Odessa

Odessa
	Одеса (uk)
Flag of Odesa‎ (en)	Coat of arms of Odesa (en)
	;
Inkiya	Одеса-мама, Одесса-мама, Odesa-Mama, Південна Пальміра, Южная Пальмира da Southern Palmira
Suna saboda	Odessos (en)
Wuri
	46°30′N 30°42′E / 46.5°N 30.7°E
Ƴantacciyar ƙasa	Ukraniya
Oblast of Ukraine (en)	Odesa Oblast (en)
Raion of Ukraine (en)	Odesa Raion (en)
Hromada (en)	Odesa Urban Hromada (en)
Babban birnin	Odesa Oblast (en) (1932–); Odesa Urban Hromada (en) (2020–); Odesa Raion (en) (2020–)
Yawan mutane
Faɗi	1,010,537 (2022)
• Yawan mutane	4,265.67 mazaunan/km²
Labarin ƙasa
Bangare na	Odesa Agglomeration (en)
Yawan fili	236.9 km²
Wuri a ina ko kusa da wace teku	Gulf of Odesa (en) , Black Sea, Khadzhibey Estuary (en) da Kuyalnik Estuary (en)
Altitude (en)	40 m
Sun raba iyaka da	Kryzhanivka (en) ; Lymanka (en)
Bayanan tarihi
Mabiyi	Khadjibey (en)
Ƙirƙira	15 century
Muhimman sha'ani	Siege of Odesa 1941 (en) ; 2014 Odesa clashes (en) ; Odesa strikes (en)
Tsarin Siyasa
• Mayor of Odesa (en)	Hennadij Truchanov (en) (27 Mayu 2014)
Bayanan Tuntuɓa
Lambar aika saƙo	65000–65480
Kasancewa a yanki na lokaci	UTC+03:00 (en) ; UTC+02:00 (en) ; Eastern European Time (en)
Tsarin lamba ta kiran tarho	048
Wasu abun
Yanar gizo	omr.gov.ua

Odesa^{[lower-alpha 1]} (wanda ake rubuta shi 'Odessa') ^{Ukraine in 2022.":" <ref name=\"USA Today spellings\"/>"}},"i":0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="cite_ref-7" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Transclusion mw:Extension/ref">[./Odesa#cite_note-7 [b]]} ita ce birni na uku mafi yawan jama'a kuma babban gari a Yukren mai dauke da kuma babbar tashar jirgin ruwa da cibiyar sufuri da ke kudu maso yammacin ƙasar, a arewa maso yammacin Bakin Tekun. Har ila yau, birnin shine Cibiyar gudanarwa ta Odesa Raion da Odessa Oblast, kuma itace cibiyar al'adu ta kabilanci. Ya zuwa watan Janairun 2021, yawan mutanen Odesa ya kai kusan 1,010,537. A ranar 25 ga watan Janairun 2023, an ayyana cibiyar birni ta tarihi a matsayin Gidan Tarihin Duniya kuma an kara ta a cikin Jerin Tarihin Duniya da ke cikin Haɗari ta Kwamitin Tarihin Duniya na UNESCO don nuna godiya ga al'adu da yawa da kuma tsara birane na ƙarni na 19. ^[1] An yi wannan sanarwar ne don mayar da martani ga fashewar bam a Odesa a lokacin mamayar Rasha a Ukraine, wanda ya lalata ko lalata gine-gine a duk faɗin birnin.

