Mycoplasma genitalium
| Mycoplasma genitalium | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom | Bacillati (mul)  |
| Phylum | Mycoplasmatota (mul) |
| Class | Mollicutes (mul) |
| Order | Mycoplasmatales (mul) |
| Dangi | Mycoplasmataceae (mul) |
| Genus | Mycoplasma (mul)
|
| jinsi | Mycoplasma genitalium ,
|
| General information | |
| Gram stain |
gram-negative bacteria (en)  |
''Mycoplasma genitalium (wanda aka fi sani da MGHIV-date":{"wt":"20 May 2022"},"archive-url":{"wt":"https://web.archive.org/web/20220520074154/https://www.bbc.com/news/health-44777938"},"url-status":{"wt":"live"}},"i":0}}]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mwAn8\"> </span><cite about=\"#mwt7\" class=\"citation news cs1\" id=\"CITEREFRoberts2018\" data-ve-ignore=\"\">Roberts M (11 July 2018). <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/health-44777938\" id=\"mwAoA\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">\"Emerging sex disease 'could be superbug'\"</a>. <i id=\"mwAoI\">BBC News</i>. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20220520074154/https://www.bbc.com/news/health-44777938\" id=\"mwAoM\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">Archived</a> from the original on 20 May 2022<span class=\"reference-accessdate\" id=\"mwAoQ\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"mwAoU\">11 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite>"}}" id="cite_ref-3" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Mycoplasma_genitalium#cite_note-3 [1]], Mgen, ko kuma tun daga 2018, Mycoplasmoides genitalium[1]) ƙwayoyin cuta ne da ake yaduwa ta hanyar jima'i,[2] karamin kwayar cuta wanda ke zaune a kan Kwayoyin epithelial na urinary da genital tracts a cikin mutane.[3] Jaridu na kiwon lafiya a cikin 2007 da 2015 sun ba da rahoton cewa Mgen yana zama gama gari.[4][5] Tsayayya da maganin rigakafi da yawa, gami da macrolide azithromycin, har zuwa kwanan nan mafi kyawun magani, yana zama ruwan dare.[4] An fara ware kwayar cuta daga urogenital tract na mutane a cikin 1981 kuma an gano ta a matsayin sabon nau'in Mycoplasma a cikin 1983. [6][7] Yana ƙara haɗarin yaduwar kwayar cutar kanjamau a cikin maza da mata, tare da abubuwan da suka fi girma a cikin waɗanda aka yi musu magani da maganin rigakafin azithromycin a baya. [4]
Alamomin kamuwa da cuta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Mgen kwayar cuta ce da aka gane don haifar da Uretritis a cikin maza da mata tare da cervicitis da kumburi a cikin mata.[8] Yana nuna alamun da suka yi kama da na kamuwa da cutar Chlamydia trachomatis kuma ya nuna yawan abubuwan da suka faru, idan aka kwatanta da cutar Chlamydia trachomatis da Neisseria gonorrhoeae a wasu al'ummomi.[9]
Cutar da Mgen na iya zama alama ko rashin alamomi. Maza da mata na iya fuskantar kumburi a cikin urethra (Uretritis), wanda ke nuna fitar da mucopurulent a cikin hanyar fitsari, da ƙonewa yayin fitsari. A cikin mata, yana haifar da Cututtukan kumburi na pelvic (PID) , gami da endometritis da salpingitis.[8] Mata na iya fuskantar zubar da jini bayan jima'i kuma yana da alaƙa da rashin haihuwa. [3] [10] Ga maza, alamun da aka fi sani da su sune fitsari mai zafi ko fitar da ruwa daga azzakari.[11]
