Mutanen da ke canza jinsi da aikin soja
 Mutanen da ke canza jinsi da aikin soja | |
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Ba duk rundunonin soji ba ne ke da manufofi da ke ba da izini ga ma'aikatan LGBT. Gabaɗaya, sojojin Yammacin Turai suna nuna babban hali ga haɗa mutane LGBT. A shekara ta 1974, Netherlands ita ce ƙasa ta farko da ta ba da izinin ma'aikatan soja masu canza launin fata.[1]
Tattaunawa game da hada mutanen da suka canza jinsi a cikin soja
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tattaunawar da ke adawa da hadawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Akwai muhawara game da hada mutanen da suka canza jinsi a cikin aikin soja. Ɗaya daga cikin gardama ya dogara ne akan ra'ayin cewa kasancewa mai canza launin fata cuta ce ta hankali, kuma saboda haka mutane masu canza launin fata ba su dace da sabis ba. Wannan gardamar ta biyo bayan babban abin da ya faru na baƙin ciki da kashe kansa a cikin mutanen da ke canza launin fata. Wannan ya dace da mutane da suka yi aikin tiyata na jima'i kuma ba su gamsu da sakamakon ba; a irin waɗannan lokuta matsanancin damuwa ya zama ruwan dare. Magungunan hormone na iya shafar yanayi da jin daɗin rayuwa, wani abu da ke ƙididdigewa game da haɗa mutanen da suka canza jinsi da tasirinsa akan ikon sabis.[2] Baya ga gardamar jin daɗi na maganin hormone, rikitarwa na iya tasowa saboda maganin hormone. Matsalolin da ke tattare da maganin Estrogen da testosterone sun haɗa da karuwar haɗarin Cutar thromboembolic, ciwon zuciya, ciwon nono, matsalolin haihuwa, bugun jini, aikin hanta mara kyau, cututtukan koda, Ciwon daji na endometrial, da osteoporosis. Kowane ɗayan waɗannan na iya haifar da mahimman batutuwa ga ingantaccen aikin soja, musamman idan aka tura su a yankuna masu nisa ko a cikin saitunan horo na filin. Wani damuwa shine farashin kula da 'yan transgender a cikin soja. Ƙananan ɓangaren sojoji masu canza launin fata suna neman taimakon likita, a kowace shekara 30 zuwa 140 suna bin maganin hormone kuma 25 zuwa 100 suna da tiyata. An kiyasta cewa sauyawa daga namiji zuwa mace na iya tsada tsakanin US $ 7,000 da $ 24,000; sauyawa daga mace zuwa namiji na iya wuce US $ 50,000. Kudin shekara-shekara na Ma'aikatar Tsaro don kiwon lafiya shine dala biliyan 6, lambobin da aka samu a cikin binciken sun nuna farashin kula da ma'aikatan sabis tare da GD zai fada tsakanin dala miliyan 2.4 da dala miliyan 8.4, wato .04 zuwa .14 cikin dari na kasafin kudin kiwon lafiya na shekara-sheko na soja.[3]
Wani karin gardama shi ne cewa don samun tasiri, mai santsi, dole ne a sami haɗin kai a cikin rukunin. An yi jayayya cewa mutanen da ke canza launin fata za su sami mummunar tasiri a kan hadin kan raka'a. "Ƙaddamar da amincewa tsakanin kowane ma'aikaci" yana da mahimmanci. Akwai tsoro cewa idan aka ba da izinin ma'aikatan transgender su yi aiki a bayyane, halin kirki zai shafi mummunan rauni. Amma wannan gardamar ta yi watsi da magance batun irin irin tsarin da za a iya buƙata don kula da halin kirki da haɗin kai a irin waɗannan yanayi. Ayyukan soja suna tilasta wa mambobin zama a cikin ɗakunan zama na kusa. Bukatar membobin su zauna a cikin yanayin da ke sa su ji daɗi da rashin jin daɗi na iya haifar da lalacewar ayyukansu.
Tattaunawar hadawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ta hanyar cire yawan jama'a daga daidaito, sojoji suna kara tsanantawa da rashin mutunci na wannan rukuni. Wannan yana goyan bayan ra'ayin cewa duk 'yan ƙasa suna da alhakin yin hidima ga al'umansu idan bukatar ta taso. Bayar da izinin ma'aikatan soja masu canza launin fata su yi aiki a bayyane ba tare da tsoron warewa ba zai zama babban mataki zuwa ga daidaito. Wasu masana sun amince da cewa hada dukkan ma'aikatan LGBT a cikin soja ba batun kare hakkin dan adam ba ne kawai, ana jayayya cewa sojoji su tsira a cikin karni na ashirin da daya bambancin yana da mahimmanci
With advancements in the current understanding of human experience, sexual identity is now better understood. Where being transgender was once considered a paraphilic disorder, the current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders places being transgender in a separate chapter, terming the condition gender dysphoria. It is argued that militaries that exclude transgender people on grounds of mental illness, whose policies pathologize gender dysphoria, are at odds with the current medical understanding. This argument requires that transgender personnel be treated by the same level of medical care as all other personnel, in accordance with established medical practice.