A zamanin d ̄ a babban garin Girka ya wanzu a wurin daga tsakiyar karni na 6 BC ba. An bincika shi a matsayin yiwuwar shafin tsohuwar Girka na Histria. Tarihi na farko da aka ambaci tashar jiragen ruwa ta Slavic na Kotsiubijiv, wanda ya kasance wani ɓangare na Grand Duchy na Lithuania, ya samo asali ne daga 1415, lokacin da aka aika jirgin ruwa daga nan zuwa Constantinople ta teku.^[2] Bayan Grand Duchy ya rasa mulkinsa, tashar jiragen ruwan da kewayenta sun zama wani ɓangare na yankin Daular Ottoman a 1529, a ƙarƙashin sunan Hacibey, kuma sun kasance a ciki har sai da aka ci Ottomans a cikin Russo-Turkish War (1787-1792). A cikin shekara ta 1794, Sarauniyar Rasha Catherine II ta bada umurni don kafa tashar jiragen ruwa da wurin kasuwanci a Khadjibey, wanda aka sanya wa suna Odessa ba da daɗewa ba.^[3]^[4] Daga 1819 zuwa 1858, Odesa tashar jiragen ruwa ta kasance tashar kyauta. A Lokacin Soviet, muhimmiyar tashar kasuwanci ce kuma sansanin sojan ruwa. A cikin karni na 19, Odesa ita ce birni na huɗu mafi girma a Daular Rasha, bayan Moscow, Saint Petersburg da Warsaw.^[5] Tsarin gine-ginen tarihi ya fi kama da na Bahar Rum fiye da na Rasha, yana da salo irin na Faransa da Italiya. Wasu gine-ginen suna da tsari daban daban wanda ya hada da Art Nouveau, Renaissance da Classicist.^[6]

Odesa tashar jiragen ruwa ce mai dumi. Birnin Odesa yana karbar bakuncin Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Odesa da Port Pivdennyi, wani muhimmin tashar man fetur na nan a cikin unguwannin birnin. Wani sanannen tashar jiragen ruwa, Chornomorsk, yana cikin wannan yankin, zuwa kudu maso yammacin Odesa. Tare suna wakiltar babban cibiyar sufuri da ke hadewa da layin dogo. An haɗa wuraren sarrafa man fetur da sinadarai na Odesa zuwa hanyoyin sadarwar Rasha da sauran Turai ta hanyar bututun ruwa. A shekara ta 2000, an ayyana Quarantine Pier a Odesa Commercial Sea Port a matsayin tashar jiragen ruwa kyauta da kuma Yankin tattalin arziki kyauta na tsawon shekaru 25.

Manazarta

Cite error: <ref> tags exist for a group named "lower-alpha", but no corresponding <references group="lower-alpha"/> tag was found

↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "The Historic Centre of Odesa". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
↑ ""Наш завзятий Головатий" повернувся до Одеси". «Антидот» і «детокс» від «Дня». Archived from the original on 15 May 2022. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
↑ O. M. Yeremenko; A. V. Kroytor (21 September 2020). "CHAPTER 5 LUGANIAN CHARACTER TWENTY YEARS LATER: NECESSARY CORRECTION". Liha-Pres. Archived from the original on 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
↑ "The Statue of Catherine II 'the Great' or the Monument to the Odessa Founders". Contested Histories (in Turanci). 5 May 2022. Archived from the original on 13 July 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2023.
↑ Herlihy, Patricia (1977). "The Ethnic Composition of the City of Odessa in the Nineteenth Century" (PDF). Harvard Ukrainian Studies. 1 (1): 53–78. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 May 2008.
↑ "Odessa: Architecture and Monuments". UKRWorld.Com. 2009. Archived from the original on 6 March 2012. Retrieved 9 June 2009.

[2] Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "The Historic Centre of Odesa". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.

[3] ""Наш завзятий Головатий" повернувся до Одеси". «Антидот» і «детокс» від «Дня». Archived from the original on 15 May 2022. Retrieved 5 August 2022.

[автоссылка4-4] O. M. Yeremenko; A. V. Kroytor (21 September 2020). "CHAPTER 5 LUGANIAN CHARACTER TWENTY YEARS LATER: NECESSARY CORRECTION". Liha-Pres. Archived from the original on 13 July 2023. Retrieved 20 July 2023.

[автоссылка5-5] "The Statue of Catherine II 'the Great' or the Monument to the Odessa Founders". Contested Histories (in Turanci). 5 May 2022. Archived from the original on 13 July 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2023.

[PH-6] Herlihy, Patricia (1977). "The Ethnic Composition of the City of Odessa in the Nineteenth Century" (PDF). Harvard Ukrainian Studies. 1 (1): 53–78. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 May 2008.

[UKRWorld-7] "Odessa: Architecture and Monuments". UKRWorld.Com. 2009. Archived from the original on 6 March 2012. Retrieved 9 June 2009.

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