Okomfo Anokye
 Okomfo Anokye | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Rayuwa | |
| Haihuwa | Akwamu, 1655 |
| ƙasa | Daular Ashanti |
| Mutuwa | Akwamu, 1777 |
| Karatu | |
| Harsuna | Yaren Asante |
| Sana'a | |
| Sana'a |
priest (en)  |
Okomfo Anokye (c.1655-c.1717/c.1719) shi ne na farkon (Okomfo) na Daular Ashanti kuma an san shi da shiga cikin faɗaɗa Daular Ashanti.[1][2]
Farkon rayuwa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
An haifi Okomfo Anokye a Ghana a wajajen alif dubu daya dadari shidda da hamsin da biyar 1655. A bisa al'adar Akuapem, shi dan Ano da Yaa Anubea, dukkansu daga Awukugua a Nifa Division na jihar Okere. Sunansa ya samo asali ne daga abin da ya faru:
Bayan Fage An ce lokacin da aka haifi Okomfo Anokye a Awukugua ya riga ya riƙe a hannunsa na dama da ɗan gajeren wutsiyar saniya (Podua); kuma ya dafe dayan hannun yasa babu wanda zai bude shi. Matar da ta je isar da mahaifiyar da ke aiki ta yi ƙoƙarin buɗewa saboda tana zargin akwai wani abu a ciki. An kira mahaifin don taimakawa. Okomfo Anokye ya buɗe idanunsa kuma, yana kallon mahaifin, da sauri ya buɗe hannun mai ban mamaki, ya nuna wa mahaifin ya ce "Ano.. Kye (Yaren Guan) ma'ana "Ano ... duba" kuma ya ba mahaifin abin da ke ciki. Wai ashe taliya ce. Daga wannan lamarin Kwame Agyei ya sami sunansa "Anokye". Amos Anti, "Akwamu, Denkyira, Akuapem, and Ashanti in the Lives of Osei Tutu and Okomfo Anokye" (1971)
A lokacin haihuwarsa a Awukugua, an ce ya zo da kyauta daga alloli; poayan sanduna waɗanda aka liƙe a tafin hannunsa da babu wanda zai iya buɗe su; kuma a daya hannun tuni ya kasance wani gajeren gajeren fari ne na saniya (Podua). Daga baya Otumfuo Nana Osei Tutu II ya tabbatar da wannan ikirarin yayin ziyarar sa a Awukugua a cikin 2014.
Kafuwar Daular Ashanti[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Lokacin da Osei Kofi Tutu na gaji sarautar Kumaseman State tsakanin c.1680 da c.1695 (ba a san takamaiman shekarar ba; duk da cewa tabbas ya kasance Kumasehene a shekara ta 1695) ga jagorancin karamar kungiyar jihohin gandun daji Akan da ke kusa da garin Kumasi, waɗanda aka riga aka haɗa su cikin ƙawancen soja, Anokye ya kasance mai ba shi shawara da babban firist. Tutu da Anokye, waɗanda dole ne a yi la'akari da su tare, sun aiwatar da manufar faɗaɗa magabata, inda suka kayar da manyan abokan gaba biyu, Akan Doma zuwa arewa maso yamma da kuma daular Denkyera a kudu.
Marubutan tarihi na Ashanti sun kasance kuma har yanzu suna cewa mutanen Asante sun fito ne daga mutanen tsohuwar Daular Ghana (don haka sunan da Kwame Nkrumah ya ba ƙasar yanzu), wanda aka ce zai maye gurbin jarumtakarsu. Ashanti sun mamaye yankuna da yawa na Gana a cikin karni na 17 ta hanyar tumɓuke manyan shugabanninsu, Denkyira. Okomfo Anokye ya kasance babban malami ne mai ƙarfi wanda ya yi aiki don tara mutane don neman abokinsa sarki. Anokye an kuma ce ya sanya takobi a tsakiyar yankin Ashanti, wanda Turawa ba su iya fitar da kowane irin fasaha ba sama da shekaru 500. Ashanti na ɗaya daga cikin yankuna kaɗan a Yammacin Afirka da suka sami nasarori akan Turawan Ingila a yaƙi.
Haɗa kan mutanen Ashanti Don kawar da karkiyar Denkyira na bukatar hadin kai mai karfi wanda ya wuce bambancin bangarorin Ashanti, kuma Anokye ya yi amfani da tasirin siyasa ba kawai na firist nasa ba amma har ma da alakar ruhaniya da ta haifar don canza kawancen Ashanti mara kyau cikin hadaddiyar "kasa" a cikin 1695.
Anokye da Tutu sun kafa al'adu da al'adun jihar Ashanti don rage tasirin al'adun gargajiya. Sun nada Kumasi, babban birnin Ashanti. Daga nan sai suka kafa majalisar jiha ta shugabannin manyan jihohin da aka shigar da su kungiyar suka kuma murkushe duk wasu al'adu masu gasa na asali. A ƙarshe, sun sake tsara rundunar Ashanti.
Yaƙi tare da Denkyira[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Yaƙin da aka yi da Denkyira (1699-1701) ya tafi da kyau da farko, amma lokacin da sojojin Denkyira suka isa ƙofar Kumasi, abubuwan da Anokye ke so ya haifar da rashi tsakanin janarorinsu. Ashanti ya karya ikon Denkyira kuma ya kama aikin hayar Dutch don Elmina Castle. Wannan ya bai wa 'yan kasuwar masarautar damar shiga gabar Afirka kuma ya sanya su daga yanzu zuwa kasuwanci da siyasar cinikin bayi.
Mutuwa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Bayan rasuwar Osei Tutu a 1717, Anokye ya ce ya koma Akuapim [abin da ake bukata na rashin fahimta] kuma ya mutu a garin da ake kira Kyirapatre a Kumase tsakanin 1717 da 1719 (yana da shekaru tsakanin 62-64). Ba a san ainihin abin da ya yi sanadin mutuwarsa ba kuma an ce zai kawo mabuɗin mutuwa - don haka ba wanda zai yi kuka; idan aka ji wani yana kuka ba zai dawo ba. Bayan kwanaki biyu har yanzu bai dawo ba don haka matan suka yi kuka, kuma aka ce shi
Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- ↑ P. H. Coetzee (1998). The African Philosophy Reader. Psychology Press. p. 405. ISBN 9780415189057.
- ↑ T.C. McCaskie (2003). State and Society in Pre-colonial Asante. Cambridge University Press. p. 132. ISBN 9780521894326.