Naomi Anderson
Naomi Bowman Talbert Anderson
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| An haife shi | Naomi Bowman Maris 1, 1843Michigan City, Indiana, AmurkaBirnin Michigan, Indiana, Amurka
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| Ya mutu | Yuni 9, 1899 (shekaru 56) |
| Ayyuka |
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Naomi Bowman Talbert Anderson (Maris 1, 1843 - Yuni 9, 1899) ta kasance ƴar Afirka ce daga Afirka, jagora, mai fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama, kuma marubuciya [1] wacce ta ba da shawara ga daidaito ga dukkan jinsi da kabilanci a cikin shekarun 1870. Ta rubuta waka kuma ta ba da jawabai da ke nuna kwarewar matan Afirka na Amurka waɗanda har yanzu bautarsu ta hanyar rashin iya jefa kuri'a, suna karɓar yabo mai yawa daga wasu masu sufragists saboda gudummawar da ta bayar ga motsi.
Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Anderson ne ga iyayen baƙar fata masu 'yanci, Elijah da Guilly Ann Bowman, a Birnin Michigan, Indiana . [2] Bowmans na ɗaya daga cikin iyalai baƙi biyu a Birnin Michigan inda aka hana Anderson daga makarantun jama'a na Indiana. Mahaifiyarta ta hayar da ita a matsayin mai koyarwa mai zaman kansa inda ta haɓaka ƙwarewarta ta rubuce-rubuce.[3] Lokacin da al'ummar fari na Michigan City suka lura da kwarewarta a cikin shayari, an shigar da ita a makarantar da ta kasance a baya tana da shekaru 12.[3] Mahaifiyarta ta mutu a shekara ta 1860, kuma mahaifin Anderson bai sanya irin wannan jaddada ilimi ba, ya hana ta halartar kwaleji.[2]
Rayuwar aure da iyali
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Naomi ta yi aure tana da shekaru ashirin ga William Talbert, mai aski daga Valparaiso, Indiana. Ta koma Michigan City kasa da watanni biyu bayan aurenta don binne 'yar'uwarta guda daya. A nan ne ta kuma binne ɗanta na farko. Ɗan'uwanta ya mutu kafin wannan aiki a Jacksonville, Florida a cikin Sojojin Tarayya .
A shekara ta 1868 ta koma tare da mijinta, ɗanta, da mahaifinta zuwa Chicago, inda ta fara fafutukar ta. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan yawon shakatawa ta koma tare da iyalinta zuwa Dayton, Ohio. Daga nan sai ta zauna a Cincinnati, Ohio, kuma bayan lafiyar mijinta ta gaza, ta koyi sana'ar gyaran gashi kuma ta koma tare da iyalinta zuwa Portsmouth, Ohio. A can, ta yi aiki don tallafa wa iyalinta kuma ta shirya gidan yara. Ta gudanar da gidan na watanni huɗu, amma ta bar aikin saboda ƙananan albashi da nauyin iyali. Ta wuce kwamitin masu jarrabawa kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin malama a lokacin mutuwar mijinta a 1877. [4]
Ta sake komawa a 1879 zuwa Columbus, Ohio kuma ta gina kasuwancin gyaran gashi. Ta auri mijinta na biyu, Lewis Anderson, a 1881, kuma sun yi ritaya zuwa gona kusa da Columbus. Daga baya, ta koma Wichita Kansas a 1884, inda mijinta ya kasance mai cin nasara a banki.
Hakkin mata da kuma bayar da shawarwari
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Naomi ta ba da gudummawa tare da Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya ta Grand Templars a Birnin Chicago kuma daga baya Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Kiristoci ta Mata don inganta kamewa.[2] Ba da daɗewa ba, ta fara magana game da zaɓen mata, tun daga Yarjejeniyar 'Yancin Mata ta farko a 1869. Ta yi rangadin lacca a 1869 ta kudancin Illinois, Indiana, da Ohio. Daga 1869 zuwa shekarun 1870, ta rubuta labarai game da mata, Kiristanci, da kamewa ga jaridu ciki har da Chicago Tribune da Dayton Journal . Ta rubuta waka don bikin cika shekaru dari na Amurka a 1876. Wannan aikin ya nuna bangaskiyarta ta Kirista, godiya ga shugabannin da suka jagoranci kawar da bautar, da kuma fatan cewa 'yan Afirka na Afirka za su bauta wa al'ummarsu, su bi damar ilimi, da kuma "bayar da basirarmu / A matakin da bil'adama".[4]
Bayan ta koma Wichita tare da mijinta na biyu, an "santa a matsayin malami, mawaki, da kuma mai ba da shawara kan 'yancin mata. " Ta kuma gano cewa fararen mata da suka shirya gidan yara ba za su yarda da yara masu launin fata ba, don haka Anderson ta tara majalisa ta mata masu launin fata kuma ta shirya "gida ta kansu".[4]
Lokacin da Anderson ta zauna a San Francisco a cikin shekarun 1890, ta yi aiki tare da fararen 'yan mata don yin kamfen don daya daga cikin kuri'un raba gardama na mata na farko na jihar.[2] Masu fafutuka Susan B. Anthony da Elizabeth Cady Stanton dukansu sun yaba da gudummawar da ta bayar ga motsi.[2] Maganar Anderson ta yi magana da maza da suka kasance bayi a baya kuma ta nemi su yarda cewa matan Afirka na Amurka za su ci gaba da zama bayi har sai sun sami damar jefa kuri'a.
Bayanan da aka ambata
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Empty citation (help)
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Hine, Darlene Clark. "Anderson, Naomi". Facts On File Encyclopedia of Black Women in America: The Early Years, 1617–1899. Facts on File, Inc. Retrieved 24 September 2014.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Cite error: Invalid
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