Pontic Olbia
 Pontic Olbia | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
emporium (en)  , archaeological site (en) , polis (en) da ancient city (en) | ||||
 | ||||
| Bayanai | ||||
| Farawa | 7 century "BCE" | |||
| Suna a harshen gida | Ὀλβία | |||
| Al'ada |
Ancient Greece (en) | |||
| Ƙasa | Ukraniya | |||
| Kasancewa a yanki na lokaci |
UTC+02:00 (mul) | |||
| Gagarumin taron |
Siege of Pontic Olbia (en) | |||
| Dissolved, abolished or demolished date (en) | 4 century | |||
| Wuri | ||||
| ||||
| Ƴantacciyar ƙasa | Ukraniya | |||
| Oblast of Ukraine (en) | Mykolaiv Oblast (en) | |||
| Raion of Ukraine (en) | Mykolaiv Raion (en) | |||
| Amalgamated hromada (en) | Kutsurub rural hromada (en) | |||
Pontic (Tsohon Girkanci; Ukrainian) ko kuma kawai Olbia wani wuri ne na tarihi na wani birni na Girka a bakin kogin Kudancin Bug (Hypanis ko ːπανις) a Ukraine, kusa da ƙauyen Parutyne . An kare shafin binciken archaeological a matsayin <b id="mwMA">Tarihin Tarihi da Tarihin Archaeological na Kasa</b>. Ajiyar ta zama cibiyar bincike da kimiyya ta Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Kasa ta Ukraine. A cikin 1938-1993 ya kasance wani ɓangare na Cibiyar Nazarin Archaeology ta NASU a matsayin sashen.
An kafa birnin Hellenic a karni na 7 BC ta masu mulkin mallaka daga Miletus. Tashar jiragen ruwa ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa a kan Tekun Baƙi don fitar da hatsi, kifi, da bayi zuwa Girka, da kuma shigo da kayayyakin Attic zuwa Scythia.[1]
Yanayi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin].svg)
Shafin mulkin mallaka na Girka ya rufe yanki na hekta hamsin kuma ganuwarsa ta samar da isosceles triangle game da tsawon mil da rabi na mil. Yankin kuma shine shafin yanar gizo na ƙauyuka da yawa (Victorovka da Dneprovskoe na zamani) wanda Helenawa suka zauna.[2]
Amma ga garin da kansa, ƙananan garin (Yanzu galibi kogin Bug ya mamaye shi) ya shagaltar da tashar jiragen ruwa da gidajen masu sana'a. Garin da ke sama babban yanki ne na zama, wanda ya ƙunshi tubalan murabba'i kuma yana tsakiya a kan agora. Garin ya kewaye da bango na dutse mai kariya tare da hasumiyoyi. Garin na sama kuma shine shafin farko na zama a shafin a lokacin archaic. Akwai shaidar cewa an tsara garin da kansa a kan tsarin grid daga karni na 6 - daya daga cikin na farko bayan garin Smyrna.[2]
A ƙarshen lokacin zama, birnin ya haɗa da wani Acropolis kuma, daga ƙarni na 6 KZ, wuri mai tsarki na addini. A farkon karni na 5, an gina haikalin Apollo Delphinios a shafin.[2]
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Lokaci na Archaic da na gargajiya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Mulkin mallaka na Girka yana da matukar muhimmanci a kasuwanci kuma ya jimre har tsawon shekaru dubu. Shaidar farko ta zama na Girka a shafin ta fito ne daga Tsibirin Berezan inda aka sami tukwane tun daga ƙarshen karni na 7. [1] Sunan a cikin Girkanci yana nufin "farin ciki" ko "mai arziki". Yana yiwuwa cewa ya kasance shafin yanar gizon da ya gabata kuma yana iya kasancewa tsibirin tsibirin maimakon tsibirin a zamanin d ̄ a.[1] Yanzu ana tunanin cewa garin Berezan ya tsira har zuwa karni na 5 KZ lokacin da aka iya shiga cikin karuwar Olbian a kan ƙasar.[1]
A cikin karni na 5 KZ, Herodotus ya ziyarci mulkin mallaka, wanda ya ba da mafi kyawun bayaninmu game da birnin da mazaunanta daga zamanin d ̄ a.