Pombeiros
 Pombeiros | |
|---|---|
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | kungiyar mutane |
Pombeiros sun kasance 'yan Afirka kuma wasu lokuta ma'aikatan mulatto waɗanda suka sayi bayi a cikin Afirka a madadin kambin Portuguese ko 'yan kasuwa na Portuguese masu zaman kansu don cinikin bayi na Atlantic. Kalmar pombeiro ta fito ne daga Pumbe, kasuwa da ke kusa da tafkin Malebo.[1]
Gabaɗaya, gwamnatin Portuguese ba ta son masu cinikin bayi na Portuguese su shiga cikin ciki.[1] Ta fi son su zauna a yankunanta na Benguela da Luanda a bakin teku, yayin da pombeiros na asali suka jagoranci ayari zuwa cikin gida don siyan bayi.[2] A lokacin tafiye-tafiyen su zuwa cikin gida, pombeiros sun zauna a manyan kasuwanni da ake kira feiras, wanda 'yan Afirka daga ketare ke zuwa don sayar da kayayyaki, kayayyaki da bayi.[2] A cewar wani asusun daga shekarar 1700, pombeiros za su tashi tare da nasu bayi, waɗanda kuma suna da bayi a ƙarƙashinsu don yin aiki a matsayin ƴan ƙofofi. Balaguron bauta zai iya ɗaukar tsawon shekara guda kuma ya kawo bayi tsakanin 400 zuwa 600.[1]
Feira mafi nisa daga bakin tekun shine a Kasanje (wanda Imbagala c. 1620 ya kafa), kuma da kyar pombeiros ba su yi nasara ba fiye da haka. Ta hanyar pombeiros, Portugal ta yi hulɗa kai tsaye tare da masarautun da ke bayan Masarautar Kongo, kamar Lunda da Kazembe.[2] Ana iya cinikin bayi daga Kazembe ga Lunda, wanda kuma ya sayar da su ga Ibangala, wanda ya kawo su pombeiros a Kasanje. Ta wannan hanyar babban birnin Kazembe na ɗan adam ya yi hanyarsa zuwa Tekun Atlantika, yayin da hauren giwayen masarautar aka aika zuwa gabas zuwa feira na Portugal a Tete don cinikin Tekun Indiya. A cikin shekarar 1806, wasu pombeiros biyu masu suna Pedro João Baptista da Amaro José sun yi tafiya daga Luanda har zuwa Tete da dawowa, amma tafiyar ta ɗauki shekaru huɗu.[1]