Operation Bertram

Operation Bertram
Bayanai
Ƙasa	Misra
Wuri
30°50′N 28°57′E

Aikin Bertram shine aikin yaudarar duniya na neman aiki a Masar LeDley Montgomery, a cikin watanni kafin Beristard ya yi wa yaudarar Erwin game da lokacin da kuma wurin da aka yi karo da kai. Aikin ya ƙunshi yaudarar jiki ta amfani da Dumhies da Camoflage, wanda aka tsara kuma ya yi umarni na tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar Birtaniya ya tsara. Wadannan sun kasance tare da yaudarar kwamfuta na Codenameded Codenamed Canwell, ta amfani da zirga-zirgar rediyo na karya. Duk waɗannan an shirya su ne don yin axis sun yi imani da cewa harin ya faru ne zuwa kudu, nesa daga bakin titin Coast da kuma jirgin ruwa bayan harin.

Bertram ya ƙunshi halittar bayyanar sojojin da ba su iya zama ba kuma babu a ɓoye makamai, manyan bindigogi da Matériel. Dummy Tankuna da bindigogi sun zama gunduma da yawa ciki har da Calico da dabino-Frond. An datsa tankuna na ainihi kamar manyan motoci, ta amfani da hasken "sunnarsinsues". Har ila yau, bindigoginsu sun kuma dagula wasu maɗaukaki a matsayin manyan motoci, ainihin ƙafafunsu bayyane, a ƙarƙashin wani abu mai sauƙi "Cantabal" Cannely don ba da sifar motar. An yi ajiyar gwangwani tare da gefunan da ke canzawa, ɓoye a cikin inuwa. Abincin da aka yi daidai da tara kwalaye da aka zana tare da raga raga don kama manyan motoci.

An yi fakin manyan motoci a fili a yankin Tankin Tank na wasu makonni. Tankunan gaske suna kama da pranded a bayyane, nesa a gaban gaba. Dare biyu kafin harin, tankuna ya maye gurbin manyan motocin, ana rufe su da "hasken rana" kafin asuba. An maye gurbin tankokin da aka maye gurbinsu da Dare tare da Dubu a cikin ainihin matsayin su, don haka makamai ya kasance kamar biyu ko fiye da 'tafiya da yawa' tafiya 'a bayan layin gaba. Don ƙarfafa ra'ayi cewa ba a shirye take ba, an gina bututun ruwa na ruwa mai ruwa, a wani fili na Mi (8.0 Km) kowace rana. Wasu 'yan kwanaki sun kasance ana gina su ne a lokacin harin; Dummy Tankuna, bindigogi da kayayyaki sun gina su zuwa kudu.

Bayan yaƙin, da kungiyar Panzemee ta Jamusanci ta Jamus Wilhelm Ritter Von Thoma ta fadawa Montgomery cewa ya yi imani da kawancen da ke da sauran sojoji fiye da yadda aka kai hari. Tsayar da ROMMEL, Janar Georg St Sturmme, tunani ba zai fara ba tsawon makonni da yawa. Bertram ya yi nasara; Lokacin da aka sanar da nasarar da ke a El Alamein a gidan commons, Winston Churchill ya yaba da aikin komawar.

Shiryawa

Taswirar Outline Berristram Nuna alifi da Lines na Axis tsakanin baƙin ciki da teku, da kuma teku, da kuma real da kuma dummy

Taswirar Aikin Berter

Bertram ya nada ta Dudeley Clarke don yaudarar Erwin Rommel game da lokacin da sojojin na takwas da wurin da ake tsammani ya kai hari. Ya ƙunshi yaudarar jiki ta amfani da Dummies da kamanni, ɓoye abubuwan motsa jiki, musamman na makamai na Montgomery. Bertram ya kasance tare da yaudarar lantarki na lantarki "Operation CanWell" ta amfani da zirga-zirgar rediyo. Layin gaba ya takaitaccen gajere: shi ya shimfiɗa daga Tekun Bahar Rum a arewacin, da ta kusa da bata lokaci mai zurfi a Kudancin, nisan da ke da kusan mil 30 (48 km). Don haka ya bayyana sarai ga abokan gaba cewa dole ne a kawo harin a wannan sararin, kuma tunda kawai ya kasance a Arewa, kuma tun harin da aka yi wa ba zato ba tsammani. An yi niyyar yin wa'azin don sa abokan gaba suka yi imani da cewa harin zuwa kudu, nesa daga bakin tekun da kuma jirgin ruwa, da kuma jiragen ruwa guda biyu da na gaske.

