Mutanen da suka gabata

Mutanen da suka gabata
	extinct human group (en) , archaeological culture (en) da Wayewa
Bayanai
Name (en)	Hisatsinom
Has works in the collection (en)	Art Institute of Chicago (en)
Mabiyi	Oshara Tradition (en)
Zangon lokaci	Pre-Columbian era da Neolithic (en)
Wuri
	36°59′56″N 109°02′43″W / 36.999°N 109.0452°W

Kakanni Puebloans, waɗanda aka fi sani da mutanen Ancestral Pueblo ko kuma al'adar Kwando-Pueblo, tsohuwar al'ada ce ta 'yan asalin Amurka ta mutanen Pueblo waɗanda suka mamaye yankin Four Corners na Amurka a yanzu, wanda ya ƙunshi kudu maso gabashin Utah, arewa maso gabashin Arizona, arewa maso yammacin New Mexico, da kudu maso yammacin Colorado . Ana kyautata zaton sun samo asali, aƙalla wani ɓangare, daga al'adar Oshara, wadda ta samo asali daga al'adar Picosa .

Kakanni Puebloans sun rayu a cikin gine-gine daban-daban waɗanda suka haɗa da ƙananan gidaje na iyali, manyan gine-gine don ɗaukar iyali, manyan pueblos, da gidaje masu tsaunuka don kariya. Suna da hanyar sadarwa mai rikitarwa da ke haɗa ɗaruruwan al'ummomi da cibiyoyin jama'a a faɗin Colorado Plateau . Suna da ilimin kimiyyar sama na musamman wanda ya samo asali a cikin gine-ginensu. Kiva, wani wuri na taro wanda galibi ake amfani da shi don bukukuwa, muhimmin ɓangare ne na tsarin al'umma.

Masana ilmin kayan tarihi sun ci gaba da muhawara lokacin da wannan al'ada ta musamman ta bayyana. Yarjejeniyar da ake da ita a yanzu, bisa ga kalmomin da Pecos Classification ta ayyana, ta nuna fitowarsu a kusa da karni na 12 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa (KZ), a lokacin da aka tsara wa masu binciken kayan tarihi na farko Zamanin Mai Kwando na II . Tun daga farkon bincike da tono kayan tarihi, masu bincike sun gano cewa kakannin Puebloans a matsayin magabatan mutanen Pueblo na zamani. Wuraren Tarihi na Duniya guda uku na UNESCO da ke Amurka ana yaba su ga Pueblos: Mesa Verde National Park, Chaco Culture National Historical Park da Taos Pueblo .

Asalin Ma'anar

Pueblo, wanda ke nufin "ƙauye" da "mutane" a cikin Sifaniyanci, kalma ce da ta samo asali daga masu binciken Sifaniyanci waɗanda suka yi amfani da ita don nuna salon rayuwar mutanen.

Mutanen Hopi suna amfani da kalmar Hisatsinom, ma'ana "tsohon mutanen", don bayyana kakannin Puebloans.

Mutanen Navajo, waɗanda yanzu suke zaune a sassan tsohuwar yankin Pueblo, suna kiran mutanen da suka daɗe da Anaasází a cikin yaren Diné, sunan barkwanci ma'ana "magabatan maƙiyanmu", yana nufin gasa da suke yi da mutanen Pueblo. Yanzu mutanen Navajo suna amfani da kalmar a ma'anar nufin "tsofaffin mutane" ko "masu daɗaɗɗe", watau, masu mugunta ko masu barna, ^[1] yayin da wasu ke danganta ma'anar Anasazi ga "tsofaffin mutane waɗanda suka bambanta da mutanenmu"; (a fili Ana = "bambanta da mu" + asaza = "tsofaffin"). A ƙarni na ashirin, mutane da al'adunsu na tarihi galibi ana kiransu da sunan barkwanci na Diné. Alfred V. Kidder, wanda ya yi kuskuren tunanin cewa Diné ne ga tsofaffi, ya yi amfani da kalmar a cikin tsarin Rarraba Pecos na 1927. Pueblos na Zamani suna kallon wannan kalmar a matsayin abin ƙyama kuma suna ƙin amfani da kalmar. ^[2] Zuriyar wannan al'adar ta zamani galibi suna zaɓar amfani da kalmar mutanen Ancestral Pueblo. Masanin ilmin kayan tarihi Linda S. Cordell ta tattauna asalin kalmar da amfaninta:

Manazarta

↑ "Anasazi". U*X*L Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes. U*X*L. 2008. "Anasazi - U*X*L Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes | HighBeam Research". Archived from the original on 2013-09-21. Retrieved 2012-08-14.
↑ Hewit (2010-07-09). "Puebloan Culture". University of Northern Colorado. Archived from the original on 2010-07-09.

[UXL-1] "Anasazi". U*X*L Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes. U*X*L. 2008. "Anasazi - U*X*L Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes | HighBeam Research". Archived from the original on 2013-09-21. Retrieved 2012-08-14.

[UNCO-2] Hewit (2010-07-09). "Puebloan Culture". University of Northern Colorado. Archived from the original on 2010-07-09.

[1]

[2]