Nau'in muhali na asali

nau'in na asali
	biogeographical status (en)
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na	jinsi
Bangare na	ecosystem (en)
Fuskar	biogeography (en) da bioregion (en)
Karatun ta	invasion biology (en)
Has characteristic (en)	biological interaction (en) da mutualism (en)
Hannun riga da	introduced species (en) da adventive species (en)

Lupine's mai manyan ganye (*Lupinus polyphyllus*): asalin yammacin Arewacin Amurka amma an gabatar da shi kuma yana mamayewa a wurare da yawa a duk duniya

A cikin ilmin halitta, jinsin asali ne ga wani yanki ko tsarin halittu idan kasancewarsa a wannan yankin shine sakamakon juyin halitta na gida kawai (ko da yake sau da yawa ana shahara da shi a matsayin "ba tare da sa hannun mutum ba") a cikin Tarihi.^[1] Kalmar ta yi daidai da manufar 'yan asalin ko nau'in autochthonous.

Kwayar daji (kamar yadda ta saba da kwayar halitta ta gidaje) an san ta da nau'in da aka gabatar a cikin yankunan da aka gabatar da ita ta hanyar anthropogenically.^[2] Idan jinsin da aka gabatar ya haifar da mummunar lalacewar muhalli, muhalli da / ko tattalin arziki, ana iya ɗaukar shi musamman a matsayin jinsin mamayewa.

Wani nau'in asali a cikin wani wuri ba lallai ba ne kuma ya zama a wannan wuri. Ana samun nau'o'in da ke cikin yankin ne kawai a wani wuri. Wani nau'in asali na iya faruwa a wasu yankuna ban da wanda ake la'akari da shi. Kalmomin da ke cikin gida da na asali ba su nuna cewa kwayar halitta ta fara ne ko ya samo asali inda take a halin yanzu.

Ra'ayi

Ma'anar haihuwar sau da yawa ra'ayi ne mai rikitarwa, saboda aiki ne na lokaci da iyakokin siyasa. A tsawon lokaci, yanayin gida da alamu na ƙaura suna canzawa koyaushe yayin da faranti na tectonic ke motsawa, shiga, da rarraba. Canjin yanayi na halitta (wanda yake da jinkiri sosai fiye da canjin yanayi na mutum) yana canza matakin teku, rufe kankara, zafin jiki, da ruwan sama, yana haifar da canje-canje kai tsaye a cikin zama da canje-canjen kai tsaye ta hanyar kasancewar masu cin nama, masu fafatawa, tushen abinci, har ma da matakan oxygen. Dabbobi suna bayyana, haifuwa, da jimrewa, ko kuma sun ƙare, kuma rarraba su da wuya a tsaya ko kuma a tsare su a wani wuri.

Bugu da ƙari, bambancin da ke tsakanin 'yan asalin da wadanda ba' yan asalin ba kamar yadda aka haɗa su da abin da ya faru a cikin gida a lokacin tarihi an soki su da rashin hangen nesa, kuma an yi shari'a don ƙarin rarrabuwa kamar na' yan asalin prehistoric, wanda ya faru a wani yanki a lokacin prehistory amma tun daga lokacin sun sha wahala a cikin gida saboda sa hannun ɗan adam.^[3]

Muhalli

Dabbobi na asali suna samar da al'ummomi da hulɗar halittu tare da wasu takamaiman tsire-tsire, fauna, fungi, da sauran kwayoyin. Misali, wasu nau'ikan shuke-shuke na iya haifuwa ne kawai tare da ci gaba da hulɗa tare da wani mai shuka dabba, kuma dabba mai shuka na iya dogara da wannan nau'in shuke- shuke-huke don tushen abinci.^[4] Yawancin jinsuna sun saba da iyakantaccen yanayi, mai ban mamaki, ko yanayi mai tsanani, kamar yanayin sanyi ko gobarar daji akai-akai.^[5] Sauran na iya rayuwa a yankuna daban-daban ko daidaitawa da mahalli daban-daban.

Tasirin ɗan adam da shiga tsakani

TBambancin jinsuna a sassa da yawa na duniya ya wanzu ne kawai saboda yankuna sun rabu da shingen, musamman manyan koguna, Tekuna, Tekuna, duwatsu, da hamada. Mutane na iya gabatar da nau'o'in da ba su taɓa haɗuwa a tarihin juyin halitta ba, a kan ma'auni daban-daban na lokaci daga kwanaki zuwa shekarun da suka gabata (Long, 1981; Vermeij, 1991). Mutane suna motsa nau'o'in halittu a duk faɗin duniya a matakin da ba a taɓa gani ba. Wadanda ke aiki don magance nau'o'in da ke mamayewa suna kallon wannan a matsayin karuwar haɗari ga nau'o-in da aka haifa.

Yayin da mutane ke gabatar da nau'o'in zuwa sababbin wurare don noma, ko jigilar su ta hanyar haɗari, wasu daga cikinsu na iya zama nau'o-in da ke mamayewa, suna lalata al'ummomin asali. Dabbobi masu mamayewa na iya samun tasiri mai zurfi a kan yanayin halittu ta hanyar canza tsarin yanayin halittu, aiki, yawan jinsuna, da kuma abun da ke cikin al'umma. Baya ga lalacewar muhalli, waɗannan nau'o'in na iya lalata aikin gona, ababen more rayuwa, da kayan al'adu. Hukumomin gwamnati da kungiyoyin muhalli suna ba da umarnin karuwar albarkatu don magance waɗannan nau'ikan.

Manazarta

↑ "Executive Order 13112". 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 15 May 2008. Retrieved 2022-07-09.
↑ "Introduced species". Science Daily. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
↑ Lemoine, Rhys T.; Svenning, Jens-Christian (2022-03-03). "Nativeness is not binary—a graduated terminology for native and non-native species in the Anthropocene". Restoration Ecology (in Turanci). 30 (8). Bibcode:2022ResEc..3013636L. doi:10.1111/rec.13636. ISSN 1061-2971. S2CID 246251260 Check |s2cid= value (help).
↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named tallamy2007
↑ Oduor, Ayub M. O. (2022). "Native plant species show evolutionary responses to invasion by Parthenium hysterophorus in an African savanna". New Phytologist (in Turanci). 233 (2): 983–994. Bibcode:2022NewPh.233..983O. doi:10.1111/nph.17574. ISSN 0028-646X. PMID 34170513 Check |pmid= value (help).

[CEQ2-1] "Executive Order 13112". 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 15 May 2008. Retrieved 2022-07-09.

[IntroducedDS-2] "Introduced species". Science Daily. Retrieved 26 December 2017.

[3] Lemoine, Rhys T.; Svenning, Jens-Christian (2022-03-03). "Nativeness is not binary—a graduated terminology for native and non-native species in the Anthropocene". Restoration Ecology (in Turanci). 30 (8). Bibcode:2022ResEc..3013636L. doi:10.1111/rec.13636. ISSN 1061-2971. S2CID 246251260 Check |s2cid= value (help).

[tallamy2007-4] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named tallamy2007

[5] Oduor, Ayub M. O. (2022). "Native plant species show evolutionary responses to invasion by Parthenium hysterophorus in an African savanna". New Phytologist (in Turanci). 233 (2): 983–994. Bibcode:2022NewPh.233..983O. doi:10.1111/nph.17574. ISSN 0028-646X. PMID 34170513 Check |pmid= value (help).

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]