Nyangwe
 Nyangwe | ||||
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| Wuri | ||||
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| Ƴantacciyar ƙasa | Jamhuriyar dimokuradiyya Kwango | |||
Province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (en)  | Maniema (en) | |||
| Labarin ƙasa | ||||
| Altitude (en) | 470 m | |||
Nyangwe birni ne, da ke gefen dama na kogin Lualaba, a cikin lardin Maniema a gabashin Jamhuriyar Dimokaradiyyar Kwango (yankin Kasongo). A cikin rabin na biyu na ƙarni na 19, ya kasance muhimmiyar cibiyar Swahili - Larabawa don kasuwanci kamar hauren giwa, zinari, baƙin ƙarfe da bayi, saura ɗaya daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin kasuwancin bayi har zuwa yakin Larabawa Kongo.[1]
An kafa garin a matsayin wurin ajiyar kasuwancin Larabawa a wajajen shekara ta 1860.[1] Daga baya ya zama wani yanki na Sarkin Musulmi na Utetera, wanda mai cinikin bayi na Swahili Tippu Tip ke mulki kuma yana da alaƙa da cinikin bayi na Zanzibar na Sarkin Musulmi na Zanzibar.[2][1]
David Livingstone shine Bature na farko da ya ziyarci Nyagwe a shekara ta 1871. A cewar bayanin nasa, Swahili–Larabawa sun kori asalin mazauna yankin, Wagenya, lokacin da suka kafa garinsu.[1][3] A sakamakon haka, Wagenya sun zama marasa aminta da duk wani baƙon da ya ziyarci yankin. [1]
A ranar 15 ga watan Yulin 1871, Livingstone ya shaida kusan ’yan Afirka 400 zuwa 500 da ɓarayi Larabawa ke yi wa kisan kiyashi a kasuwar Nyangwe da ke gabar tekun Lualaba, yayin da yake kallo kusa da babban ɗan kasuwan Larabawa Dugumbe wanda ya ba shi taimako. [1] [3] Kamar yadda ya rubuta a cikin littafin tarihinsa, harin wani mataki ne na ramuwar gayya ga ayyukan Manilla, wani babban bawa da ya kori ƙauyukan mutanen Mohombo bisa jagorancin hafsan Wagenya Kimburu. Larabawan sun kai hari kan mutanen Kimburu da kuma duk wanda suka samu a kasuwar.[1] [3]
Masu bincike daga Jami'ar Indiana ta Pennsylvania da suka leka littafin Livingstone sun nuna cewa a cikin sanya bayanansa na ɓarke wa game da kisan kiyashin a cikin labarin mujallarsa, ya bar damuwarsa game da wasu mabiyansa, bayi mallakar 'yan kasuwa na Banyan waɗanda John Kirk ya ɗauka hayar, mai rikon kwarya na Biritaniya a Zanzibar, kuma ya aika don samun Livingstone lafiya. An ‘yantar da waɗannan bayin ne kuma aka kara da su cikin jam’iyyarsa, amma sun nuna ta’addanci ga mutanen yankin da ya saba wa umarninsa, kuma yana fargabar cewa suna da hannu wajen fara kisan kiyashin. Littafin littafinsa ya rubuta "Maza Dugumbe sun kashe Kimburu da wani don bayi" kuma yana nuna cewa bawan Manilla ya taka rawar gani, amma idan aka waiwayi abubuwan da suka faru, ya ce mutanen Dugumbe sun ɗauki nauyi kuma suka fara shi don yin misali na Manilla. A cikin littafin tarihin ya bayyana yadda ya aike da mutanensa tare da kare tuta don taimakawa ɗan uwan Manilla, a cikin littafinsa na mujalla don taimakawa mazauna ƙauyen. The edited version da aka buga bayan mutuwa a Livingstone's Last Journals a cikin shekarar 1874 ya bar mahallin maganganun Livingstone na farko game da Kirk da munanan halaye na mazajen Banyan da aka hayar, kuma ya bar mutanen ƙauyen 'ƙarfin tashin hankali na farko ga bayin Larabawa, don haka suna nuna ƙauyen a matsayin waɗanda abin ya shafa. Sashin kan kisan kiyashin kansa yana da ƙananan gyare-gyare na nahawu. [1] [4]
Lokacin da Livingstone ya ziyarci Nyangwe, shi ne birni na ƙarshe da aka sani ga mutanen da suka fito daga gabas, kuma Livingstone ya yi tunanin cewa Lualaba shine ɓangaren sama na kogin Nilu. A cikin shekarar 1877 Henry Morton Stanley ya bi kogin daga ƙasa daga Nyangwe tare da goyon bayan mai mulkin yankin, Tippu Tip, kuma yayin da ya isa Boma, ya tabbatar da cewa yana ɗaya daga cikin tushen kogin Kongo.[1][3]
Sauran baƙi na Turai zuwa garin sune Verney Lovett Cameron a shekarar 1874 da Hermann Wissmann a shekarar 1883.
Duba kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Cannibalism in Africa § Congo Basin
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Wisnicki, Adrian S. (2017). "Livingstone in 1871". Livingstone Online. Retrieved 30 September 2023. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "livingstoneonline.org" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Stanley, Henry Morton (1899). Through the Dark Continent. 2. London: G. Newnes. pp. 94–97.
- 1 2 3 4 Jeal, Tim (2007). Stanley: The Impossible Life of Africa's Greatest Explorer. Yale University Press. pp. 331–335. ISBN 978-0-300-12625-9. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Jeal-pp331-335" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ "Researchers now presume that Dr Livingstone lied". CBS News. 2 November 2011. Retrieved 25 April 2019.