Akwai haɗin kai na M. genitalium da cututtukan haihuwa na mata. Cutar M. genitalium tana da alaƙa sosai da karuwar haɗarin haihuwa, zubar da ciki, cervicitis, da cututtukan kumburi na pelvic. Bugu da kari, wannan kwayar cuta na iya kamuwa da ƙwayoyin Chorionic villi na mata masu juna biyu, don haka yana tasiri ga sakamakon ciki.[12] Hadarin rashin haihuwa yana da alaƙa da kamuwa da cuta tare da M. genitalium, kodayake shaidu sun nuna cewa ba a haɗa shi da rashin haihuwa na namiji ba.[13] Lokacin da M. genitalium ya kasance mai haɗari mai haɗari yana da ƙarfi kuma yana da mahimmanci.[14]
Binciken da aka yi na polymerase ya nuna cewa yana haifar da urethritis mai tsanani (NGU) kuma mai yiwuwa NGU mai tsanani. Yana da alaƙa sosai da ci gaba da maimaitawa ba tare da goncoccal urethritis (NGU ba), wanda ke da alhakin kashi 15 zuwa kashi 20 cikin 100 na bayyanar cututtukan NGU a cikin maza. Ba kamar sauran mycoplasmas ba, kamuwa da cuta ba ta da alaƙa da Kwayar cuta.[15] Yana da alaƙa sosai da tsananin kamuwa da kwayar cutar kanjamau.[16] Wasu masana kimiyya suna yin bincike don sanin ko Mgen na iya taka rawa a ci gaban cututtukan prostate da ovarian da lymphomas a wasu mutane. Wadannan binciken har yanzu ba su sami cikakkiyar shaida don ba da shawarar haɗin kai ba.[17]
Kwayar halitta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Bayanan aikin kwayar halitta da furotin
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A cikin jerin kwayoyin halitta na asali, 374 daga cikin sunadarai 470 da aka annabta suna da akalla aikin "putative" da aka ba su. Kwayoyin halitta 96 ba su da daidaituwa da duk wani sunadarai da aka sani a wasu kwayoyin halitta. A cikin 2025, shekaru 30 bayan an buga kwayar halitta, har yanzu ana amfani da sunadarai 26 (a cikin Uniprot) a matsayin "mai yiwuwa" (misali rbgA / MG442 mai yiwuwa ne ribosome biogenesis GTPase A) kuma ana amfani da su sunadarai 28 a matsayin "motsawa" (misala MG125 shine Putative phosphatase [EC 3.1.3.-]). 146 sunadarai sun kasance an rubuta su a matsayin "marasa alama", tare da kusan goma sha biyu suna da wasu ayyukan da aka annabta. Ayyukan fiye da sunadarai 100 don haka ya kasance mai ban mamaki.[1]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Gupta, Radhey S.; Sawnani, Sahil; Adeolu, Mobolaji; Alnajar, Seema; Oren, Aharon (2018-09-01). "Phylogenetic framework for the phylum Tenericutes based on genome sequence data: proposal for the creation of a new order Mycoplasmoidales ord. nov., containing two new families Mycoplasmoidaceae fam. nov. and Metamycoplasmataceae fam. nov. harbouring Eperythrozoon, Ureaplasma and five novel genera". Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (in Turanci). 111 (9): 1583–1630. doi:10.1007/s10482-018-1047-3. ISSN 1572-9699. PMID 29556819. S2CID 254226604 Check
|s2cid=value (help). - ↑ Workowski K. A., Bolan G. A. (2015). "Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2015". MMWR Recomm. Rep. 64 (RR-03): 1–137. PMC 5885289. PMID 26042815.
- 1 2 Weinstein, Scott A.; Stiles, Bradley G. (2012-01-01). "Recent perspectives in the diagnosis and evidence-based treatment of Mycoplasma genitalium". Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy. 10 (4): 487–499. doi:10.1586/eri.12.20. ISSN 1478-7210. PMID 22512757. S2CID 207218803.
- 1 2 3 Jensen JS, Bradshaw C (2015). "Management of Mycoplasma genitalium infections—Can we hit a moving target". BMC Infect Dis. 15: 343. doi:10.1186/s12879-015-1041-6. PMC 4545773. PMID 26286546.
