Mycoplasma hominis
| Mycoplasma hominis | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom | Bacillati (mul)  |
| Phylum | Mycoplasmatota (mul) |
| Class | Mollicutes (mul) |
| Order | Mycoplasmatales (mul) |
| Dangi | Mycoplasmataceae (mul) |
| Genus | Mycoplasma (mul)
|
| jinsi | Mycoplasma hominis ,
|
| General information | |
| Gram stain |
gram-negative bacteria (en)  |
''Mycoplasma hominis (wanda aka fi sani da Metamycoplasma hominis) nau'in ƙwayoyin cuta ne a cikin jinsin Mycoplasmaa . M. hominis yana da ikon shiga cikin ƙwayoyin ɗan adam.[1] Tare da ureaplasmas, mycoplasmas sune mafi ƙanƙanta kwayoyin da aka sani.
Ba su da bango na tantanin halitta sabili da haka ba su da Gram stain.[2]
Mycoplasma hominis yana da alaƙa da cututtukan kumburi na pelvic [3] da ƙwayoyin cuta. [4][5] Hakanan yana da alaƙa da rashin haihuwa na namiji.[6] Wannan nau'in yana haifar da kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar jima'i.[7] Yana da saukin kamuwa da maganin rigakafi clindamycin.[8]
Girman yankuna na "tsuntsu" a kan matsakaiciyar glucose agar a cikin awanni 24-72 alama ce ta Mycoplasma hominis.
Wannan kwayar cuta na iya kamuwa da ƙwayoyin Chorionic villi na mata masu juna biyu, don haka yana tasiri ga sakamakon ciki.[9]
Ilimin halittu da ilmin sunadarai
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Halin yana da bambanci sosai kuma yana da alama ya dogara, a wani ɓangare, akan shekarun al'ada kamar yadda mafi ƙanƙanta da aka lura, yana fitowa daga jikin farko, yana da 80 nm zuwa 100 nm a diamita.[10] An lura da nau'ikan sel daban-daban daban-daban daga kwayoyin coccoid zuwa filaments da kuma tsarin da ba daidai ba tare da siffofin coccoid da zobe- ko sel masu kama da diski da ke mulki. Siffofin Coccal na jinsunan suna da alaƙa da fission na binary yayin da aka haɗu da ƙananan filaments, kuma an haɗu da ƙwayoyin budding. Wannan gaskiyar tare da gaskiyar cewa a cikin dakunan gwaje-gwaje daban-daban, iri ɗaya sun girma a ƙididdiga daban-daban. Yanayin al'adu sun rinjayi yawan rarrabuwa da yanayin salula a cikin wannan nau'in.[11]
Abubuwan da ke ciki na manyan sel a cikin jinsin suma suna da bambanci. Wadannan sel na iya ƙunshe da tsari daban-daban kamar ribosome-kamar granules, yankunan nukiliya na netlike strands, jiki mai yawa na cytoplasmic da manyan vacuoles. Wadannan abubuwan lura sun nuna hanyoyi da yawa na haifuwa ga wannan kwayar halitta.[10]
Metabolism
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Binciken jerin kwayoyin halittar M. hominis PG21 ya nuna cewa wannan kwayar halitta ita ce ta biyu mafi ƙanƙanta a cikin kwayoyin halitta masu rai.[12] Saboda ƙananan ƙwayoyin halittar su, M. hominis sun rage damar metabolism wanda ke da alamun hanyoyi daban-daban na samar da makamashi.[12] Hanyoyi uku na makamashi da M. hominis ke iya wucewa shine Embden-Meyerhoff-Parnas (EMP), arginine dihydrolase da Riboflavin metabolism.[12]
Ci gaban al'adu
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Mycoplasma hominis, kwayar halitta ba tare da bango ba, yana da wahala a gano shi saboda ba za a iya gano shi ta hanyar Gram staining ba.[1] Al'adu yana da buƙata kuma yana cin lokaci saboda buƙatu na musamman kuma yayin da gwajin DNA kai tsaye zaɓi ne, ba koyaushe yana da hankali sosai ba, kuma ba duk dakunan gwaje-gwaje suna da ƙarfinsa ba.