Olivetti Valentine
 Olivetti Valentine | |
|---|---|
typewriter model (en)  | |
 | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
manual typewriter (en) da portable typewriter (en) |
| Farawa | 1960s |
| Maƙirƙiri |
Ettore Sottsass (mul) |
| Kayan haɗi |
acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (en) , karfe, rubber (en) da plastic (en) |
| Inventory number (en) | 397444 |
| Manufacturer (en) |
Olivetti (en) |
| Location of creation (en) | Italiya |
| Designed by (en) |
Ettore Sottsass (mul) , Perry King (en) da Albert Leclerc (en) |
| Described at URL (en) | museums.gov.il… |
| Copyright status (en) |
copyrighted (en) |
| Copyright holder (en) |
Olivetti (en) da Ettore Sottsass (mul) |
| Kiyaye ta |
Modern and Contemporary Art (en) |
| Commercialization date (en) | 1969 |
Olivetti Valentine wani injin rubutu ne mai ɗaukuwa, wanda kamfanin Italiya, Olivetti, ya ƙera kuma ya tallata, wanda ya haɗa injinan rubutun ciki na Lettera 32 na kamfanin tare da kayan aikin filastik masu launin ja, masu sheƙi da kuma akwatin filastik masu dacewa. An ƙera shi a shekarar 1968 ta hannun mai ba da shawara na Olivetti ɗan ƙasar Austria, Ettore Sottsass (mahaifin Memphis Group ), wanda Perry A. King da Albert Leclerc suka taimaka masa, an gabatar da injin a shekarar 1969 kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin injinan rubutun filastik na farko kuma mafi shahara.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]
Duk da cewa samfurin yana da tsada, mai iyaka ga aiki kuma mai matsakaicin tsari wanda bai samu nasara a kasuwa ba, [3] [6] [7] Valentine ya "ɓata yanayin da ake ciki" na ƙirar na'urar rubutu,[8] ya kama matsayin da ake amfani da shi wajen yaƙi da al'adun bayan '68,[9] kuma daga ƙarshe ya zama sanannen shahararriyar alama ta duniya,[7] galibi saboda ƙirarsa mai bayyanawa.
An nuna bikin ranar masoya a cikin tarin kayan tarihi na Metropolitan Museum of Art, Museum of Modern Art, da Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum da ke New York;[10] [11] [12] London's Design Museum da Victoria and Albert Museum;[7] Powerhouse Museum da ke Sydney;[13] da kuma Triennale di Milano da ke Milan.[14]
Mawaki Giovanni Giudici, wanda aka yi aiki da shi a Olivetti, ya bayyana Valentine a matsayin "wani Lettera 32 da aka ɓoye a matsayin yarinya 'yar shekara sittin."[15] A tsawon lokaci, Sottsass da kansa – wanda ya yi tunanin Valentine a matsayin Bic Biro/Cristal na masu rubuta rubutu, abin da yake kira ' ja – na rosso zai gaji da ƙirarsa, yana kiransa "a bayyane yake, kamar yarinya sanye da gajeren siket da kayan kwalliya da yawa."[16] [17] [4] [3]
Zane da haɓakawa
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Cikakkun bayanai sun haɗa da maɓallan filastik baƙi da haruffan fari; hular ribbon filastik mai launin lemu, hannun ƙarfe mai dawowa da jagorar takarda; tagwayen chrome, tallafin takarda mai kama da zomo; ƙafafuwan roba baƙi; madaurin juyawar filastik ja a bayan na'urar rubutu, da kuma haruffan "Valentine" da aka ɗaga tare da gaba da "olivetti" a farantin baya. A gabatarwa, an buga littafin jagorar mai amfani a kan saitin ƙananan "alamu" da aka riƙe tare da madauri na zare, tare da jimloli masu ban sha'awa waɗanda ke bayyana manyan ayyuka, tare da zane-zane baƙi da fari masu sauƙi.[1] A tsawon aikin samarwa, gyare-gyaren ƙira sun haɗa da faɗaɗa hular ribbon mai launin lemu, da ƙara manyan dimples guda biyu a saman aikin jiki, don taimakawa hana gogewa lokacin cire na'urar rubutu ko mayar da ita cikin akwatinta.[2]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Rosario Spagnolello (May 28, 2020). "Valentine, Italy's Iconic Ruby Red Typewriter". Elle Decor.
- ↑ "Ettore Sottsass Jr. and Perry King". SFMOMA (in Turanci). Retrieved 2024-01-25.[permanent dead link]
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 David Hayes. "Olivetti Valentine: The Macintosh of the '60s". DavidHayes.ca.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Antonio Moro (December 27, 2007). "La Olivetti Valentine di Ettore Sottsass (translated from Italian)". Medium.com.
- ↑ "Valentine: design and graphics for a cult product". Storiaolivet/. 4 March 2016.
- ↑ "How Ettore Sottsass made the typewriter sexy". Phaidon.com. Archived from the original on 2022-01-18.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 "Valentine Typewriter 1969 (designed)". Victoria and Albert Museum. 1969. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
- ↑ "Olivetti Valentine, Ettore Sottsass, Perry King, Olivetti 1968". Domus. p. 014/019 (gallery view).
- ↑ Amber Snider (February 20, 2020). "How the Radical, Rebellious Valentine Typewriter Was Labeled a Mistake". The Culture Trip. Archived from the original on November 27, 2025. Retrieved December 29, 2025.
- ↑ "Valentine Portable Typewriter". Metropolitan Museum of Art. 1968.
- ↑ "Ettore Sottsass Jr. and Perry King". SFMOMA (in Turanci). Retrieved 2024-01-25.[permanent dead link]
- ↑ "Valentine, Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum". Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 18 February 2024.
- ↑ "'Valentine' portable typewriter by Olivetti. OBJECT NO. 2003/13/1 1969". Powerhouse Museum (in Turanci). Retrieved 2024-02-18.
- ↑ "Valentine; Macchina per scrivere; Ettore Sottsass jr., Perry A. King; Olivetti". Fondazione La Triennale di Milano (in Italiyanci). Retrieved 28 January 2024.
- ↑ "Valentine: design e grafica per un prodotto cult" [Valentine: design and graphics for a cult product] (in Italiyanci). Associazione Archivio Storico Olivetti (Olivetti Historical Archive).
- ↑ "Ettore Sottsass Jr. and Perry King". SFMOMA (in Turanci). Retrieved 2024-01-25.[permanent dead link]
- ↑ Jonathan Glancey (April 15, 2015). "Design Icons: Why everyone loves the Valentine (video, 3:23)". BBC.