- ↑ Manhart LE, Holmes KK, Hughes JP, et al. (2007). "Mycoplasma genitalium among young adults in the United States: An emerging sexually transmitted infection". Am J Public Health. 97 (6): 1118–1125. doi:10.2105/ajph.2005.074062. PMC 1874220. PMID 17463380.
- ↑ Tully, Joseph G.; Cole, Roger M.; Taylor-Robinson, David; Rose, David L. (1981). "A newly discovered Mycoplasma in the human urinogenital tract". The Lancet. 317 (8233): 1288–1291. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(81)92461-2. PMID 6112607. S2CID 31023747.
- ↑ Tully, J. G.; Taylor-Robinson, D.; Rose, D. L.; Cole, R. M.; Bove, J. M. (1983). "Mycoplasma genitalium, a New Species from the Human Urogenital Tract". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 33 (2): 387–396. doi:10.1099/00207713-33-2-387.
- 1 2 Wiesenfeld, Harold C.; Manhart, Lisa E. (2017-07-15). "Mycoplasma genitalium in Women: Current Knowledge and Research Priorities for This Recently Emerged Pathogen". The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 216 (suppl_2): S389–S395. doi:10.1093/infdis/jix198. ISSN 1537-6613. PMC 5853983. PMID 28838078.
- ↑ Miller WC, Ford CA, Morris M, et al. (2004). "Prevalence of chlamydial and gonococcal infections among young adults in the United States". JAMA. 291 (18): 2229–2236. doi:10.1001/jama.291.18.2229. PMID 15138245.
- ↑ Manhart, Lisa E. (2013). "Mycoplasma genitalium: An emergent sexually transmitted disease?". Infectious Disease Clinics of North America. 27 (4): 779–792. doi:10.1016/j.idc.2013.08.003. PMID 24275270.
- ↑ Health.com, Kristine Thomason (7 December 2015). "What you should know about this 'new' STD - CNN". CNN. Archived from the original on 3 October 2020. Retrieved 7 December 2015.
- ↑ Contini C, Rotondo JC, Magagnoli F, Maritati M, Seraceni S, Graziano A, Poggi A, Capucci R, Vesce F, Tognon M, Martini F (2018). "Investigation on silent bacterial infections in specimens from pregnant women affected by spontaneous miscarriage". J Cell Physiol. 234 (1): 100–9107. doi:10.1002/jcp.26952. PMID 30078192.
|hdl-access=requires|hdl=(help) - ↑ C. Huang; H.L. Zhu; K.R. Xu; S.Y. Wang; L.Q. Fan; W.B. Zhu (September 2015). "Mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection and male infertility: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Andrology. 3 (5): 809–816. doi:10.1111/andr.12078. PMID 26311339. S2CID 39834287.
- ↑ Lis, R.; Rowhani-Rahbar, A.; Manhart, L. E. (2015). "Mycoplasma genitalium Infection and Female Reproductive Tract Disease: A Meta-Analysis". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 61 (3): 418–426. doi:10.1093/cid/civ312. ISSN 1058-4838. PMID 25900174.
|hdl-access=requires|hdl=(help) - ↑ Taylor-Robinson, D. (2002). "Mycoplasma genitalium – an up-date". International Journal of STD & AIDS. 13 (3): 145–151. doi:10.1258/0956462021924776. PMID 11860689. S2CID 11458681.
- ↑ Weinstein, Scott A; Stiles, Bradley G (2013). "Recent perspectives in the diagnosis and evidence-based treatment of". Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy. 10 (4): 487–499. doi:10.1586/eri.12.20. PMID 22512757. S2CID 207218803.
- ↑ Zarei, Omid; Rezania, Simin; Mousavi, Atefeh (2013). "Mycoplasma genitalium and Cancer: A Brief Review". Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention. 14 (6): 3425–3428. doi:10.7314/APJCP.2013.14.6.3425. ISSN 1513-7368. PMID 23886122.