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Palestro ambush

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Infotaula d'esdevenimentPalestro ambush

Map
 36°37′N 3°34′E / 36.61°N 3.57°E / 36.61; 3.57
Iri ambush (en) Fassara
Bangare na Yaƙin Aljeriya
Kwanan watan 18 Mayu 1956
Wuri Lakhdaria (en) Fassara
Ƙasa Faransa

Kwanton bauna na Palestro, ko Djerrah, ya faru ne a ranar 18 ga watan Mayu 1956, a lokacin yakin Aljeriya, kusa da ƙauyen Djerrah a yankin Palestro (yanzu Lakhdaria) a Kabylie. Wani sashe na kimanin mutane arba'in daga rundunar 'yantar da ƙasa (ALN) a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Laftanar Ali Khodja sun yi wa wata runduna ta mutum 21 kwanton ɓauna daga runduna ta 9 ta sojojin Faransa ta turawan mulkin mallaka ƙarƙashin jagorancin Laftanar Hervé Artur na biyu.[1]

Wannan harin kwanton ɓauna ya kai ga halaka ƙananan ruƙunin sojojin ruwan Faransa gaba ɗaya, inda aka kashe sojojin Faransa 20, ciki har da kwamandansu, Hervé Artur. An kama wani sojan Faransa ɗaya fursuna kuma daga baya aka sake shi. Kawo yanzu dai ba a san asarar da Aljeriya ta yi ba, amma ana kyautata zaton kusan guda ɗaya ne ya mutu, wasu kaɗan kuma suka jikkata.

Mahallin tarihi

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Bayan 1 ga watan Nuwamba 1954, Algeria ta kasance cikin yaki. Yayin da 'yan tawaye masu ɗauke da makamai ƙarƙashin jagorancin National Liberation Front (FLN) ke karuwa, adadin sojojin Faransa ya ragu, saboda sojojin Moroccan suna komawa ƙasarsu mai cin gashin kanta, raguwa mai tasiri na rukuni, da ƙaruwar yawan gudu na spahis na Aljeriya da tirailleurs. Shugaban Majalisar Guy Mollet ya tuno da akwai masu yin ajiyar zuciya don kara karfin soji a Aljeriya zuwa sojoji 200,000.[2] An zaɓe shi kwanan nan don tabbatar da "zaman lafiya a Arewacin Afirka," duk da haka ya aiwatar da manufar danniya kuma ya ki yin shawarwari kan 'yancin kai har sai an tsagaita wuta. Wannan kuma shi ne karon farko da gwamnatin gurguzu, da ke samun goyon bayan 'yan gurguzu, ta yanke shawarar tura sojoji. [3] A cikin watan Mayun 1956, 'yan ta'adda na farko da aka dawo da su sun sauka a Aljeriya.

FLN, a nata ɓangare, ta shirya a watan Satumba 1955, jim kaɗan bayan abubuwan da suka faru na Constantine, ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan farfaganda na farko. Abane Ramdane, shugaban yankin Algiers, an gayyace shi zuwa Palestro maquis ɗan jaridar Faransa Robert Barrat [fr], wanda aka gabatar da buƙatun yancin kai; Barrat ya kuma gana da djounoud, Sojojin 'Yancin Ƙasa.[4]

Masu gwagwarmaya

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Wannan harin kwantan ɓauna dai ya gwabza da sojojin Faransa da dakarun 'yantar da ƙasar Aljeriya da kuma ɓangaren Faransa ɓangaren na 2 na bataliya ta 9 ta sojojin 'yan mulkin mallaka.[5][6] Laftanar Hervé Artur na biyu ya ba da umarni, kuma a gefen Aljeriya na sashin kwamandojin Ali Khodja, ƙungiyoyi da yawa tare da jimlar wasu 40 djounoud.

Ma'aikatan ALN wilaya 4, 1956-1957.

An haifi Ali Khodja a Algiers ranar 12 ga watan Janairu, 1933. A watan Oktoba na shekarar 1955, ya fice daga barikin Hussein Dey tare da wasu mutane biyu, ɗauke da makamai, ya kuma shiga kungiyar makiya a Palestro ƙarƙashin jagorancin Amar Ouamrane.[7] An ba Khodja amanar wani sashe na ALN mai karfin mazaje ɗari. Ba da daɗewa ba ya bambanta a aikace, ya zama kwamando Ali Khodja, ɗaya daga cikin almara na ALN.[8] Don samun makamai da sutura, ƙungiyar Khodja, kamar sauran ƙungiyoyin NLA na wancan lokacin, sun fi son kai harin kwantan ɓauna da aka yi bisa taken "Yiwa, Mayar da Tufafi."

An haifi Hervé Artur a birnin Paris ranar 17 ga watan Satumba, 1926; bayan ya yi aikin soja a Aljeriya, ya shirya digirin falsafa, wanda ya bar aikin a kamfanin sufuri. A ƙarshen watan Afrilu 1956 an sake kiransa zuwa aikin soja kuma ya yi aiki da muƙamin laftanar na biyu a cikin Rejimenti na 9th Colonial Infantry Regiment da ke Kabylie. Wannan jami’in, wanda ya yi imani da zaman lafiyar ƙasar Aljeriya da sojojin Faransa suka yi, ya jagoranci wani ɓangare na runduna ashirin da suka haɗa da Sajan guda biyu, kofur biyu, kofur biyu, da sojoji goma sha huɗu. Yawancin sun kasance masu aiki a rayuwar farar hula.