Kisa

Aikin yana da manufa guda biyu: samar da bayyanar rukunin sojoji inda babu kowa da kuma boye ainihin makamai, manyan bindigogi da materiel a gaba. Barkas ya lura cewa "boye babban taron rundunar sojojin da ke da makamai, wani shiri ne na soja da Hedkwatar Sojoji ta yi, tare da Camouflage yana aiwatar da wasu ayyuka na musamman". Tunda ba zai yuwu a boye wanzuwar manyan motoci irin wannan ba, musamman na tankokin yaki a yankin Martello, Barkas ya shirya a maimakon haka ya bayyana motocin a can a fili, a matsayin manyan motoci, tun kafin a fara yaki. Su ma tankunan, za a baje su a fili, a bayan fagen daga. Lokacin da makiya suka ga kamar ba abin da ke faruwa, sai a maye gurbin motocin da tankokin yaki, suna mai rikidewa kamar manyan motoci. Hakan yana nufin cewa tankunan, suma, dole ne a ga ba su motsa ba don haka a maye gurbinsu da dummies. An buƙaci adadin da ba a taɓa yin irinsa ba kuma “mai girma” na dummies: fiye da tankuna 400, bindigogi 100, da motoci masu laushi kusan 2,000.

An yi amfani da fasaha daban-daban don kowane aiki. Sojojin Birtaniyya sun dauki masu zane-zane, masu zane-zane da masu fasaha da gangan don aikin kama-karya. Tony Ayrton ya kasance mai zane, ɗan mawallafin Maxwell Ayrton. Brian Robb ya zo ba da gangan ba: ya shiga soja a matsayin mai zaman kansa, amma Barkas ya lura da shi kuma ya yi amfani da kwarewarsa a matsayin mai zane, malami da mai zane ta hanyar sa shi cikin sauri ya ci gaba da girma zuwa Laftanar Ma'aikata. Ayrton da Robb sun zama "GSO2" na Barkas, manyan jami'an ma'aikatansa, kuma suna kula da tsare-tsaren kama-karya da aka yi amfani da su a Operation Bertram.

Sakamako

Bayan yakin, Janar Wilhelm Ritter von Thoma na Jamus da aka kama ya shaidawa Montgomery cewa ya yi imani cewa abokan kawancen suna da aƙalla rukunin masu sulke fiye da yadda suke yi, kuma harin zai kasance a kudancin ƙasar. Tsayuwar Rommel, Janar Georg Stumme, ya yi tunanin ba za a fara kai harin na makonni da yawa ba. Takardun Jamusawa da fursunonin yaƙi sun tabbatar da cewa kwamandojin Jamus sun yi imani da wanzuwar ƙungiyar yaudara, kuma ba su yi hasashen hanyar da za ta kai ga kai hari ba. Bertram ya yi nasara a cikin dukkan manufofinsa.

A ranar 11 ga Nuwamba 1942, Winston Churchill ya bayyana yakin El Alamein zuwa House of Commons, London kuma ya yaba da nasarar Operation Bertram:

Ta hanyar tsari mai ban sha'awa na kame-kame, an sami cikakken mamaki na dabara a cikin hamada. Rundunar ta Xth, da ya gani daga iska tana yin atisayen mil hamsin a baya, ta yi shiru cikin dare, amma ta bar daidaikun tankunanta a inda take, ta kuma zarce inda take kai hari.

- Winston Churchill, 1942[33]