Musuluncin Sunni a Iraki
 Musuluncin Sunni a Iraki | |
|---|---|
Sunni Islam of an area (en)  | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
Islam in Iraq (en) da Mabiya Sunnah |
| Fuskar | Irak |
| Ƙasa | Irak |
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Musuluncin Sunni a Iraq (Arabic: الإسلام السني في العراق) ita ce mazhabar Musulunci ta biyu mafi girma a Iraki bayan Musuluncin Shi'a. Galibin musulmi ‘yan sunni na Iraqi Larabawa ne. Musulman Sunni na Iraqi galibi suna zaune ne a rabin arewacin Iraki. Larabawa Sunni da farko suna zaune ne a kusurwar Sunni, Mesopotamiya na sama da yankunan hamada, kamar Al-Anbar Governorate a cikin Hamadar Larabawa da Hamadar Sham. Kurdawan Sunni suna zaune a yankin Kurdistan na Iraki mai tsaunuka.
A shekara ta 2003, Cibiyar Zaman Lafiya ta Amurka ta kiyasta cewa kusan kashi 95% na yawan mutanen Iraki Musulmai ne, daga cikinsu Sunnis sun kai kusan kashi 40%.[1] Wani rahoto na CIA World Factbook daga 2015 ya kiyasta cewa 29-34% na yawan mutanen Iraki Musulmi ne na Sunni.[2] Dangane da binciken da Pew Research ya yi a shekara ta 2011, kashi 42% na Musulman Iraqi Sunni ne.[3] Akwai kimanin Larabawa Sunni miliyan 9, Kurdawa Sunni miliyan 4.5 da Sunni Turkmen miliyan 3 a Iraki, bisa ga rahoton da aka buga a shekarar 2015.[4]
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A farkon zamanin Islama, Iraki ta kasance cibiyar cibiyar Khalifancin Abbasid, tare da birnin Bagadaza yana aiki a matsayin babban birninta daga karni na 8 zuwa 13. Larabawa Sunni sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin gwamnati (ciki har da Daular Abbasid mai mulki) da rayuwar al'adu ta Khalifanci, kuma manyan mutane da yawa na ilimin Islama da wallafe-wallafen sun fito daga Iraki a wannan lokacin da kuma lokacin Golden Age na Islama.
A lokacin mulkinsa, Sarki Faisal I san cewa tushen ikonsa yana tare da Larabawa Sunni na Iraki, waɗanda suka ƙunshi 'yan tsiraru. Larabawa Sunni na Iraqi sun kasance kashin baya na gwamnatin Ba'athist ta Saddam Hussein.[5]
Gwamnatin Shia da Nouri al-Maliki ke jagoranta ta danne Sunnis, tana jaddada halin kirki na kabilun Sunni Larabawa ga Jihar Musulunci, kodayake ba su da ra'ayin Salafist. Yawancin Sunnis yanzu sun ɗauki makamai a kan Daular Islama don dakatar da yunkurin kafa iko.[4] A cikin wani bincike a shekarar 2015, kashi 13 cikin 100 ne kawai na Larabawa Sunni na Iraqi suka yi imanin cewa gwamnatin tsakiya a Bagadaza tana kan hanyar da ta dace.[6]
Saboda ci gaba da zalunci da gwamnatin Shia ke jagoranta, kungiyoyin Sunni Islamist da Ba'athist kamar Sojojin Naqshabandi sun dauki makamai a kan gwamnati a lokacin zanga-zangar Iraqi ta 2012-2013. Wannan ya haifar da Yaƙin neman zaɓe na Anbar na 2013 da kuma fara yakin da aka Yaƙi a Iraki da Daular Islama wanda ya kasance har zuwa Disamba 2017.
Yawan jama'a
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Larabawan Sunni
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Larabawa Sunni suna da kashi 45% na yawan mutanen Iraki, Yawancin su suna zaune a cikin Sunni Triangle, yankin da ke da yawan jama'a na Iraki a arewa da yammacin Bagadaza. Ya kai daga Tikrit (maɓallin kudu maso gabas), Ramadi (maɓin kudu maso yamma) zuwa Mosul (maɓɗin arewa). Har ila yau, ya haɗa da biranen Samarra, Fallujah, Balad da Hīt . Har ila yau, suna zaune a Upper Mesopotamia da yankunan hamadar Larabawa da hamadar Siriya.
Kamar sauran Larabawa na Iraqi, Larabawa Sunni na Iraqi sun fito ne daga tsoffin mutane da masu cin nasara da suka mamaye Iraki daga Yankin Larabawa a karni na bakwai. Kodayake 'yan tsiraru ne, Larabawa Sunni sun mamaye siyasar Iraqi har zuwa lokacin da Amurka ta mamaye Iraki a shekara ta 2003. [7] Akwai kabilun Larabawa Sunni da yawa a Iraki, gami da Dulaim, Al-Bu Nasir, Al-Bu Nimr, Al-Ubaid, Otaibah, Shammar da Mutayr.[8]
Kurdawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]98% na Kurdawa na Iraki Musulmai ne na Sunni, yayin da sauran 2% Musulmai ne Shia.[9] A sakamakon yaduwar Islama, Islama ta Sunni (Shafi'i) ta zama babbar addinin mutanen Kurdawa. Akwai Feyli Kurds waɗanda ke bin addinin Shia, wato addinin Shiya goma sha biyu. Ana tunanin Islama addini ne na mulki da kuma ruhaniya, Kurdawa suna tabbatar da kiyaye ainihin ruhaniya da asalin ƙasa. Ayyukansu da imanin su sun yi kama da na Larabawa Sunni.[8]
Turkmen
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Da farko Turkmen na Iraqi Musulmai ne na Sunni, yawancin Turkmen na Iraki ba su da siyasa [10] duk da haka suna ci gaba da yin aiki, bayan sun sanya fassarar ra'ayin addini da ake yi a Jamhuriyar Turkiyya. [11]Abubuwan addini da kabilanci da tashin hankali da ke cikin al'adun siyasar Iraki ba su da tasiri sosai ga Turkmen na Iraki.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "Religious Politics in Iraq". United States Institute of Peace (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 2024-05-26. Retrieved 2024-01-30.
- ↑ "CIA World Fact Book". 2021-04-21. Archived from the original on 2022-11-10. Retrieved 2021-04-25.
- ↑ Michael Lipka (2014-06-18). "The Sunni-Shia divide: Where they live, what they believe and how they view each other". Pew Research Center. Retrieved 2021-04-15.
- 1 2 "Minorities in Iraq: Pushed to the brink of existence" (PDF). February 2015.
- ↑ Gaub, Florence (2017). "Meet Iraq's Sunni Arabs: A strategic profile". European Union Institute for Security Studies (EUISS). Cite journal requires
|journal=(help) - ↑ Mansour, Renad (March 2016). "The Sunni Predicament in Iraq" (PDF). Carnegie: Middle East Center. p. 3.
- ↑ "Population of Iraq - Fanack.com". The MENA Chronicle | Fanack (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-05-05.
- 1 2 "IRAQ: The Role of Tribes". Council on Foreign Relations (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-05-07.
- ↑ Mohamed, Besheer. "Who are the Iraqi Kurds?". Pew Research Center (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-05-05.
- ↑ "Irak Türkmenleri". insamer.com (in Harshen Turkiyya). Retrieved 2024-03-30.
- ↑ Oğuzlu, H. T. (October 2004). "Endangered community: the Turkoman identity in Iraq" (in English). ISSN 1360-2004. Cite journal requires
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