatun kayan FIFA. A shekara ta 2011, an hana tawagar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Iran yin wasa a zagaye na cancanta don Wasannin Olympics na 2012 saboda kayan aikin su wanda ya kunshi cikakkun tufafi da rufe gashin kansu. Ana buƙatar mata a Iran su sa maghnaeh don rufe kawunansu. FIFA ta yanke hukuncin cewa kayan sun karya daya daga cikin dokokinsu wanda ya ce, " 'Yan wasa da jami'ai ba za su nuna saƙonnin siyasa, na addini, na kasuwanci ko na sirri ko taken a kowane harshe ko nau'i a kan kayan wasan su ko kayan aiki na ƙungiyar ba. " Kodayake ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Iran ta yi jayayya cewa kayan ba addini ko siyasa ba ne, an hana Iran yin wasan da aka ba shi, 3-0 ga Jordan. A shekara ta 2012, FIFA ta canza hukuncin su ta bayyana cewa mata suna da 'yanci su sa hijabi a matakin manyan gasa.[24]
A watan Yulin 2023, an kaddamar da kamfen a Ingila don ba da damar 'yan mata masu makaranta su sa hijabs yayin da suke buga kwallon kafa. Daga baya a wannan watan, dan wasan Morocco Nouhaila Benzina ya zama dan wasa na farko da ya sa hijabi a gasar cin kofin duniya.
A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2024, an hana 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata, Iqra Ismail yin wasa a cikin tufafi maimakon gajeren wando, wanda ta yi imanin ya lalata imanin addinin ta. Wakilin ƙungiyar Regent's Park, United Dragons FC, alƙalin ya hana ta shiga filin yayin da aka gaya mata sanya gajeren wando abin da ake buƙata ne.[25]
Cin zarafi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Akwai lokuta da yawa na Cin zarafin Musulmi da aka yi wa 'yan wasan kwallon kafa Musulmi. A shekara ta 2005, dan wasan kwallon kafa na Masar Mido yayin da yake wasa a Tottenham Hostpur magoya bayan West Ham United sun yi masa ba'a da "Mahaifiyarka ta'addanci" kuma a matsayin mai fashewar bam saboda kamaninsa da Richard Reid. A shekara ta 2007, Mido, wanda ke wasa a Middlesbrough ya yi wa magoya bayan Newcastle United ba'a da cin zarafin Musulmi.
A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2013, an yi wa magoya bayan musulmai na West Ham United cin zarafi yayin da suke gudanar da Addu'ar Maghrib a Filin Boleyn a lokacin wasan Premier League tsakanin West Ham da Manchester City. A watan Maris na shekara ta 2015, an soki magoya bayan musulmi na Liverpool kuma an yi musu cin zarafi a kafofin sada zumunta bayan sun yi amfani da rabin lokaci don yin addu'a a kan matsakaicin addu'a. Liverpool FC ta mayar da martani nan da nan game da Tweet ɗin da ya yi wa 'yan sanda na Merseyside kuma ta fitar da sanarwa ta neman gafara.
Kungiyar Isra'ila Beitar Jerusalem ta ƙone ofisoshin su ta hanyar 'yan kasa na Yahudawa a watan Janairun 2013 bayan sun sanya hannu kan' yan wasan Musulmi na farko.[4]
Koyaya, halin da ake ciki ga 'yan wasan musulmi yana nuna motsi na canji. Gasar Firimiya ta dakatar da al'adarta ta ba da champagne a matsayin lambar yabo ta mutum-na-wasan kuma ta canza shi zuwa kofin lokacin da tauraron Musulmi na Manchester City Yaya Touré ya fara lashe shi akai-akai. [17]
A cewar masu bincike a Jami'ar Stanford, Liverpool FC da tauraron Masar Mohammed Salah sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen rage Islamophobia a yankin. Tun lokacin da ya iso, gundumar Merseyside ta ga raguwar 18.9% a cikin laifukan adawa da Islama kuma ta ragu sosai da tweets masu adawa da Musulmi (7.8% zuwa 3.8%) idan aka kwatanta da magoya bayan wasu manyan kungiyoyin Ingila godiya ga karuwar sanin Islama.[26]
A watan Fabrairun 2019, duka West Ham United da 'yan sanda sun binciki cin zarafin Musulunci ga Mohamed Salah wanda ya fito daga magoya bayan gida a Filin wasa na London yayin wasan tsakanin West Ham da Liverpool. An samo bidiyon bidiyo inda za'a iya jin wani yana ihu "Salah, kai Musulmi, kai Musulmin" a Salah. A watan Oktoba na 2020, an yanke wa mai goyon bayan West Ham United hukunci kan aikata laifin aikata laifuka na wariyar launin fata. An ci tarar £ 400 kuma an dakatar da shi daga wasannin kwallon kafa na tsawon shekaru uku.
