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Phytoestrogen

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Phytoestrogen
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na abubuwan sunadarai da non-steroidal estrogens (en) Fassara

A phytoestrogen ne shuka-derived xenoestrogen (wani nau'in estrogen samar da kwayoyin ba mutane ba) ba a samar da shi a cikin Tsarin endocrine, amma cinye shi ta hanyar cin shuke-shuke ko kayan abinci.[1] Har ila yau ana kiranta "estrogen na abinci", rukuni ne daban-daban na kwayoyin tsire-tsire masu tasowa waɗanda ke faruwa na halitta waɗanda, saboda kamanceceniya da estradiol (17-β-estradiol), suna da ikon haifar da tasirin estrogenic ko antiestrogenic.[1][2]

Phytoestrogens ba muhimman abubuwan gina jiki ba ne saboda rashin su daga Abinci ba ya haifar da cuta, kuma ba a san su da shiga cikin kowane aikin halitta na yau da kullun ba.[1][2] Abinci na yau da kullun da ke dauke da phytoestrogens sune soya da sinadarin soya, miso, tempeh, da tofu.[1] Wasu nau'ikan jarirai da aka ƙera tare da furotin soya suna dauke da isoflavones.[1]

Sunansa ya fito ne daga Girkanci phyto ("shuka") da Estrogen, hormone wanda ke ba da haihuwa ga dabbobi masu shayarwa mata.[1] Kalmar "Estrus" (Girkanci οίστρος) tana nufin "sha'awar jima'i", kuma "gene" (Grikicen γόνο) shine "don samarwa". An yi la'akari da cewa tsire-tsire suna amfani da phytoestrogen a matsayin wani ɓangare na kariya ta halitta daga yawan dabbobi masu cin ganyayyaki ta hanyar sarrafa yawan haihuwa na mata.[3][4]

Kamancin, a matakin kwayoyin, na Estrogen da phytoestrogen suna ba su damar yin koyi da hankali kuma wani lokacin suna aiki a matsayin mai adawa da estrogen.[1] An fara lura da Phytoestrogens a 1926, [2] amma ba a san ko za su iya samun wani tasiri a cikin metabolism na mutum ko dabba ba.[5] A cikin 1940s da farkon 1950s, an lura cewa wasu makiyaya na clover na karkashin kasa da ja clover (tsire masu wadata da phytoestrogen) suna da mummunar tasiri akan yawan kiwo.[2][6][7][8]

Tsarin sinadarai na phytoestrogens da aka fi sani da su a cikin shuke-shuke (sama da tsakiya) idan aka kwatanta da estrogen (ƙasa) da aka samu a cikin dabbobi

Tsarinsa

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Phytoestrogens galibi suna cikin babban rukuni na maye gurbin mahaɗan phenolic na halitta: coumestans, prenylflavonoids da isoflavones sune uku daga cikin mafi yawan aiki a cikin tasirin estrogenic a cikin wannan aji.[9] Mafi kyawun binciken shine isoflavones, wanda aka saba samu a cikin soya da ja clover. An kuma gano Lignans a matsayin phytoestrogens, kodayake ba flavonoids Ni ne.[10] Mycoestrogens suna da irin wannan tsari da sakamako, amma ba abubuwan da ke cikin shuke-shuke ba ne; waɗannan su ne ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin Fusarium, musamman na yau da kullun akan hatsi, [11] amma kuma suna faruwa a wasu wurare, misali a kan abinci daban-daban.[12][13] Kodayake ba a la'akari da mycoestrogens a cikin tattaunawa game da phytoestrogens, waɗannan su ne mahadi waɗanda suka fara haifar da sha'awar batun.[14]

Manazarta

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 "Isoflavones". Micronutrient Information Center, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis. October 2016. Retrieved 6 August 2022. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "lpi" defined multiple times with different content
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 vanc. Missing or empty |title= (help) Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Yil" defined multiple times with different content
  3. ↑ Hughes CL (Jun 1988). "Phytochemical mimicry of reproductive hormones and modulation of herbivore fertility by phytoestrogens". Environmental Health Perspectives. 78: 171–4. Bibcode:1988EnvHP..78..171H. doi:10.1289/ehp.8878171. PMC 1474615. PMID 3203635.
  4. ↑ vanc. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  5. ↑ vanc. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  6. ↑ Bennetts HW, Underwood EJ, Shier FL (1946). "A specific breeding problem of sheep on subterranean clover pastures in Western Australia". Australian Veterinary Journal. 22 (1): 2–12. doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.1946.tb15473.x. PMID 21028682.
  7. ↑ Cunningham IJ, Hogan KG (1954). "Oestrogens in New Zealand pasture plants". N. Z. Vet. J. 2 (4): 128–134. doi:10.1080/00480169.1954.33166.
  8. ↑ vanc. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  9. ↑ "Isoflavones". Micronutrient Information Center, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis. October 2016. Retrieved 6 August 2022.
  10. ↑ vanc. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  11. ↑ Kuiper-Goodman T, Scott PM, Watanabe H (1987). "Risk assessment of the mycotoxin zearalenone". Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 7 (3): 253–306. doi:10.1016/0273-2300(87)90037-7. PMID 2961013.
  12. ↑ Zinedine A, Soriano JM, Moltó JC, Mañes J (2007). "Review on the toxicity, occurrence, metabolism, detoxification, regulations and intake of zearalenone: an oestrogenic mycotoxin". Food Chem. Toxicol. 45 (1): 1–18. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2006.07.030. PMID 17045381.
  13. ↑ Gallo A, Giuberti G, Frisvad JC, Bertuzzi T, Nielsen KF (2015). "Review on Mycotoxin Issues in Ruminants: Occurrence in Forages, Effects of Mycotoxin Ingestion on Health Status and Animal Performance and Practical Strategies to Counteract Their Negative Effects". Toxins (Basel). 7 (8): 3057–111. doi:10.3390/toxins7083057. PMC 4549740. PMID 26274974.
  14. ↑ vanc. Missing or empty |title= (help)
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