A safiyar ranar 18 ga watan Mayu, sashin ya tafi aikin leken asiri zuwa ƙauyukan da ke kusa da Ouled Djerrah. Harin ‘yan ta’addan dai bai fi mintuna ashirin ba ya kare da nasarar ALN. Mambobi biyar ne kawai na sashe na 2 suka tsira daga kwanton ɓauna: Sajan Alain Chorliet, babban kofur Louis Aurousseau, da Lucien Caron. Mutanen uku sun jikkata, haka kuma wasu mutane biyu, Jean David-Nillet da Pierre Dumas. An raunata Caron tare da ƙauyen kabyle na douar, da sauran waɗanda suka tsira da moudjahideen suka tafi da su. Mutanen biyu da suka jikkata an damka amanarsu ga mazauna kauyen Douar makwabciyarta, Bou Zegza. An tsare David-Nillet da Dumas a matsayin fursuna ta Khodja, wanda ya koma cikin duwatsu.[9]

Yankewa

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A lokacin da suka bar wurin da aka yi kwanton ɓauna, sojan Pierre Dumas ya kama fursuna, ya ga dattawan ƙauyen Djerrah da ke makwabtaka da su sun iso. Manema labarai na lokacin sun ba da rahoton cewa waɗannan mazauna sun fara yankan sojojin Faransa. Ba a san ainihin abin da ya faru ba amma ba a kan ma'auni da aka bayar da rahoton gungumen. An yanke makogwaron Laftanar Artur kuma mutanensa suna da alamun sukan wuka a jikinsu. An kashe idanun wasu, amma ba zai yiwu a ware dabbobi ba a dalilin haka. Amma gendarmes ba su lura da lalata ba, ko fitar da su. Rubuce-rubuce sun ci gaba har wa yau, ana yanke maganar lebe da hanci, a yanke makogwaro, a kashe idanu, a yanke makogwaro, a fitar da ciki a cushe da tsakuwa, ko kuma a yanke ƙwaya.[10][11][12][13][14]

A cewar Bernard Droz [fr] da Évelyne Lever, "Waɗanda suka tsira daga al'ummar yankin ne suka yi ta, kwana guda bayan wani mummunan ra'ayi, ko kuma hari.ref name="Droz-Lever">Bernard Droz; Évelyne Lever (1988). Histoire de la guerre d'Algérie: 1954-1962. Paris: Seuil. p. 126. ISBN 978-2020061001.</ref> Yves Courrière ya raba wannan ra'ayi, yana mai nuna cewa an yi lalata da "bayan mutuwar sojojin Faransa."[15]

Manazarta

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  1. ↑ Abderrachid Mefti. "Un succès retentissant du commando Ali Khodja, Embuscade du 18 mai 1956 dans les gorges de Lakhdaria" [A Ringing Success for Commando Ali Khodja, Ambush May 18, 1956 in the Lakhdaria Gorges]. Archived from the original on December 3, 2013. Retrieved October 7, 2017.
  2. ↑ Jean-Charles Jauffret, "Le mouvement des rappelés en 1955–1956", (The Recall Movement in 1955-1956) in Mohammed Harbi and Benjamin Stora, La Guerre d'Algérie, (The War on Algeria), Paris, Robert Laffont, Pluriel collection, 2004, p. 202-203.
  3. ↑ François Buton, « Quand les disponibles ne veulent pas l’être. Le « Mouvement des rappelés » pendant la guerre d’Algérie », in André Loez and Nicolas Mariot, Obéir/désobéir : les Mutineries de 1917 en perspective (Obeying/Disobeying: The Mutinies of 1917 in Perspective), La Découverte, 2008, 448 p. (ISBN 978-2707156198, read online [archive]), p. 2.
  4. ↑ Branche 2010, p. 16-17.
  5. ↑ Branche 2010, p. 20-21
  6. ↑ Andrea Brazzoduro, « Comptes-rendus : Raphaëlle Branche, L’Embuscade de Palestro. Algérie 1956 » [archive], sur Histoire@Politique, 18 March 2011
  7. ↑ A group was made up of eleven men, a sergeant and two corporals (Branche 2010, p. 24).
  8. ↑ Benjamin Stora (2005). Les mots de la guerre d'Algérie [Words of the Algerian War]. Toulouse: Presses universitaires du Mirail. p. 38. (ISBN 978-2858167777, read online Archived 2023-08-21 at the Wayback Machine)
  9. ↑ Benjamin Stora (2005). Les mots de la guerre d'Algérie [Words of the Algerian War]. Toulouse: Presses universitaires du Mirail. p. 38. (ISBN 978-2858167777, read online Archived 2023-08-21 at the Wayback Machine)
  10. ↑ Jean-Pierre Guéno (2011). Paroles de torturés [Words of the Tortured]. Jacob-Duvernet. p. 59.
  11. ↑ Isabelle Clarke; Daniel Costelle (2010). La Blessure - La tragédie des harkis [The Wound - The Tragedy of the Harkis]. Acropole.« La rencontre avec la mort 1956 »)
  12. ↑ Henri Le Mire (1982). Histoire militaire de la guerre d'Algérie [Military History of the Algerian War]. Albin Michel. p. 75.
  13. ↑ Nathalie Funès. Le Camp de Lodi : Algérie, 1954-1962.
  14. ↑ Michel Klen (2005). L'Algérie française, un tragique malentendu, ou, Les périls de l'ambiguïté [French Algeria, A Tragic Misunderstanding, or, The Perils of Ambiguity]. France Europe éditions. p. 227.
  15. ↑ Claire Mauss-Copeaux (1998). Appelés en Algérie: la parole confisquée. Pluriel. Paris: Hachette. p. 118. ISBN 978-2012790520.
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