A cikin fim
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Fim din 2006 na Offside yana magana ne game da batun kwallon kafa, a wannan yanayin a Iran, da kuma masu kallo mata. Wani haramtacciyar da aka yi a lokacin Juyin Juya Halin Iran na 1979 wanda ya hana mata halartar wasanni, tare da shugabannin addinin Islama da ke nuna cewa mata a filayen wasa shine girke-girke don bala'i yayin da za su ga "ƙafafu marasa kyau" kuma su ji laifuka da magoya bayan maza ke ihu. Shugaba Mahmoud Ahmadinejad ya yi ƙoƙari ya kawo karshen haramcin kafin babban shugaban kasar, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei ya hana yunkurinsa. Fim din ya ba da labaran 'yan mata da ke canza kansu a matsayin maza don kallon wasan cancanta Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2006 tsakanin Iran da Bahrain a Filin wasa na Azadi a Tehran. An dakatar da shi daga nunawa a Iran.[27]
Dubi kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Kiristanci da ƙwallon ƙafa
- Kwallon ƙafa a Wasannin Solidarity na Musulunci
Bayanan da aka ambata
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Rob Cowling (5 July 2013). "Premier League: How Muslims are changing English football culture". BBC Sport. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
- ↑ Tusdiq Din (23 August 2011). "Fasting and football. How do top-flight Muslims cope?". The Independent. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
- ↑ Saj Chowdhury and Ben Smith (12 June 2013). "Newcastle's Papiss Cisse plans club talks over new shirt sponsor". BBC Sport. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Paul Gittings (8 February 2013). "Israeli football club torched after signing Muslim players". CNN. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
- ↑ "Iran in June: A Fever Pitch of Football and Politics". www.payvand.com. 5 June 2013. Archived from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 15 July 2013.
- ↑ "Girls FC". Al Jazeera. 27 June 2012. Retrieved 15 July 2013.
- ↑ Adams, Keith (26 August 2010). "Iran footballer returns after Ramadan fasting row". BBC News Middle East. Retrieved 11 July 2013.
- ↑ Edwards, Luke (25 September 2011). "Newcastle United's Demba Ba's destroys Blackburn Rovers with a hat-trick". Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 11 July 2013.
- ↑ "Ajax duo break Ramadan fast during UCL semifinal vs Tottenham Hotspur". FOX Sports Asia (in Turanci). 9 May 2019. Archived from the original on 9 November 2019. Retrieved 9 November 2019.
- ↑ "Eid: 'You can be Muslim and still enjoy playing football'". BBC Sport. 13 May 2021.
- ↑ Ghozali, Faïza (23 February 2010). "Islam made in France" (in French). www.jeuneafrique.com. Retrieved 2 November 2013.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ↑ Aleem, Abdul. "The Influence Of Islam On English Football". Islamique Magazine. Archived from the original on 15 July 2013. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
- ↑ "Nasri celebrates goal against Southampton with 'Eid Mubarak' T-shirt". ITV. 19 August 2012. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 "From the Red Side of the Field: Muslims in the English Premier League". Seattle Democratic Socialists of America (in Turanci). 29 May 2019. Retrieved 9 November 2019.
- ↑ "Top 40 Muslim Football Players". HowTheyPlay (in Turanci). Retrieved 9 November 2019.
- ↑ Pasztor, David (4 December 2015). "Zouma talks faith, family, Chelsea". We Ain't Got No History.
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 "Islam in Football: The profound effect the religion has on the game". inews.co.uk (in Turanci). 23 March 2018. Retrieved 9 November 2019.
- ↑ Marcin, Tim (4 June 2019). "Mo Salah Has Singlehandedly Reduced Islamophobia in Liverpool". Vice (in Turanci). Retrieved 9 November 2019.
- ↑ "Millwall, Luton and Swansea sign Muslim charter". BBC Sport. 8 March 2023.
- ↑ "NATH'S NATTERS: Bradford Muslims incredible in balancing sport with Ramadan". Bradford Telegraph and Argus. 22 April 2023.
- ↑ Peck, Brooks (30 March 2012). "Real Madrid make small but deliberate change to their crest for UAE resort island partnership". Sports.Yahoo.com. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
- ↑ "Real Madrid changing cross logo for Muslim fans, sponsors". Indian Muslim Observer. 13 April 2013. Archived from the original on 28 September 2013. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
- ↑ "Real Madrid Reband Logo for Muslim Fans". The Eastern Post. Archived from the original on 27 September 2013. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
- ↑ Warshaw, Andrew (5 July 2012). "Joy for FIFA Prince and Muslim women as football hijab ban is lifted". www.insidethegames.biz. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
- ↑ Elgueta, Adriana; Bhandhukravi, Alice (29 October 2024). "Muslim footballer stopped from playing in tracksuit bottoms". BBC News. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
- ↑ "Can Exposure to Celebrities Reduce Prejudice? The Effect of Mohamed Salah on Islamophobic Behaviors and Attitudes". Immigration Policy Lab (in Turanci). Retrieved 9 November 2019.
- ↑ "Iran censors hand Offside a red card". Al Jazeera. 23 May 2006. Retrieved 12 July 2013.