Nile Basin
Kogin Nilu wani bangare ne na Afirka wanda Kogin Nilu da maɓulɓulansa suka kwashe.
Baya ga kasancewarsa ta biyu mafi girma a fannin samar da ruwa a Afirka, Kogin Nilu shi ne mafi shahara a fannin samar da magudanar ruwa a nahiyar. Ya mamaye 3,112,369 km 2, [1] ko kuma kusan kashi 10% na yankin Afirka, wanda ke ratsa yankunan busassu kuma yana da yawan jama'a. Shirin Tafkin Nilu (NBI) ya kasance tun daga shekarar 1999, da nufin ƙarfafa haɗin gwiwa wajen raba albarkatun da abin ya shafa.[2]
Yankin ruwa na kwandon ya rufe Burundi, Chadi, Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, Masar, Eritrea, Habasha, Kenya, Rwanda, Sudan ta Kudu, Sudan, Tanzania, da Uganda. Basin shine babban mai samar da ruwa mai kyau, wutar lantarki, da kifi ga mazauna yankin na waɗannan ƙasashe, yana tallafawa kimanin mazauna miliyan 270, ko 20% na yawan Afirka. Kogin ya tashi a cikin tsaunuka kuma yana gudana a yankuna masu bushewa sosai, musamman hamadar Sahara.[3]
Babban hanyar da ake iya zirga-zirga a kanta ta ruwa ita ce ta cikin Kogin Nilu, daga bakin kogin da yake shiga cikin Tekun Bahar Rum (wato bayan yankin Delta na Nilu) har zuwa lokacin da kogin ya kewaye birnin Aswan a kudancin Masar. Haka kuma akwai wasu hanyoyin ruwa da ake iya zirga-zirga a cikinsu a yankin Dam ɗin Aswan. A tsakiyar Kogin Nilu, bayan dam ɗin, saboda kasancewar jerin rafuffuka masu gangara (cataracts) a arewacin Khartoum na ƙasar Sudan, ana iya zirga-zirga a cikin kogin ne kawai a sassa uku. Sashe na farko yana daga iyakar Masar da Sudan zuwa ƙarshen kudancin Tafkin Nasser. Sashe na biyu yana tsakanin cataract na uku da na huɗu. Sashe na uku kuma, wanda shi ne mafi muhimmanci, yana daga Khartoum a kudu har zuwa Juba a ƙasar South Sudan.[4]
Babban mai samar da ruwa ga kwandon shine Tafkin Victoria, wanda ke cikin Babban Rift Valley.[5] Kimanin mutane miliyan 238 suna zaune a cikin kwarin Nilu, miliyan 172 daga cikin waɗannan suna zaune a yankunan karkara.[6]
A yankin kudu maso yammacin kwandon a Sudan ta Kudu kusa da ruwa tare da taimakon kwandon kwandon kwari na Kongo an yi shi da babban pediplain guda ɗaya.[7] Tsawon da ke tashi sama da wannan pediplain suna dauke da ƙasa ta laterite, wani lokacin tare da pisolites ko ferricrete, kuma ragowar tsohuwar farfajiyar.[7] Wasu daga cikin taron da suka dace da tsohuwar farfajiyar da aka ambata an kafa su ne ta hanyar sauyawa kwari.[7]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "نهر النيل". الجزيرة نت (in Larabci). Retrieved 2026-05-16.
- ↑ NBI Strategy Archived 2023-03-24 at the Wayback Machine. NBI. 2020
- ↑ The Nile River Basin - an introduction. Waternet. 2017.
- ↑ Nile river basin: Dams and reservoirs. Encypaedia Bittanica. 2020.
- ↑ Nile river basin: Dams and reservoirs. Encypaedia Bittanica. 2020.
- ↑ Kimenyi, Mwangi; Mbaku, John (2015-02-12). Governing the Nile River Basin: The Search for a New Legal Regime (in Turanci). Brookings Institution Press. pp. 10–11. ISBN 978-0-8157-2656-2.
- 1 2 3 Fölster, Horst (1964). "Morphogenese der südsudanischen Pediplane". Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie (in German). 8 (4): 393–423.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)