Nabiha Ben Miled

Nabiha Ben Miled
Rayuwa
Cikakken suna	نبيــهة بن عبد الله da Nabiha Ben Abdallah
Haihuwa	Tunis, 4 ga Maris, 1919
ƙasa	French protectorate of Tunisia (en) Tunisiya
Mutuwa	Tunis, 6 Mayu 2009
Ƴan uwa
Abokiyar zama	Ahmed Ben Miled (en)
Sana'a
Sana'a	gwagwarmaya, Mai kare hakkin mata da nationalists (en)

Nabiha Ben Miled (4 Maris 1919-6 Mayu 2009) ta kasance majagaba mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata 'yar Tunisiya kuma mai kishin ƙasa. Ta kasance babbar murya a cikin 'yan jaridu da ke magana game da 'yancin mata da 'yancin kai na Tunisiya daga 'yan mulkin mallaka na Faransa. Ta taɓa zama shugabar kungiyar matan Tunusiya daga shekarun 1952 zuwa 1963 kuma ta yi rubuce-rubucen goyon bayan samun 'yancin kai a Tunisiya.

Rayuwar farko

An haifi Nabiha Ben Abdallah a ranar 4 ga watan Maris 1919 a Tunis ga Baya Bint Mahjoub da Othman Bin Abdallah. Iyayenta sun kasance ɓangare na bourgeoisie na Tunisiya, kuma kakanninsu sun zauna a Tunis a ƙarni na sha tara. Ta halarci makarantar firamare ta Sidi Saber kuma tana da burin zama malama ko lauya, amma mahaifinta ya hana ta ci gaba da karatu bayan ta kammala makarantar firamare. Tana da shekaru goma sha biyar, ta auri likita Ahmed Ben Miled, wanda ya yi karatu a Faransa kuma ya kasance jagora a Harkar Kwaminisanci ta Tunisiya. Ko da yake mahaifiyarta ta dage cewa ta sa hijabi tun tana yarinya, mijinta ya ƙarfafa Miled ta rayu ba tare da lulluɓe ba.

Gwagwarmaya

Tare da kwarin gwiwar maigidanta, a cikin shekarar 1936, Miled ta shiga Tunisian Union of Muslim Women (MWUT) wanda Bchira Ben Mrad ya jagoranta. Da farko da aka kafa don tallafa wa ilimin 'ya'ya mata, a shekara ta 1938, sun faɗaɗa manufofinsu na ba da taimako ga fursunonin siyasa da kuma waɗanda ke da hannu a yunkurin 'yancin kai na neman kawo ƙarshen mulkin mallaka na Faransa. Lokacin da masu zanga-zangar suka ji rauni a lokacin zanga-zangar ranar 9 ga watan Afrilu 1938, Dr. Miled ya mai da gidansu asibiti, kuma Nabiha ta taimaka masa, tana ba da hidimar jinya ga waɗanda sojojin mulkin mallaka suka ji wa rauni. A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, ta haifi ɗiya, Khadija, a lokacin tsananin yunwa. Ita da mijinta sun ba da madarar akwati ga maƙwabta a unguwar su Halfaouine, kuma ta shirya ɗakin girkin miya. Ta yin amfani da tuntuɓar ’yan kasuwa na gida, Miled ta jagoranci matan unguwarsu don yin abinci ɗari biyu a kowace rana daga kayayyakin da ’yan kasuwa suka bayar.

A cikin shekarar 1944, Miled ta bar MWUT, saboda rashin aikin da kungiyar ta yi da kuma dogaro da jam'iyyar siyasa Destour. Ta shiga kungiyar matan Tunisiya (TWU), wacce ke da alaƙa da Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci ta Tunisiya. Canjin akida da amincewarta ya samo asali ne saboda shugabancin jam'iyyar Destour, maimakon neman 'yancin cin gashin kai ga Tunisiya gaba ɗaya, tana goyon bayan samar da 'yanci ta hanyar gyara kundin tsarin mulkin da ake da shi. Miled ta goyi bayan mafi tsattsauran ra'ayi, wanda ya haɗa manufofin kishin ƙasa tare da shirye-shiryen inganta zamantakewa, musamman waɗanda ke da nufin samar da yancin mata da damar makaranta ga yara marasa galihu.

A shekara ta 1951, an naɗa Miled ta yi aiki a hukumar TWU, kuma a shekara ta gaba, ta zama shugabar kungiyar, inda ta yi aiki a wannan matsayi har zuwa lokacin da aka rusheta a shekarar 1963 saboda alaka ta kut da kut da jam'iyyar gurguzu. Daga shekarar 1952, ta kuma taimaka wa mijinta, Mohamed El Salami, da Mohamed Saleh Ka'far rubuta da kuma isar da jaridar Commandos a asirce, wacce ta buƙaci 'yan Tunisiya su shiga cikin 'yantar da kansu da kuma fafutukar kwato 'yancinsu na zama kasa.

Maimakon ta shiga Ƙungiyar Mata ta Tunisiya, wacce Miled ta ga cewa tana da alaƙa da jam'iyya ɗaya, ta bar ƙungiyoyin mata na yau da kullum. Duk da haka, ta ci gaba da buga labarai a cikin mujallar Faransa, The Proletarian Revolution, har zuwa mutuwarta. Tare da 'ya'yanta sun girma, ta fara aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin jin dadin jama'a a asibitin Charles Nicolle a Tunis amma ta yi murabus lokacin da ma'aikatan suka fara matsa mata don sanar da abokan aiki da kuma bin wasu ayyuka na addini.

A cikin shekarar 1993, an buga tarihin matan da ke da hannu a harkar kishin ƙasa a Tunisiya, Mémoire de femmes: Tunisiennes dans la vie publique, 1920-1960 (Memoirs of women: Tunisians in public life, 1920-1960); ya ƙunshi zanen tarihin rayuwar Miled.

Mutuwa da martaba

Miled ta mutu a Tunis a ranar 6 ga watan Mayu 2009. A cikin shekarar 2013, Ilhem Marzouki Jami'ar Mata ( ta gudanar da karramawa don tunawa da ita da kuma girmama gudunmawar mata masu tarihi ga mata a Tunisia.

Duba kuma

• Jerin sunayen marubutan mata na Tunisiya
• Kungiyar Matan Tunisiya ta kasa
• Kungiyar Matan Dimokradiyya ta Tunisiya