[2] Wannan mai yiwuwa yana haifar da rashin bayar da rahoto game da kamuwa da cuta na M. hominis, wanda ke haifar da jinkirin ganewar asali da kuma sakamakon magani mara kyau Kwayoyin M. homines da aka shirya daga al'adun rukuni suna nuna ci gaban haɓaka iri ɗaya kuma suna bayyana su rarraba ta hanyar tsarin fission na binary tare da siffofin pleomorphic da ke bayyana a kan ƙarin incubation. [3][4] Irin wannan hali ya nuna ta hanyar wani nau'in da aka daidaita da dakin gwaje-gwaje da kuma wasu nau'ikan asibiti guda uku, suna sa wannan ya zama alama ce ta jinsin.[4] M. hominis yana girma a cikin kafofin watsa labarai daban-daban na dakin gwaje-gwaje, kamar su broth arginine kuma ana iya noma shi a cikin ruwa.[5] Girma a cikin wannan nau'in, da kuma mafi yawan nau'in Mycoplasma, ana motsa shi ta hanyar numfashi na anaerobic.[6]
Dubi kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Cutar da ake samu ta hanyar jima'i
- Cutar da ke cikin farji
- Cutar farji
- Jerin microbiota na ƙwayoyin cuta
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "Mycoplasma hominis PG21". Site du Genoscope. 2013-10-19. Archived from the original on 2015-09-23. Retrieved 2015-08-30.
- ↑ "Gram Staining Rules". www.atsu.edu. Retrieved 2020-08-02.
- ↑ Taylor-Robinson, D (Oct 1996). "Infections due to species of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma: an update". Clin Infect Dis. 23 (4): 671–82. doi:10.1093/clinids/23.4.671. PMID 8909826.
- ↑ Ljubin-Sternak, Sunčanica; Meštrović, Tomislav (2014). "Review: Chlamydia trachomatis and Genital Mycoplasmias: Pathogens with an Impact on Human Reproductive Health". Journal of Pathogens. 2014. doi:10.1155/2014/183167. PMC 4295611. PMID 25614838.
- ↑ Mastromarino, Paola; Vitali, Beatrice; Mosca, Luciana (2013). "Bacterial vaginosis: a review on clinical trials with probiotics" (PDF). New Microbiologica. 36 (3): 229–238. PMID 23912864. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-18. Retrieved 2026-06-10.
- ↑ C. Huang; H.L. Zhu; K.R. Xu; S.Y. Wang; L.Q. Fan; W.B. Zhu (September 2015). "Mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection and male infertility: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Andrology. 3 (5): 809–816. doi:10.1111/andr.12078. PMID 26311339. S2CID 39834287.
- ↑ Ljubin-Sternak & Meštrović 2014.
- ↑ "Clindamycin" (PDF). FA Davis Company. 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 November 2017. Retrieved 15 December 2017.
- ↑ Contini C, Rotondo JC, Magagnoli F, Maritati M, Seraceni S, Graziano A, Poggi A, Capucci R, Vesce F, Tognon M, Martini F (2018). "Investigation on silent bacterial infections in specimens from pregnant women affected by spontaneous miscarriage". J Cell Physiol. 234 (1): 100–9107. doi:10.1002/jcp.26952. PMID 30078192.
|hdl-access=requires|hdl=(help) - 1 2 Anderson, D. R.; Barile, M. F. (July 1965). "Ultrastructure of Mycoplasma hominis". Journal of Bacteriology. 90 (1): 180–192. doi:10.1128/JB.90.1.180-192.1965. ISSN 0021-9193. PMC 315612. PMID 16562016.
- ↑ Robertson, J. A.; Alfa, M.; Boatman, E. S. (1983). "Morphology of the cells and colonies of Mycoplasma hominis". Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 10 (4 Suppl): 232–239. ISSN 0148-5717. PMID 6364404.
- 1 2 3 Pereyre, Sabine; Sirand-Pugnet, Pascal; Beven, Laure; Charron, Alain; Renaudin, Hélène; Barré, Aurélien; Avenaud, Philippe; Jacob, Daniel; Couloux, Arnaud; Barbe, Valérie; de Daruvar, Antoine (October 2009). "Life on arginine for Mycoplasma hominis: clues from its minimal genome and comparison with other human urogenital mycoplasmas". PLOS Genetics. 5 (10). doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1000677. ISSN 1553-7404. PMC 2751442. PMID 19816563.