Ostiraliya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ya zuwa shekara ta 2014, Austria ta ba da izinin mutanen da suka canza jinsi su yi aiki a bayyane a cikin sojojinta.[4] An ruwaito cewa manufofin hadawa har yanzu suna aiki a cikin 2017.
Belgium
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ya zuwa shekara ta 2014, Belgium ta ba da izinin mutanen da suka canza jinsi su yi aiki a bayyane a cikin sojojinta.[4] An ruwaito cewa manufofin hadawa har yanzu suna aiki a cikin 2017.
Bolivia
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Sojojin Bolivia sun ba da sanarwar a cikin 2013 cewa za a ba da izinin 'yan ƙasa LGBT su yi aiki tun daga shekarar 2015. [5] Ya zuwa shekara ta 2014, Bolivia ta ba da izinin mutanen da suka canza jinsi su yi aiki a bayyane a cikin soja.[4] An ruwaito cewa manufofin hadawa har yanzu suna aiki a cikin 2017.
Brazil
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Babu wata doka da ta hana masu canza launin fata yin aiki a cikin Sojojin Brazil. Jima'i da jinsi ba za su iya zama cikas ga shiga cikin rundunar 'yan sanda ko soja a Brazil ba, kuma ana iya ɗaukar wasu mata masu canza launin fata da masu fashewa, kamar wasu mazajen Brazil. Dangane da binciken da Cibiyar Nazarin Tattalin Arziki (IPEA) ta gudanar a cikin 2012, kashi 63.7% na 'Yan Brazil suna goyon bayan shigar da mutane LGBT cikin Sojojin Brazil, kuma ba sa ganin hakan a matsayin matsala.
A Brazil, ana buƙatar maza masu canza launin fata su yi rajista don aikin soja na tilas bayan sun gyara Jima'i na doka, kamar sauran maza.[6] Kungiyoyin bayar da shawarwari da masu kare jama'a suna aiki don tabbatar da cewa ana girmama haƙƙinsu na shiga ba tare da nuna bambanci ba.[7] A cikin 2023, Ofishin Mai Tsaron Jama'a na Gundumar Tarayya ya shirya wani taron na musamman don sauƙaƙe rajistar soja ga maza masu canza launin fata, samar da jagorar shari'a da tallafa musu ta hanyar tsari.[8] Wannan shirin ya kasance wani ɓangare na kokarin da ya fi dacewa da Sojojin Brazil da su aiwatar da manufofi masu kyau waɗanda suka gane asalin jinsi kuma suka hana rashin daidaito a lokacin da ake kira.[9]
Dubi kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Jima'i da aikin soja
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Weinberg, Tessa (8 July 2016). "U.S. is one of many countries allowing transgender military personnel". Los Angeles Times.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs nameddtic.mil - ↑ "The Faces Behind Transgender Troops' Struggle for Acceptance | Arts & Culture | Smithsonian Magazine".
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Elders, M. Joycelyn; Brown, George R.; Coleman, Eli; Kolditz, Thomas A.; Steinman, Alan M. (1 April 2015). "Medical Aspects of Transgender Military Service". Armed Forces & Society. 41 (2): 199–220. doi:10.1177/0095327X14545625. S2CID 73876186. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Elders" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Villar de Onis, Jimena (27 September 2017). Aldo Campana (ed.). "GFMER Sexual and Reproductive Rights Country Information - Bolivia". GFMER Sexual and Reproductive Rights Country Information. Geneva Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Retrieved 23 November 2017.
In 2013, the Armed Forces of Bolivia announced a change in policy, allowing LGBT citizens to serve in its ranks starting 2015.
- ↑ "Entenda por que homem transgênero deve se alistar nas Forças Armadas". Valor Econômico (in Harshen Potugis). 2024-01-26. Retrieved 2025-06-22.
- ↑ "Defensoria do DF realiza mutirão de alistamento militar para homens trans". www.gazetadopovo.com.br (in Harshen Potugis). Retrieved 2025-06-22.
- ↑ PODER360 (2025-05-12). "Defensoria pede medidas ao Exército para alistamento de pessoas trans". Poder360 (in Harshen Potugis). Retrieved 2025-06-22.
- ↑ "Projeto dá prazo de um ano para que homem trans se aliste no serviço militar após mudança de gênero - Notícias". Portal da Câmara dos Deputados (in Harshen Potugis). Retrieved 2025-06-22.